Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Megan Letourneau, Kevin Wang, Ryan J. Mailloux
Summary: The study demonstrates that protein S-glutathionylation can inhibit ROS production by cytoplasmic and mitochondrial enzymes, with glutathionylation reactions being enzymatically mediated by GST. Additionally, it was found that bacterial XO is also a target for glutathionylation.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiromu Ito, Hiromi Kurokawa, Hirofumi Matsui
Summary: Mitochondria, essential organelles for energy production in eukaryotes, generate reactive oxygen species during the process which play pivotal roles in cell signaling and iron homeostasis regulation. The regulation of iron transportation, involving proteins like HCP1, DMT1, and mitoferrin, is increasingly understood in relation to mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and diseases.
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takeshi Nishino
Summary: The author provides an overview of the research history on the main issues discussed in the paper, and highlights their personal involvement in the research. XDH, responsible for purine degradation, is found in various organisms, while conversion to XO only occurs in mammals. This study elucidates the molecular mechanism of this conversion and presents its physiological and pathological significance. Additionally, enzyme inhibitors have been successfully developed, with two being used as therapeutic agents for gout, and their potential for wide application is discussed.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yoshiro Tanaka, Tomohisa Nagoshi, Akira Yoshii, Yuhei Oi, Hirotake Takahashi, Haruka Kimura, Keiichi Ito, Yusuke Kashiwagi, Toshikazu D. Tanaka, Michihiro Yoshimura
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests that high serum uric acid is associated with left ventricular dysfunction, and xanthine oxidase activation plays a critical role in this process. In a study on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, it was found that cardiac tissue xanthine oxidase activation led to impaired left ventricular function, which was attenuated by xanthine oxidase inhibitors through reduction of oxidative stress and modulation of purine metabolism.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Heidi M. Schmidt, Evan R. DeVallance, Sara E. Lewis, Katherine C. Wood, Gowtham K. Annarapu, Mara Carreno, Scott A. Hahn, Madison Seman, Brooke A. Maxwell, Emily A. Hileman, Julia Z. Xu, Murugesan Velayutham, Werner J. Geldenhuys, Dario A. Vitturi, Sruti Shiva, Eric E. Kelley, Adam C. Straub
Summary: Xanthine oxidase (XO) is involved in purine metabolism and generates oxidants. Elevated XO activity has been observed in hemolytic conditions. This study reveals for the first time that XO has a protective role during hemolysis. Hemolysis challenge leads to the release of XO by hepatocytes through hemin-TLR4 signaling, resulting in an increased XO activity in the vascular compartment, which protects against intravascular hemin crisis.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
K. H. Durga Prasad, Cheriyan Ebenezer, Rajadurai Vijay Solomon, E. Iyyappan
Summary: Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) can cause cell death when overproduced, leading to significant attention from researchers. Suitable antioxidants that can counteract the effects of ROS are actively sought after. Trehalose, a disaccharide molecule with eight hydroxyl (-OH) groups, has emerged as a promising antioxidant due to its ability to protect against oxidative stress. A comprehensive study utilizing Density Functional Theory (DFT) has been conducted to explore the structure-property relationship of Trehalose, examining four well-known mechanisms and assessing their feasibility. The study also investigates the inhibitory effect of Trehalose on Xanthine Oxidase (XO) through molecular docking analysis. The findings highlight the importance of the position of the hydroxyl (-OH) groups in determining the antioxidant properties of Trehalose, potentially contributing to the development of efficient antioxidants based on Trehalose.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anne Grunenwald, Lubka T. Roumenina, Marie Frimat
