Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Renata Menozzi, Filippo Valoriani, Roberto Ballarin, Luca Alemanno, Martina Vinciguerra, Riccardo Barbieri, Riccardo Cuoghi Costantini, Roberto D'Amico, Pietro Torricelli, Annarita Pecchi
Summary: Pancreatic surgery is associated with postoperative complications, mortality, and prolonged hospital stay. The impact of poor preoperative nutritional status and muscle wasting on postoperative outcomes in pancreatic surgery remains unclear and controversial.
Article
Cell Biology
Wulf Hildebrandt, Jan Keck, Simon Schmich, Gabriel A. Bonaterra, Beate Wilhelm, Hans Schwarzbach, Anna Eva, Mirjam Bertoune, Emily P. Slater, Volker Fendrich, Ralf Kinscherf
Summary: Skeletal muscle wasting is a significant issue in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and this study aimed to identify the factors responsible for muscle wasting. The researchers found that muscle wasting was associated with PDAC development and local inflammation, without affecting microcirculation, innervation, or mitochondria. Surprisingly, markers of inflammation, protein hydrolysis, and increased amino acid and glutathione levels were also detected in mice with precancerous lesions.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Naomi Nakayama, Kentaro Nakayama, Tomoka Ishibashi, Satoru Katayama, Satoru Kyo
Summary: This study aimed to clarify the impact of muscle loss during cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy on prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. The results showed that muscle loss, but not fat loss, was associated with worse disease-free survival and overall survival in ovarian cancer.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Young-Sool Hah, Won Keong Lee, Seung-Jun Lee, Sang Yeob Lee, Jin-Hee Seo, Eun Ji Kim, Yeong-In Choe, Sang Gon Kim, Jun-Il Yoo
Summary: One of the causes of sarcopenia is disruption of homeostasis in muscle metabolism, and rutin has shown potential in preventing muscle loss associated with aging. This study evaluated the effect of rutin on muscle loss using cell and mouse models, and found that rutin treatment increased muscle weight and inhibited the expression of protein markers associated with muscle catabolism. These findings suggest that rutin could be a potential agent for treating muscle loss and preventing sarcopenia.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Han Gyul Yoon, Dongryul Oh, Jae Myoung Noh, Won Kyung Cho, Jong-Mu Sun, Hong Kwan Kim, Jae Ill Zo, Young Mog Shim, Kyunga Kim
Summary: This study successfully predicted excessive muscle loss following NACRT in esophageal cancer patients using machine learning models based on body mass index and blood laboratory test results, without the need for CT images.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Stavroula Chaloulakou, Kalliopi Anna Poulia, Dimitrios Karayiannis
Summary: Due to various stressors in the space environment, astronauts experience pathophysiological changes. Nutrition plays a crucial role in mitigating these changes.
