Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Federica Scucchia, Assaf Malik, Hollie M. Putnam, Tali Mass
Summary: The study found that mesophotic and shallow S. pistillata corals are genetically distinct and possess different symbiont types, with the former showing a greater capacity to cope with ocean acidification. Mesophotic corals were able to maintain unaltered metabolic rates under exposure to acidification conditions, showcasing their resilience to future OA challenges. Additionally, enhanced symbiont photochemical efficiency under high pCO(2) levels in mesophotic corals could contribute to preventing acidosis of host cells and supporting greater energy availability.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Valerio Isa, Francesco Saliu, Chiara Bises, Sara Vencato, Clarissa Raguso, Simone Montano, Marina Lasagni, Silvia Lavorano, Massimiliano Clemenza, Paolo Galli
Summary: The bioconcentration of phthalates in soft corals showed significant differences among the surveyed species, with long chain phthalates having lower bioconcentration factors and short chain phthalates having higher bioconcentration factors. The presence of phthalic acid monoesters indicated species-specific metabolic transformation involving DEHP among the surveyed soft coral species.
Article
Limnology
Christine Ferrier-Pages, Vanessa Bednarz, Renaud Grover, Yehuda Benayahu, Jean-Francois Maguer, Cecile Rottier, Joerg Wiedenmann, Maoz Fine
Summary: This study examined the photosynthesis rates and assimilation rates of dissolved inorganic carbon and nitrogen in mesophotic coral ecosystems, revealing limited autotrophic capacities in soft coral symbionts at mid-lower depths. Nitrogen limitation and high carbon to nitrogen ratios in host tissues of certain soft coral species may contribute to their scarcity in deeper waters compared to shallow reefs. Overall, nitrogen availability appears to be significant for the distribution of the Cnidarian- Symbiodiniaceae association in mesophotic depths.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Or Ben-Zvi, Daniel Wangpraseurt, Omri Bronstein, Gal Eyal, Yossi Loya
Summary: Mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) are light-dependent coral associated communities found at depths of 30-150 meters. Corals inhabiting these deeper reefs are acclimatized to limited and blue-shifted light conditions. Research on two mesophotic coral species showed minor differences in the photosynthetic abilities of different fluorescence morphs, with no evidence supporting the enhancement of photosynthesis through wavelength transformation.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katharine E. Prata, Cynthia Riginos, Ryan N. Gutenkunst, Kelly R. W. Latijnhouwers, Juan A. Sanchez, Norbert Englebert, Kyra B. Hay, Pim Bongaerts
Summary: Research has found that there is no genetic structure among certain species in mesophotic coral ecosystems and there are hidden cryptic taxa. High gene flow suggests the possibility of connectivity and replenishment among these species. The study also suggests that environmental selection along shallow to mesophotic depth gradients may drive divergence in certain depth-generalist species. The research highlights the importance of gene flow in connecting different taxa within this relatively diverse Caribbean genus.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Erika Gress, Muslimin Kaimuddin
Summary: Despite limited documentation of threats affecting antipatharian corals, sea anemones and zoanthids may pose a widespread threat. Urgent investigation is needed to understand the causes and long-term effects of this phenomenon.
MARINE BIODIVERSITY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Michael P. Lesser, Curtis D. Mobley, John D. Hedley, Marc Slattery
Summary: Mesophotic coral reefs are structured by changes in the underwater light field and reef topography, which significantly influence coral distribution and abundance. Model results show that different coral morphologies receive varying incident irradiances, but actual depth-dependent distributions may be influenced by factors such as the cost of calcification. Irradiance-driven patterns are a strong proximate cause for observed differences in mesophotic communities on sloping versus vertical reef substrates.