Summary: The incidence of kidney disease is increasing, posing a significant burden on healthcare systems and underscoring the need for new therapeutic targets. The HO system, specifically HO-1, has shown promise in protecting against various kidney injuries, but despite preclinical data, clinical translation has not yet been achieved. Future research may focus on identifying potential therapeutic interventions targeting HO-1 in kidney diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tadashi Tsukamoto, Masaya Tsujii, Kazuya Odake, Takahiro Iino, Tomoki Nakamura, Akihiko Matsumine, Akihiro Sudo
Summary: The study demonstrates that febuxostat can significantly alleviate the muscle wasting caused by malignant tumors, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
FREE RADICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Heidi M. Schmidt, Katherine C. Wood, Sara E. Lewis, Scott A. Hahn, Xena M. Williams, Brenda McMahon, Jeffrey J. Baust, Shuai Yuan, Timothy N. Bachman, Yekai Wang, Joo-Yeun Oh, Samit Ghosh, Solomon F. Ofori-Acquah, Jeffrey D. Lebensburger, Rakesh P. Patel, Jianhai Du, Dario A. Vitturi, Eric E. Kelley, Adam C. Straub
Summary: In a mouse model of sickle cell disease, treatment with XO inhibitor febuxostat for 10 weeks significantly decreased hemolysis and improved pulmonary vasoreactivity. Although hepatic XO accounts for >50% of circulating XO, it is not the driver of hemolysis in SCD.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Mingcong Chen, Guowei Zhong, Sha Wang, Peiying Chen, Lei Li
Summary: A novel mutation and cytochrome c oxidase cox7c were found to be related to fungal resistance to antifungal drugs. Experimental evidence demonstrated that the deletion of cox7c would lead to a decrease in intracellular itraconazole concentration, resulting in resistance to azole drugs.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yoon-Seok Seo, Jung-Min Park, Jae-Hyeong Kim, Moo-Yeol Lee
Summary: Smoking is a significant risk factor for various diseases due to the production of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). This review focuses on how cigarette smoke promotes the formation of ROS and provides key mechanisms involved.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ziting Guo, Jinjin Zhao, Meiping Wang, Song Song, Zongliang Xia
Summary: Recent studies have shown that sulfur dioxide (SO2) plays a positive role in stress defense responses in plants, especially in seed germination. SO2 treatment can significantly promote seed germination and vigor in maize by increasing reactive oxygen species levels and NADPH oxidase activities, leading to elevated alpha-amylase activity and transcripts. These findings suggest that SO2 may function as a signaling molecule in plant growth and development, specifically in seed germination control.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Salvatore Antonucci, Moises Di Sante, Federica Tonolo, Laura Pontarollo, Valeria Scalcon, Petra Alanova, Roberta Menabo, Andrea Carpi, Alberto Bindoli, Maria Pia Rigobello, Marco Giorgio, Nina Kaludercic, Fabio Di Lisa
Summary: The study demonstrates the crucial role of monoamine oxidases (MAOs) in oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in doxorubicin cardiomyopathy. Pharmacological inhibition of MAOs can alleviate the dysfunctions leading to cell death.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sergejs Zavadskis, Adelheid Weidinger, Dominik Hanetseder, Asmita Banerjee, Cornelia Schneider, Susanne Wolbank, Darja Marolt Presen, Andrey Kozlov
Summary: The study found that the inhibitor DPI has different effects on ROS metabolism and mitochondrial function in various types of cells, such as stem cells and differentiated cells, depending on the cell's energy metabolism. Undifferentiated cells may be a better target for DPI compared to differentiated parenchymal cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Niklas Mueller, Timothy Warwick, Kurt Noack, Pedro Felipe Malacarne, Arthur J. L. Cooper, Norbert Weissmann, Katrin Schroeder, Ralf P. Brandes, Flavia Rezende