Article
Oncology
Victoria Salati, Katerina Mandralis, Fabio Becce, Joachim Koerfer, Karma Lambercy, Christian Simon, Francois Gorostidi
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of preoperative skeletal muscle mass depletion on postoperative clinical outcomes and survival in patients who underwent total laryngectomy for cancer. However, it was found that CT-based skeletal muscle mass depletion alone did not have a significant association with postoperative outcomes or overall survival.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kyungmi Yang, Dongryul Oh, Jae Myoung Noh, Han Gyul Yoon, Jong-Mu Sun, Hong Kwan Kim, Jae Ill Zo, Young Mog Shim, Hyunyoung Ko, Jungeun Lee, Youngin Kim
Summary: The study tested the feasibility of a health coaching mobile app for preventing malnutrition and muscle loss in esophageal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Results showed that the app helped with nutritional self-care but did not fully prevent muscle loss, suggesting that an individualized care model combining exercise and nutritional support may be needed.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pengbin Yin, Ming Chen, Man Rao, Yuan Lin, Mingming Zhang, Ren Xu, Xueda Hu, Ruijing Chen, Wei Chai, Xiang Huang, Haikuan Yu, Yao Yao, Yali Zhao, Yi Li, Licheng Zhang, Peifu Tang
Summary: This study reveals the presence of lipid-associated macrophages and pro-inflammatory CD4+ T cells in the aging process of muscles and bones. The findings also suggest that exosomes produced by degenerated myocytes can communicate with Th17 cells in the bone, leading to the upregulation of aging-related genes. Overall, this study provides important insights into the synchronized aging of muscles and bones.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Huan-Huan Zhou, Yuxiao Liao, Zhao Peng, Fang Liu, Qi Wang, Wei Yang
Summary: This study examines the relationship between muscle wasting and mortality risk, finding that muscle wasting is associated with higher risks of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, cancer mortality, and respiratory disease mortality. Early detection and treatment of muscle wasting may be crucial for reducing mortality risk and promoting healthy longevity.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Moon Hyung Choi, Seung Bae Yoon
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a challenging disease with a poor prognosis, and malnutrition with muscle wasting is common among patients. Muscle wasting not only increases the risk of postoperative complications, but also decreases the recurrence-free and overall survival. In addition, muscle wasting can intensify chemotherapy-induced toxicities and worsen the quality of life and survival. Further studies are needed to confirm the prognostic role of muscle wasting and the effects of multimodal interventions in patients with pancreatic cancer.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yuan-Yuei Chen, Yi-Lin Chiu, Tung-Wei Kao, Tao-Chun Peng, Hui-Fang Yang, Wei-Liang Chen
Summary: Our study highlights that P3NP, HtrA, and apelin are useful for diagnosis of sarcopenia in the clinical setting.
Article
Oncology
Ping'an Ding, Peigang Yang, Li Yang, Chenyu Sun, Shuya Chen, Min Li, Scott Lowe, Honghai Guo, Yuan Tian, Yang Liu, Qun Zhao
Summary: This study found that sarcopenia and skeletal muscle loss are closely related to the efficacy of conversion therapy, tumor response, and survival in patients with lavage cytology positive gastric cancer.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amutha Ramadas, Hian Hui Law, Raanita Krishnamoorthy, Jordan Wei Shan Ku, Parimala Mohanty, Matteus Zhen Chien Lim, Sangeetha Shyam
Summary: Sarcopenia, characterized by loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical performance, is commonly associated with aging and can lead to physical disability and higher mortality in older adults. Diet quality has been identified as a potentially modifiable risk factor for sarcopenia. However, the association between diet quality and sarcopenia in developing economies appears to be conflicting. A systematic review of literature from developing economies found inconsistent results, but overall, a positive association was observed between diet quality and components of sarcopenia.
Review
Cell Biology
Dylan Wilburn, Ahmed Ismaeel, Steven Machek, Emma Fletcher, Panagiotis Koutakis
Summary: Maintaining skeletal muscle mass and function involves a delicate balance between anabolism and catabolism, which can be disrupted in different pathological conditions. This paper discusses the specific intracellular signaling events that regulate muscle protein atrophy in various clinical occurrences. Each pathology has unique mechanisms that contribute to muscle loss, providing researchers and clinicians with specific targets for developing more effective medical treatments and interventions.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Debora Basile, Gerardo Rosati, Francesca Bergamo, Silvio Ken Garattini, Maria Banzi, Maria Zampino, Silvia Bozzarelli, Paolo Marchetti, Fabio Galli, Francesca Galli, Raffaella Longarini, Alberto Zaniboni, Daris Ferrari, Sabino De Placido, Luca Giovanni Frassineti, Mario Nicolini, Saverio Cinieri, Michele Priscindiaro, Pina Ziranu, Riccardo Caccialanza, Alessandro Pastorino, Stefania Mosconi, Giuseppe Aprile
Summary: In this study, obesity with a BMI > 30 kg/m2 was identified as an independent prognostic factor for relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in colon cancer patients.
