Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rashid Giniatullin
Summary: 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is considered a key mediator in migraine, but the role of 5-HT3 receptors in pain transmission remains controversial. The applicability of currently available 5-HT3 antagonists in migraine treatment is not clearly supported by clinical data.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Yun Han Kwon, Waliul I. Khan
Summary: This review examines the interactions between serotonin and the gut microbiota, and discusses their importance for intestinal health. Recent studies have shown bidirectional interactions between the host serotonergic system and the gut microbiota, which may have implications for conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nick J. Spencer, Damien J. Keating
Summary: This article discusses the recent findings regarding the functional role of endogenous 5-HT in enterochromaffin cells and enteric neurons in gut motility and other major homeostatic pathways. The advancements in recording techniques and access to genetically modified animals have led to significant changes in our understanding of the role of gut-derived 5-HT. Experimental data suggests that the major patterns of GI motility and transit still occur even without endogenous 5-HT, and 5-HT3 receptor antagonists are more potent in inhibiting GI motility in segments lacking endogenous 5-HT.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ning Liu, Shiqiang Sun, Pengjie Wang, Yanan Sun, Qingjuan Hu, Xiaoyu Wang
Summary: Serotonin, also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), is a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized and secreted by enterochromaffin (EC) cells in the gastrointestinal tract. Gut microbiota, nutrients, and hormones play key roles in regulating 5-HT secretion. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of 5-HT in the immune system can potentially provide therapeutic strategies for treating intestinal diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kelsi N. Dodds, Lee Travis, Melinda A. Kyloh, Lauren A. Jones, Damien J. Keating, Nick J. Spencer
Summary: The interaction between the gastrointestinal tract and brain is important for human health and disease. This study finds that there is no close physical contact between spinal afferent nerves and 5-HT-containing EC cells in the mouse colonic mucosa. This suggests that substances released from colonic EC cells are unlikely to act via synaptic transmission to neighboring spinal afferents.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Nan Nan, Mu-xin Gong, Qi Wang, Mei-jing Li, Rui Xu, Zhe Ma, Si-hui Wang, Hui Zhao, Yong-song Xu
Summary: This study found that Wuzhuyu decoction (WZYD) can effectively relieve hyperalgesia in chronic migraine (CM) model rats by regulating central and peripheral serotonin (5-HT). WZYD increased 5-HT levels in the brainstem and plasma, decreased calcitonin gene-related peptide, and downregulated inflammatory factors and c-fos expression.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Elias B. Nascimento Jr., R. L. Romero, Marcela M. G. B. Dutra, Bernd L. Fiebich, Igor D. G. Duarte, Marcio M. Coelho
Summary: The activation of 5-HT1D and 5-HT7 receptors plays a role in mechanical allodynia induced by 5-HT in mice, while peripheral 5-HT3 receptors have an inhibitory role in the nociceptive response induced by 5-HT or carrageenan.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Haoran Wang, Yanqiu Gu, Rahman Khalid, Xiaofei Chen, Ting Han
Summary: Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that lacks effective therapy and has a negative impact on a person's life. Understanding the targets related to insomnia is crucial in order to develop innovative treatments and compounds. Research on complementary and alternative medicines has shown their sedative and sleep-promoting properties through interaction with neurotransmitter systems in the brain, particularly the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor. This review provides a summary of the role of 5-HT in insomnia development and analyzes the mechanisms of herbal medicines on different subtypes of 5-HT receptors for future reference.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF NATURAL MEDICINES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lijuan Yu, Chunhua Huang, Wei Yang, Zhenxing Ren, Lifeng Li, Huiyuan Cheng, Chengyuan Lin, Lixiang Zhai, Ziwan Ning, Hoileong Xavier Wong, Quanbin Han, Wei Jia, Zhaoxiang Bian, Ling Zhao
