Article
Economics
Katja Heinisch, Oliver Holtemoeller, Christoph Schult
Summary: The study suggests that coal phase-out in Germany may lead to negative impacts on the employment rate, especially in lignite regions. However, a faster coal phase-out plan could contribute to a quicker economic recovery.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luan Amaral Pinheiro de Faria, Agnaldo Silva Martins, Josiele Alves Pereira
Summary: This study focused on crab predation on green turtle nests in Trindade Island, revealing an average loss of 3 eggs per nest and the highest predation risk occurring from 0:00 to 3:00. The estimated impact of predation on eggs due to crabs was approximately 21,600 eggs per reproductive season.
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Weijiong Chen, Clara Neerup Breio, Freek Massee, Milan P. Allan, Cedomir Petrovic, J. C. Seamus Davis, Peter J. Hirschfeld, Brian M. Andersen, Andreas Kreisel
Summary: The authors used scanning tunneling microscopy to detect the orbital order in the superconductor CeCoIn5, which is enhanced in the superconducting state as predicted. Visualization of atomic-orbital degrees of freedom is a challenge in scanned microscopy. Sublattice-resolved superconductive QPI techniques represent a new approach for studying hidden orbital order.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Bryn Pickering, Ruchi Choudhary
Summary: This paper explores a novel workflow to quantitatively measure increases in system resilience, demonstrating through a case study in Bangalore that scenario optimization can significantly improve system resilience. It highlights the inability of systems designed for demand uncertainty to handle extreme shocks from interruptions, as well as the importance of reducing grid dependence to address shock-induced instability. Additionally, a new approach balancing cost, CO2 emissions, and system resilience is identified through out-of-sample testing, emphasizing the necessity for such testing in energy system modeling.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Dominic J. Skinner, Boya Song, Hannah Jeckel, Eric Jelli, Knut Drescher, Joern Dunkel
Summary: Recent advances in microscopy techniques allow for studying complex biophysical systems at single-cell resolution, distinguishing structurally different cellular materials through a topological earth mover's (TEM) distance, and revealing a topological optimal transport problem in fruit fly wing development.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yuanjian Zheng, Anshul D. S. Parmar, Massimo Pica Ciamarra
Summary: The study demonstrates the existence of hidden order beyond hyperuniformity in complex disordered systems, which is manifested through higher moments of the probability distribution of local density and extends to longer length scales at a faster divergence rate near the critical point.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rivi J. Ratnaweera, Freddy A. Rodriguez Ortiz, Nicholas J. Gripp, Matthew T. Sheldon
Summary: This study investigates the dynamic alignment of colloidal CdSe/CdS nanorods in the presence of AC electric fields. The results identify two scales of interaction that lead to the field-driven optical response: the spontaneous self-assembly of the nanorods into structures with increased optical anisotropy at the mesoscale, and the macroscopic ordering of the nanorod assemblies along the direction of the applied AC field. The alignment of the nanorod ensembles improves with increasing nanorod concentration, indicating that mesoscale assembly facilitates the field-driven alignment.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Scheherzad Alvi, Daniel A. Singleton
Summary: Observable selectivity can reveal hidden kinetic mechanisms in reaction pathways, as demonstrated in the oxidation of 1-methylcyclobutanol by phthaloyl peroxide/Bu4N+Br-. This new mechanistic probe supports a hypobromite chain mechanism instead of the previously proposed hydrogen atom transfer mechanism.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sreekar Voleti, Koushik Pradhan, Subhro Bhattacharjee, Tanusri Saha-Dasgupta, Arun Paramekanti
Summary: In this study, the dual influence of impurity probes in cubic osmate double perovskites was explored. The impurities were found to induce local strain fields, suppressing the octupolar order while exposing the hidden order parameter. This work provides important implications for uncovering hidden order in diverse multipolar materials.