Summary: ROS play a crucial role in cardiovascular signal transduction, with different types and concentrations leading to distinct metabolic and transcriptomic responses in endothelial cells. High levels of H2O2 significantly impact both metabolism and gene expression, while other ROS mainly affect gene expression levels.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Leon J. DeLalio, Scott Hahn, Pedro L. Katayama, Megan M. Wenner, William B. Farquhar, Adam C. Straub, Sean D. Stocker
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Hematology
Heidi M. Schmidt, Katherine C. Wood, Sara E. Lewis, Scott A. Hahn, Xena M. Williams, Brenda McMahon, Jeffrey J. Baust, Shuai Yuan, Timothy N. Bachman, Yekai Wang, Joo-Yeun Oh, Samit Ghosh, Solomon F. Ofori-Acquah, Jeffrey D. Lebensburger, Rakesh P. Patel, Jianhai Du, Dario A. Vitturi, Eric E. Kelley, Adam C. Straub
Summary: In a mouse model of sickle cell disease, treatment with XO inhibitor febuxostat for 10 weeks significantly decreased hemolysis and improved pulmonary vasoreactivity. Although hepatic XO accounts for >50% of circulating XO, it is not the driver of hemolysis in SCD.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Joseph C. Galley, Scott A. Hahn, Megan P. Miller, Brittany G. Durgin, Edwin K. Jackson, Sean D. Stocker, Adam C. Straub
Summary: In the study, it was found that reduced renal blood flow activates the RAAS system, leading to renovascular hypertension. Ang II was shown to affect sGC expression through an AT(1) receptor-FoxO transcription factor mechanism, both in vivo and in vitro. This up-regulation of sGC led to increased downstream cGMP signaling, suggesting a protective mechanism to improve renal blood flow in the uninjured contralateral renal artery.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuai Yuan, Heidi M. Schmidt, Katherine C. Wood, Adam C. Straub
Summary: CoQ is ubiquitously embedded in lipid bilayers of various cellular organelles, playing a crucial role in maintaining mitochondrial function and heart health. Clinical studies have shown promising results for CoQ supplementation in treating heart failure.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sanghamitra Sahoo, Yao Li, Daniel de Jesus, John Sembrat, Mauricio M. Rojas, Elena Goncharova, Eugenia Cifuentes-Pagano, Adam C. Straub, Patrick J. Pagano
Summary: The study reveals a crucial role for Notch2 in maintaining lung vascular endothelial cell quiescence and in PAH, with loss of Notch2 activating Notch1 and inducing proliferation and apoptosis resistance in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells. PAH patients exhibit reduced levels of endothelial Notch2 in pulmonary arteries, suggesting Notch2 as a fundamental driver of PAH pathogenesis.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Taijyu Satoh, Longfei Wang, Cristina Espinosa-Diez, Bing Wang, Scott A. Hahn, Kentaro Noda, Elizabeth R. Rochon, Matthew R. Dent, Andrea R. Levine, Jeffrey J. Baust, Samuel Wyman, Yijen L. Wu, Georgios A. Triantafyllou, Ying Tang, Mike Reynolds, Sruti Shiva, Cynthia St Hilaire, Delphine Gomez, Dmitry A. Goncharov, Elena A. Goncharova, Stephen Y. Chan, Adam C. Straub, Yen-Chun Lai, Charles F. McTiernan, Mark T. Gladwin
Summary: This study elucidated the mechanisms through which metabolic syndrome contributes to pulmonary vascular dysfunction and exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Restoring NFYA-sGC beta 1-cGMP signaling can ameliorate EIPH.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Joseph C. Galley, Megan P. Miller, Subramaniam Sanker, Mingjun Liu, Iraida Sharina, Emil Martin, Delphine Gomez, Adam C. Straub
Summary: This study identifies Forkhead box subclass O protein 4 (FoxO4) as a key transcriptional regulator of GUCY1B3 expression, coding for sGC13 protein in human and animal smooth muscle cells (SMCs). This discovery may have important implications for future antihypertensive and vasodilatory therapies targeting NO production, sGC, or FoxO transcription factors.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara E. Lewis, Courtney B. Rosencrance, Evan De Vallance, Andrew Giromini, Xena M. Williams, Joo-Yeun Oh, Heidi Schmidt, Adam C. Straub, Paul D. Chantler, Rakesh P. Patel, Eric E. Kelley