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of cinnamon extract on bowel symptoms in rat models of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D). It found that cinnamon extract reduced defecation frequency and visceral hyperalgesia in the rat models, and the efficacy was comparable to a positive drug. Furthermore, cinnamon extract directly inhibited the expression of Tph1 and controlled serotonin synthesis, providing a scientific viewpoint for the traditional use of cinnamon in treating IBS.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ning Ding, Jiaxin Liu, Jianing Liu, Mengmeng Zhao, Lei Liu, Hanwen Liu, Jieke Yan, Wei Song, Jiliang Wen, Shulu Zu, Xiulin Zhang, Yang Xu
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the mediating receptors of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in enhancing human ureteral contractions. The results showed that 5-HT2C and 5-HT2A receptors had the highest mRNA expression levels among the 13 5-HT receptors. Activation of 5-HT2C and 5-HT2A receptors increased the frequency of ureteral contractions, with partial involvement of sympathetic and sensory nerves.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Minjie Wan, Zhanchuan Ma, Jiawen Han, Min Rao, Feng Hu, Pujun Gao, Xiaocong Wang
Summary: The 5-HT/5-HT7R signaling pathway helps to constrain inflammation through functional Bregs in ulcerative colitis.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Jan Terock, Antoine Weihs, Alexander Teumer, Johanna Klinger-Koenig, Deborah Janowitz, Hans J. Grabe
Summary: Previous studies have suggested a connection between childhood trauma, serotonergic neurotransmission, and alexithymia. The study found that childhood trauma and the rs6295 polymorphism have a significant interaction effect on alexithymia in male subjects.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Takeshi Kimura, Takashi Araki, Yuki Komuku, Hisashi Iwami, Fumi Gomi
Summary: The study found that some CSC patients had lower blood serotonin concentrations, which were associated with increased fluorescein leakage points, recurrence of subretinal fluids, and failure to significantly improve BCVA during follow-up.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kate Beecher, Joshua Wang, Fatemeh Chehrehasa, Ronan Depoortere, Mark A. Varney, Adrian Newman-Tancredi, Selena E. Bartlett, Arnauld Belmer
Summary: The consumption of high-sugar food has been linked to the increase in obesity prevalence. A recent study found that chronic sucrose consumption can alter the serotonergic neuroplasticity in the neural circuits involved in feeding control. Specifically, the 5-HT1A receptor subtype plays a role in the regulation of mood, anxiety, and appetite, and may be involved in reversing addiction to substances of abuse. Targeting the 5-HT1A autoreceptors could be an effective therapeutic strategy to combat obesity resulting from overconsumption of high-sugar diet.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aleksandra Grozic, Keaton Coker, Christopher M. Dussik, Marya S. Sabir, Zhela Sabir, Arianna Bradley, Lin Zhang, Jin Park, Steven Yale, Ichiro Kaneko, Maryam Hockley, Lucinda A. Harris, Tisha N. Lunsford, Todd R. Sandrin, Peter W. Jurutka
Summary: This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers and unique gene expression patterns that define the pathological state of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Gene expression profiling of colonic tissue samples from 29 participants, including IBS patients and healthy controls, revealed 858 differentially expressed genes potentially characteristic of IBS. After screening and analysis, seven putative IBS biomarkers, including genes involved in serotonin metabolism, were identified.
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alyce M. Martin
Summary: The transition from postdoc to PI is a challenging process that is filled with a mix of emotions and obstacles. It is crucial to provide support and nurture those who successfully make this transition.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alyce M. Martin, Lauren A. Jones, Lai Wei, Nick J. Spencer, Kenton M. Sanders, Seungil Ro, Damien J. Keating
Summary: This study demonstrates the important role of mucosal 5-HT release in distension-evoked colonic motility. When EC cells are absent, SERT inhibition no longer alters gut motility, indicating that ENS 5-HT does not regulate gut motility.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Anwar Mulugeta, Tesfahun C. Eshetie, Gizat M. Kassie, Daniel Erku, Alemayehu Mekonnen, Amanda Lumsden, Elina Hypponen
Summary: This Mendelian randomization study investigates the causal effect of different metabolically defined adiposity subtypes on osteoarthritis. The results show that metabolically unfavorable and metabolically neutral adiposity are associated with increased odds of osteoarthritis, while the association with metabolically favorable adiposity is less clear. Furthermore, all three metabolically defined adiposity subtypes are associated with increased odds of knee osteoarthritis. Nonlinear analyses suggest a nonlinear relationship between metabolically unfavorable adiposity and osteoarthritis.
ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amanda L. Lumsden, Anwar Mulugeta, Ville-Petteri Makinen, Elina Hypponen
Summary: This study evaluated the associations between metabolic subgroups and biomarkers with brain MRI measures, and found differential associations between metabolism and biomarkers with brain neuroimaging characteristics. These findings may provide insights into the early risk factors associated with dementia.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alyce M. Martin, Michael Roach, Lauren A. Jones, Daniel Thorpe, Rosemary A. Coleman, Caitlin Allman, Robert Edwards, Damien J. Keating
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Muktar Ahmed, Ville-Petteri Makinen, Amanda Lumsden, Terry Boyle, Anwar Mulugeta, Sang Hong Lee, Ian Olver, Elina Hypponen
Summary: Metabolic profiles can predict the incidence of cancer, particularly the risk of obesity-related cancer, hematologic malignancies, and liver cancer. Elevated values from liver tests are strong predictors for later risk of liver cancer.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amanda L. Lumsden, Anwar Mulugeta, Elina Hypponen
Summary: This study assessed the potential causal relationships between milk consumption and 12 types of cancer. The results showed a protective role of milk consumption in colorectal cancer, but a higher risk of breast cancer and premenopausal uterine cancer. Further investigation is needed to confirm these findings.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kitty Pham, Anwar Mulugeta, Amanda Lumsden, Elina Hypponen
Summary: This study explored the associations between LDL lowering and multiple disease outcomes or biomarkers using a Mendelian randomization phenome-wide association study (MR-PheWAS). The results showed genetic evidence supporting the positive and negative effects of LDL-C lowering through all four LDL-C-lowering pathways. Biomarker analyses indicated the effects of LDL-C lowering on lung function and hippocampal volume.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Iqbal Madakkatel, Amanda L. Lumsden, Anwar Mulugeta, Ian Olver, Elina Hypponen
Summary: Cancer is a major cause of disease and death worldwide, and understanding the risk factors is crucial for prevention. This study used machine learning and statistical approaches to identify cancer risk factors from a large number of potential predictors. The findings suggest that besides smoking, older age and male sex, various personal characteristics, metabolic biomarkers, and physical measures are positively associated with cancer risk.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jocelyn M. Choo, Alyce M. Martin, Steven L. Taylor, Emily Sun, Fredrick M. Mobegi, Tokuwa Kanno, Alyson Richard, Lucy D. Burr, Stevie Lingman, Megan Martin, Damien J. Keating, A. James Mason, Geraint B. Rogers
Summary: Long-term low-dose macrolide therapy has effects on the gut microbiome, leading to changes in immune and metabolic regulation. These changes are mediated by alterations in gut microbiome composition, affecting carbohydrate metabolism and short-chain fatty acid biosynthesis. Understanding these mechanisms can help identify the risks associated with long-term macrolide exposure and emphasize the importance of targeted therapy for maintaining gut microbiota.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Lauren A. Jones, Emily W. Sun, Amanda L. Lumsden, Daniel W. Thorpe, Rochelle A. Peterson, Dayan De Fontgalland, Luigi Sposato, Philippa Rabbitt, Paul Hollington, David A. Wattchow, Damien J. Keating
Summary: The lining of our intestinal surface contains hormone-producing cells that can sense and respond to the internal environment in our gut. In this study, it is found that GLP-1 and PYY release is greater in the distal regions of the human colon and is negatively correlated with body mass index in the small intestine. Additionally, aging is associated with decreased secretion of GLP-1 and PYY in the large intestine.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)