NPJ QUANTUM MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Maria de Jesus Martinez-Lopez, Jose Luis Arauz-Lara
Summary: The motion of colloidal species on an out-of-thermal equilibrium surface was experimentally studied using optical microscopy. Water droplets of submicrometer sizes, spontaneously formed at the interface between water and oil, were observed to move and grow without showing anomalous diffusion.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Junjie Wei, Dun Han
Summary: Cooperation is common in human and animal societies, but the driving forces behind cooperation are still an open question. Evolutionary game theory and network science offer new research perspectives for cooperative behavior, which need to be further explored from aspects such as network topology and individual strategy updating rules.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jung-Hwa Kim, Darren C. Peets, Manfred Reehuis, Peter Adler, Andrey Maljuk, Tobias Ritschel, Morgan C. Allison, Jochen Geck, Jose R. L. Mardegan, Pablo J. Bereciartua Perez, Sonia Francoual, Andrew C. Walters, Thomas Keller, Paula M. Abdala, Philip Pattison, Pinder Dosanjh, Bernhard Keimer
Summary: Researchers have discovered checkerboard charge order in the FeO2 planes using neutron Larmor diffraction and Fe K-edge resonant x-ray scattering, which disappears at temperatures above 332 K. Stacking disorder of the checkerboard pattern leads to broader superstructure reflections and reduced amplitudes.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tianci Zhou, Brian Swingle
Summary: In chaotic many-body systems, scrambling or operator growth can be diagnosed by out-of-time-order correlators of local operators. We demonstrate that the growth of operators can also be observed in the out-of-time-order correlators of global operators. The characteristic spacetime shape of growing local operators can be accessed through global measurements without local control or readout. Based on a conjectured phase diagram for operator growth in chaotic systems with power-law interactions, we find that existing nuclear spin data for out-of-time-order correlators of global operators fit well with our theory. We also predict the observation of super-polynomial operator growth in dipolar systems in 3D and discuss its potential detection in future experiments with nuclear spins and ultra-cold polar molecules.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Viliam Vano, Somesh Chandra Ganguli, Mohammad Amini, Linghao Yan, Maryam Khosravian, Guangze Chen, Shawulienu Kezilebieke, Jose L. Lado, Peter Liljeroth
Summary: Unconventional superconductors, particularly nodal superconductors, have been a focus in modern quantum materials research. This study demonstrates the existence of nodal superconductivity in pristine monolayer 1H-TaS2 using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) experiments. It is also found that non-magnetic disorder can drive the nodal state to a conventional gapped s-wave state, and many-body excitations emerge near the gap edge, indicating a potential unconventional pairing mechanism.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Natalie Ann Lozano-Huntelman, April Zhou, Elif Tekin, Mauricio Cruz-Loya, Bjorn Ostman, Sada Boyd, Van M. Savage, Pamela Yeh
Summary: The rapid rise of multi-drug resistant bacteria has highlighted the importance of multi-drug combination treatments, but some combinations can actually result in bacteria growing faster than when treated with a single drug. This study found that the majority of drug combinations examined contained hidden suppression effects, emphasizing the need to understand higher-order interactions for predicting antibiotic resistance evolution under multi-drug treatments.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andrew J. Ballard, Stefano Martiniani, Jacob D. Stevenson, Sandeep Somani, David J. Wales
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE
(2015)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Stefano Martiniani, K. Julian Schrenk, Kabir Ramola, Bulbul Chakraborty, Daan Frenkel
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Andrew J. Ballard, Ritankar Das, Stefano Martiniani, Dhagash Mehta, Levent Sagun, Jacob D. Stevenson, David J. Wales
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daan Frenkel, K. Julian Schrenk, Stefano Martiniani
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Caryl E. Richards, Assaf Y. Anderson, Stefano Martiniani, ChunHung Law, Brian C. O'Regan
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2012)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Claudio Magistris, Stefano Martiniani, Nadia Barbero, Jinhyung Park, Caterina Benzi, Assaf Anderson, ChunHung Law, Claudia Barolo, Brian O'Regan
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Stefano Martiniani, Jacob D. Stevenson, David J. Wales, Daan Frenkel
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Stefano Martiniani, Yuval Lemberg, Paul M. Chaikin, Dov Levine
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander W. Golinski, Katelynn M. Mischler, Sidharth Laxminarayan, Nicole L. Neurock, Matthew Fossing, Hannah Pichman, Stefano Martiniani, Benjamin J. Hackel
Summary: The study focused on predicting protein expression performance through high-throughput developability assessment to enhance the commercial potential of proteins. Results showed that accurate prediction of protein expression performance and identification of mutations with enhanced developability can be achieved through deep sequencing and machine learning models.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Carmine Anzivino, Mathias Casiulis, Tom Zhang, Amgad Salah Moussa, Stefano Martiniani, Alessio Zaccone
Summary: We investigate the density dependence of the kissing number for numerically generated jammed states by analogizing the crowding in fluid and jammed phases of hard spheres. We extend this analogy to mixtures of hard spheres in three dimensions and estimate the random close packing volume fraction, phi(RCP), for different size polydispersities. Our predictions and simulations on binary systems agree with previous studies and experimental results. We find that phi(RCP) increases with the relative standard deviation of size distributions and saturates below 1. A closed-form expression for phi(RCP) captures a distribution-independent regime for small skewness of size distributions.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Sunghan Ro, Buming Guo, Aaron Shih, Trung Phan, Robert H. Austin, Dov Levine, Paul M. Chaikin, Stefano Martiniani
Summary: This study introduces a measure of local entropy production and establishes a connection between entropy production and extractability of work in systems with many degrees of freedom.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
A. Cavagna, P. M. Chaikin, D. Levine, S. Martiniani, A. Puglisi, M. Viale
Summary: Collective behavior displays a rich combination of different kinds of order, making it difficult to define phases clearly. Compression-based entropies, such as computable information density, have proven useful in describing different phases of out-of-equilibrium systems. These entropies can be effective tools in distinguishing various noise regimes and transitions between different phases, even when certain parameters are not explicitly used.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Stefano Martiniani, K. Julian Schrenk, Jacob D. Stevenson, David J. Wales, Daan Frenkel
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Stefano Martiniani, K. Julian Schrenk, Jacob D. Stevenson, David J. Wales, Daan Frenkel