Summary: Research indicates that XOR does not contribute to nitrite reduction in human and rodent erythrocytes, suggesting a need to validate immuno-detectable XOR by demonstrating enzymatic activity.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Atinuke Aramide Modupe Dosunmu-Ogunbi, Joseph C. Galley, Shuai Yuan, Heidi M. Schmidt, Katherine C. Wood, Adam C. Straub
Summary: Arterial resistance vasculature modulates blood pressure and flow to match oxygen delivery to tissue metabolic demand through highly orchestrated cell-cell communication mechanisms. Recent discoveries of redox switches in resistance arteries control the compartmentalization and diffusion of nitric oxide signaling.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Brittany G. Durgin, Katherine C. Wood, Scott A. Hahn, Brenda McMahon, Jeffrey J. Baust, Adam C. Straub
Summary: The study demonstrates that under chronic hypoxia conditions, SMC CYB5R3 deficiency exacerbates bilateral ventricular hypertrophy and impairs NO-dependent vasodilation, suggesting potential early cardiac remodeling and functional changes in response to hypoxic stress.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Irina Zabbarova, Youko Ikeda, Mark G. Kozlowski, Pradeep Tyagi, Lori A. Birder, Basu Chakrabarty, Subashan K. P. G. Perera, Rajiv Dhir, Adam C. Straub, Peter Sandner, Karl-Erik Andersson, Marcus J. Drake, Christopher H. Fry, Anthony J. Kanai
Summary: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition in aging males, often accompanied by bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Current therapies are not effective for all patients, leading to the investigation of sGC activator cinaciguat as a potential treatment option to alleviate these symptoms and improve bladder function.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adam C. Straub, Annie Beuve
Summary: sGC is the main receptor for NO, catalyzing the production of cGMP to induce vasorelaxation and inhibit leukocyte and platelet aggregation. Enhancing cGMP levels or inhibiting cGMP breakdown can be used for the treatment of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases.
NITRIC OXIDE-BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuai Yuan, Scott A. Hahn, Megan P. Miller, Subramaniam Sanker, Michael J. Calderon, Mara Sullivan, Atinuke M. Dosunmu-Ogunbi, Marco Fazzari, Yao Li, Michael Reynolds, Katherine C. Wood, Claudette M. St Croix, Donna Stolz, Eugenia Cifuentes-Pagano, Placido Navas, Sruti Shiva, Francisco J. Schopfer, Patrick J. Pagano, Adam C. Straub
Summary: The study demonstrates that CYB5R3 assists in NOX4-dependent H2O2 generation via CoQ, mitigating endothelial inflammatory activation. Knockout of CYB5R3 led to endothelial dysfunction in mice and enhanced VCAM-1 expression, which was alleviated by silencing NOX4. Overall, these findings suggest a regulatory role of CYB5R3 in endothelial inflammation through interaction with NOX4 and CoQ.
Article
Cell Biology
Aaron Kolski-Andreaco, Corina M. Balut, Claudia A. Bertuccio, Annette S. Wilson, William M. Rivers, Xiaoning Liu, Robin E. Gandley, Adam C. Straub, Michael B. Butterworth, David Binion, Daniel C. Devor
Summary: The study found that histone deacetylase inhibitors can increase the expression of small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels in endothelial cells, which may partially account for the mechanism by which histone deacetylase inhibitors induce vasorelaxation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Timothy M. Sveeggen, Brant E. Isakson, Adam C. Straub, Pooneh Bagher
Summary: Rodent husbandry requires considering environmental factors that affect colony performance and physiological studies. Corncob bedding may have negative impacts on organ systems, fasting blood glucose, and vascular function in mice. This study highlights the importance of considering bedding type in animal research and improves reproducibility of results.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)