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jue Alef A. Lalas, Yehuda Benayahu, Maria Vanessa Baria-Rodriguez
Summary: Soft corals in the Philippines have been understudied, with their distribution and community structure being significantly influenced by environmental parameters. Variations in soft coral distribution under different environmental conditions and the health status of coral communities warrant further investigation.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xin Wang, Didier Zoccola, Yi Jin Liew, Eric Tambutte, Guoxin Cui, Denis Allemand, Sylvie Tambutte, Manuel Aranda
Summary: The study suggests that scleractinian corals likely acquired the ability to calcify between approximately 308 and 265 million years ago through lineage-specific gene duplications and the co-option of existing genes. The evolution of coral calcification did not require extensive changes, but rather a few coral-specific gene duplications and gradual optimizations of ancestral proteins.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
David J. Hughes, James Alexander, Gary Cobbs, Michael Kuehl, Chris Cooney, Mathieu Pernice, Deepa Varkey, Christian R. Voolstra, David J. Suggett
Summary: This study reveals that corals have the ability to regulate their oxygen levels in response to declining oxygen pressure. Different coral species show varying levels of regulation, with some being able to regulate even at extremely low oxygen levels.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amy Carmignani, Veronica Z. Radice, Kathryn M. McMahon, Alex I. Holman, Karen Miller, Kliti Grice, Zoe Richards
Summary: This study investigated the trophic ecology of mesophotic corals using stable isotope analyses and found species-specific differences in resource use. Some species demonstrated the ability to maintain metabolic processes under extremely low light conditions, challenging our understanding of acclimation limits for most coral species. This research provides valuable insights into coral ecosystems and deep-sea ecology.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Netanel Kramer, Raz Tamir, Or Ben-Zvi, Steven L. Jacques, Yossi Loya, Daniel Wangpraseurt
Summary: The study found that the optical traits of coral skeletons are adjusted to ambient light conditions and contribute to the microalgal demands for sufficient light, resulting in a spatially efficient photosymbiotic system. Mesophotic corals absorbed up to three times more light than shallow corals, showcasing excellent photosynthetic response under low light conditions. The enhanced light-harvesting capacity of mesophotic corals was achieved by redistributing light through optical scattering in the coral skeleton.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tuo Shi, Gaofeng Niu, Hagit Kvitt, Xinqing Zheng, Qiaoyun Qin, Danye Sun, Zhiliang Ji, Dan Tchernov
Summary: Symbiodiniaceae, a type of typical endosymbionts, play a crucial role in mediating coral responses to environmental changes as photosynthetic dinoflagellates. Analysis of the ITS2 sequences can determine the diversity of Symbiodiniaceae, but caution is needed to avoid confusion with adjacent rRNA sequences. A database has been established containing a large number of definitive genotype and secondary structure Symbiodiniaceae ITS2 sequences, providing an important reference for further research.
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anderson B. Mayfield, Catalina Aguilar, Graham Kolodziej, Ian C. Enochs, Derek P. Manzello
Summary: This study examined the proteomic responses of inshore reefs of the Upper Florida Keys reef tract and offshore reefs to high temperatures. Proteomic signatures varied significantly across temperatures, host genotypes, and Symbiodiniaceae assemblages.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Zoology
Yi-Kai Tea, Ahmed Najeeb, Joseph Rowlett, Luiz A. Rocha
Summary: Cirrhilabrus rubrisquamis is redescribed based on a juvenile holotype and compared to other known species. The study identified differences in material collected from the Maldives, which led to the description of a new species, Cirrhilabrus finifenmaa sp. nov. The new species is distinguished by its coloration and scale counts, and its relationship with Cirrhilabrus wakanda from Tanzania is briefly discussed.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zora Jandric, Anastassiya Tchaikovsky, Andreas Zitek, Tim Causon, Vaclav Stursa, Thomas Prohaska, Stephan Hann
Summary: This exploratory study verified the regional geographical origin of carrots from specific production regions in Austria by combining chemical fingerprinting methods, achieving a predictive ability of 97% or better through the use of data fusion strategies. The chemometric classification models were able to efficiently and correctly differentiate carrot samples grown in different regions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anika Retzmann, Dorothy Walls, Kerri Miller, Michael Wieser, Johanna Irrgeher, Thomas Prohaska
Summary: The study has optimized the Ca isotope separation procedure, conducted real-time online analysis using ICP-MS, successfully utilized Mn and Co as standard substances to monitor signal suppression, and implemented a dynamic correction strategy.
MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
A. Retzmann, D. Walls, K. A. Miller, J. Irrgeher, T. Prohaska, M. E. Wieser
Summary: The application of Ca isotopic analysis in biomedical studies has great potential to identify changes in Ca metabolism and bone metabolism. By employing DGA resin for Ca purification, a double-spike technique, and MC TIMS for analysis, data quality was improved and the potential of the new detection method was confirmed.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Stefan Wagner, Christina Hummel, Jakob Santner, Markus Puschenreiter, Johanna Irrgeher, Walter W. Wenzel, Sergey M. Borisov, Thomas Prohaska
Summary: Visualization and quantification of corrosion processes are crucial for materials research. This paper presents a new approach for 2D spatiotemporal imaging of metal corrosion dynamics. By combining different techniques, the corrosion processes of magnesium alloys were evaluated, and accurate localization and quantification of metal flux were achieved at the microscale.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Shaun T. Lancaster, Thomas Prohaska, Johanna Irrgeher
Summary: This study proposes the use of nitrous oxide (N2O) as a non-corrosive and non-toxic alternative for calcium isotope analysis. Instrument performance testing shows that N2O can achieve equivalent detection limits and background concentrations compared to traditional gases. Further testing with synthetic standards highlights N2O's advantage in separating interferences from potassium and magnesium.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Stefan Wagner, Jakob Santner, Johanna Irrgeher, Markus Puschenreiter, Steffen Happel, Thomas Prohaska
Summary: A method using DGT was developed for accurate quantification of trace-level Sr and Pb concentrations and isotope ratios in soils. The method utilizes a novel PTFE membrane binding layer with high selectivity for Sr and Pb. The study showed that the method performed well under various conditions and selective elution process allowed for purification of Sr and Pb fractions.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Johannes Oehm, Andreas Zitek, Bettina Thalinger, Anastassiya Tchaikovsky, Johanna Irrgeher, Thomas Prohaska, Michael Traugott
Summary: This study used otolith microchemistry analysis to determine the foraging sites and prey sources of piscivorous birds. The results showed that the birds targeted fish from different waterbodies in their breeding and roosting colonies, and they switched among different foraging sites within a day.
JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Prohaska, Johanna Irrgeher, Jacqueline Benefield, John K. Bohlke, Lesley A. Chesson, Tyler B. Coplen, Tiping Ding, Philip J. H. Dunn, Manfred Groning, Norman E. Holden, Harro A. J. Meijer, Heiko Moossen, Antonio Possolo, Yoshio Takahashi, Jochen Vogl, Thomas Walczyk, Jun Wang, Michael E. Wieser, Shigekazu Yoneda, Xiang-Kun Zhu, Juris Meija
Summary: Based on recent determinations of terrestrial isotopic abundances, the CIAAW has changed the values of the standard atomic weights of five elements. The symbol A(r)degrees(E) was selected to differentiate the standard atomic weight of an element from its atomic weight in a specific substance.
PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Johanna Irrgeher, Thomas Berger, Anastassiya Tchaikovsky, Cornelius Tschegg, Ghazaleh Gouya, Peter Lechner, Anika Retzmann, Christine Opper, Christa Firbas, Michael Freissmuth, Kerstin Peschel-Credner, Karolina Anderle, Claudia Meisslitzer, Michael Wolzt, Thomas Prohaska
Summary: This article presents an analysis method for Pb isotope pattern deconvolution using enriched Pb-204 as a tracer to monitor trace levels of Pb within the human body. The method overcomes the limitations of using natural lead as a tracer and allows for the calculation of isotope pattern from measured isotope ratios without knowing the quantities of different isotope sources.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Simone Trimmel, Thomas C. Meisel, Shaun T. Lancaster, Thomas Prohaska, Johanna Irrgeher
Summary: This article analyzed the mass fractions of 48 elements in seven plant certified reference materials using ICP-MS/MS. The focus was on the determination of technology-critical elements (TCEs) and rare-earth elements (REEs). The article aims to provide an optimized measurement procedure for determining the element mass fractions of emerging importance in environmental samples, as well as to improve the characterization of commonly used plant reference materials by providing mass fraction data for rarely studied elements.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Andreas Zitek, Johannes Oehm, Michael Schober, Anastassiya Tchaikovsky, Johanna Irrgeher, Anika Retzmann, Bettina Thalinger, Michael Traugott, Thomas Prohaska
Summary: The potential of otolith microchemistry as a fishery management tool for different European freshwater fish species in an Alpine foreland was assessed in this study. Water samples from 26 habitat sites in a pre alpine catchment region were analyzed to determine the 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios and Sr/Ca ratios, and 246 fish from 16 species were studied to determine the Sr/Ca ratios in otoliths. The study found that otolith microchemistry, when combining the 87Sr/86Sr and Sr/Ca ratios, has great potential to serve as a fishery management tool at smaller spatial scales.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Bernadette Moser, Zora Jandric, Christina Troyer, Lukas Priemetzhofer, Konrad J. Domig, Henry Jaeger, Sabrina P. van den Oever, Helmut K. Mayer, Stephan Hann, Andreas Zitek
Summary: The potential of three different portable near infrared (NIR) spectrometers (TellSpec, SCiO, MicroNIR) to monitor the freshness of organic carp and lake trout fillets was evaluated. Discriminant and class modelling approaches were applied to assess the performance of the NIR handhelds in distinguishing fresh from spoiled fish. The results showed that handheld NIR spectrometers were able to discriminate carp fillets according to freshness with high sensitivity and specificity, while for trout fillets, both classification methods led to lower sensitivity and specificity compared to carp.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Vlatka Filipovic Marijic, Tatjana Mijosek, Zrinka Dragun, Anika Retzmann, Andreas Zitek, Thomas Prohaska, Niko Bacic, Zuzana Redzovic, Ivana Grgic, Nesrete Krasnici, Damir Valic, Damir Kapetanovic, Jakov Zunic, Dusica Ivankovic, Irena Vardic Smrzlic, Marijana Erk
Summary: Although there are already established bioindicator organisms and tissues, this pilot study aimed to find reliable and sensitive bioindicators in aquatic environments. The study found that calcified structures in fish, combined with commonly used fish soft tissues and intestinal parasites, were effective indicators of metal exposure in short- and long-term. Despite differences in metal contents, all applied bioindicators reflected similar environmental conditions, indicating higher levels of most elements in contaminated fish. The study confirmed the sensitivity of the intestinal parasites as bioindicators and highlighted the importance of continuous monitoring and protective actions in the polluted river.