CLINICAL COLORECTAL CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Mattia Garutti, Melissa Bergnach, Jerry Polesel, Lorenza Palmero, Maria Antonietta Pizzichetta, Fabio Puglisi
Summary: To date, the combination of BRAF and MEK inhibitors is commonly used for the treatment of mutated BRAF metastatic melanoma. However, there is no evidence to support the superiority of one combination over others, and safety data is limited. In this meta-analysis, we evaluated the adverse events associated with each treatment combination to provide clinicians with information for tailored patient treatment.
Article
Oncology
Camilla Lisanti, Debora Basile, Silvio Ken Garattini, Annamaria Parnofiello, Carla Corvaja, Francesco Cortiula, Elisa Bertoli, Elena Ongaro, Luisa Foltran, Mariaelena Casagrande, Paola Di Nardo, Giovanni Gerardo Cardellino, Gianpiero Fasola, Angela Buonadonna, Nicoletta Pella, Giuseppe Aprile, Fabio Puglisi
Summary: Recent evidence suggests the important role of immune system and cancer cells crosstalk. Gender-related immune system composition may affect immune response, chemotherapy and immunotherapy efficacy, and risk of immune-related adverse events. This study found that high monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) is an unfavorable independent prognostic factor in males and females with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Article
Oncology
Whitney L. Hensing, Lorenzo Gerratana, Katherine Clifton, Arielle J. Medford, Marko Velimirovic, Ami N. Shah, Paolo D'Amico, Carolina Reduzzi, Qiang Zhang, Charles S. Dai, Elyssa N. Denault, Nusayba A. Bagegni, Mateusz Opyrchal, Foluso O. Ademuyiwa, Ron Bose, Amir Behdad, Cynthia X. Ma, Aditya Bardia, Massimo Cristofanilli, Andrew A. Davis
Summary: In this study, the authors analyzed the genetic alterations in circulating tumor DNA of patients with HER2-low metastatic breast cancer. They found a higher rate of PIK3CA mutations in HER2-low patients, but no significant differences in ERBB2 alterations, oncogenic pathways, or prognosis compared to HER2-0 patients. These findings suggest that HER2-low breast cancer does not represent a distinct biological subtype.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Francesco Cortiula, Dirk De Ruysscher, Michelle Steens, Robin Wijsman, Anthonie van der Wekken, Martina Alberti, Lizza E. L. Hendriks
Summary: Adjuvant durvalumab is the standard treatment for stage III unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients without progression after chemo-radiation. Patients with EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangements do not benefit from durvalumab. This retrospective study showed that patients with uncommon driver genomic alterations (dGA), including KRAS mutations, had a meaningful survival benefit from adjuvant durvalumab.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Elisabeth S. Bergen, Lorenzo Pilla, Edouard Auclin, Ayseguel Ilhan-Mutlu, Gerald W. Prager, Filippo Pietrantonio, Maria Antista, Filippo Ghelardi, Debora Basile, Giuseppe Aprile, Raffaella Longarini, Vincent Hautefeuille, David Tougeron, Pascal Artru, May Mabro, Antoine Drouillard, Gael Roth, Meher Ben Abdelghani, Ines Clement, Clemence Toullec, Laurent Mineur, Rosine Guimbaud, Julien Taieb, Aziz Zaanan
Summary: The optimal treatment strategy after first-line induction therapy in advanced HER2-positive oeso-gastric adenocarcinoma remains challenging. This study showed that there was no additional benefit of adding fluoropyrimidine to trastuzumab monotherapy as a maintenance treatment. Reintroduction of initial therapy at first progression may be a feasible approach to prolong survival.
Article
Oncology
Lucia Musacchio, Margherita Turinetto, Laura Arenare, Michele Bartoletti, Daniela Califano, Valentina Tuninetti, Claudia Marchetti, Gennaro Cormio, Vera Loizzi, Carmela Pisano, Vanda Salutari, Giorgio Valabrega, Domenico Priolo, Sabrina Chiara Cecere, Jole Ventriglia, Francesco Raspagliesi, Francesco Perrone, Anna Fagotti, Domenica Lorusso, Giovanni Scambia, Sandro Pignata
Summary: The study aimed to explore the efficacy of Bevacizumab (Bev) in the treatment of advanced low grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) in both first-line and recurrent settings. The results showed that Bev combined with chemotherapy significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) in LGSOC patients compared to chemotherapy alone, both in first-line and recurrent treatments. These findings suggest that Bev may be an effective treatment option for LGSOC.
GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Haiyan Zeng, Fariba Tohidinezhad, Dirk K. M. De Ruysscher, Yves C. P. Willems, Juliette H. R. J. Degens, Vivian E. M. van van den Boogaart, Cordula Pitz, Francesco Cortiula, Lloyd Brandts, Lizza E. L. Hendriks, Alberto Traverso
Summary: Clinical risk factors, including age, NSCLC subtype, and GTVn, were identified as significant predictors for brain metastases (BM) development. Radiomics features measuring tumor heterogeneity were found to be the most relevant. The GTVn radiomics model showed the best performance in predicting BM.
Letter
Oncology
Rossana Roncato, Fabio Puglisi, Lorenzo Gerratana
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
F. Cortiula, J. Naidoo
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Andrea D'Arienzo, Annarita Verrazzo, Martina Pagliuca, Fabiana Napolitano, Sara Parola, Martina Viggiani, Roberta Caputo, Fabio Puglisi, Mario Giuliano, Lucia Del Mastro, Grazia Arpino, Michelino De Laurentiis, Filippo Montemurro
Summary: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a new and evolving class of antineoplastic agents that deliver cytotoxic compounds at the tumor site, reducing systemic exposure and toxicity. Although generally well tolerated, they can cause predictable adverse reactions such as neutropenia, nausea and vomiting, alopecia, diarrhea, left ventricular dysfunction, and ILD/pneumonitis. This review provides updated evidence on the toxicities of ADCs used in breast cancer treatment and proposes monitoring protocols and clinical management strategies to prevent or promptly address these problems.
Article
Oncology
Lorenzo Gerratana, Masha Kocherginsky, Andrew A. Davis, Paolo D'Amico, Carolina Reduzzi, Fabio Puglisi, Massimo Cristofanilli
Summary: This study analyzed the stratification of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) using machine learning in breast cancer patients, explored factors associated with prognosis, and found a correlation between predicted CTCs and treatment effect, highlighting the importance of biomarker analysis in biomarker-driven drug development.
Article
Oncology
Lorenzo Gerratana, Andrew A. Davis, Marko Velimirovic, Katherine Clifton, Whitney L. Hensing, Ami N. Shah, Charles S. Dai, Carolina Reduzzi, Paolo D'Amico, Firas Wehbe, Arielle Medford, Seth A. Wander, William J. Gradishar, Amir Behdad, Fabio Puglisi, Cynthia X. Ma, Aditya Bardia, Massimo Cristofanilli
Summary: This study analyzed a multi-institutional cohort of 703 patients with luminal-like MBC and found differential patterns of associations for ESR1 and PIK3CA codon variants in terms of pathway alterations, metastatic dissemination, and prognosis.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Gianpiero Fasola, Maria C. Barducci, Giacomo Pelizzari, Francesco Grossi, Carmine Pinto, Bruno Daniele, Monica Giordano, Cinzia Ortega, Rosa Rita Silva, Valeria D. Tozzi, Luigi Cavanna, Giuseppe Aprile
Summary: The implementation of precision oncology in Italy is uneven, which may affect equal access to innovative therapies for patients. The survey results can serve as a starting point for outlining best practices and offering shared recommendations for the implementation of precision oncology in current clinical practice.