Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
S. McAllister, T. Grumstrup
Summary: It is crucial to enhance our ability to predict wildland fire behavior under various conditions. To achieve this, a more scientifically-based model of wildland fire behavior needs to be developed by gaining a better understanding of the impact of ventilation on the burning rate of fuel beds. In this study, wood cribs were used as a simplified representation of fuel beds, and the effect of different crib designs and ventilation flow rates on mass loss rates were examined. The results showed that the burning rate generally increased with the flow rate, and the amount of naturally induced air in the burning process was found to be related to the vent area and stick spacing.
Article
Ecology
Franz-Sebastian Krah, Ulf Buentgen, Claus Baessler
Summary: By analyzing 6.1 million fungal fruit body records, this study reveals the similarities and differences in fruiting events in major terrestrial biomes. While most biomes exhibit a main fruiting peak in most years, boreal and temperate biomes also have a second peak indicating spring and autumn fruiting. The timing and duration of fungal fruiting are influenced by temperature, and with global temperature increase, these biome-specific differences in fungal phenology are expected to change in space and time.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xinyang Wang, Xavier Morin, Jian Zhang, Guoke Chen, Lingfeng Mao, Yuheng Chen, Zhuqiu Song, Yanjun Du, Keping Ma
Summary: Biodiversity is an important issue in ecological research and is generally highest in tropical regions. By studying reproductive phenology data of over 20,000 plant species in China, we found that the duration of reproductive phenology decreased with latitude, with temperature seasonality playing a significant role in woody plant phenology.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Janne Koskinen, Nerea Abrego, Eero Vesterinen, Tomas Roslin, Tommi Nyman
Summary: Through the study of ectomycorrhizal forest soil fungi, it is important to understand the factors that determine the occurrence and abundance of fruiting bodies. Although abiotic factors such as moisture and temperature have a known influence, little is known about how these factors interact with evolutionary history to determine when, where, and how fungal fruiting bodies will emerge. By analyzing species composition, environmental variation, and phylogenetic relationships, it was found that both forest characteristics and climatic factors greatly influence the occurrence and abundance of fruiting bodies. Related fungal species tend to fruit under similar environmental conditions, indicating a strong phylogenetic signal in their responses.
Article
Ecology
Huiying Liu, Chunyan Lu, Songdan Wang, Fei Ren, Hao Wang
Summary: The research found that experimental warming did not significantly affect the duration of the reproductive phases of terrestrial plants globally, but did lead to a lengthening of the growing season. The temperature sensitivity of reproductive phases was influenced by the taxa of plants, and the lengthening of the growing season was affected by the magnitude of warming.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Buren Duan, Haonan Zhang, Zuohao Hua, Lizhi Wu, Zijing Bao, Ning Guo, Yinghua Ye, Ruiqi Shen
Summary: The combustion performance and pyrolyzed gas products of a laser-controlled solid propellant based on AP/AN were studied. Experimental results showed that the burning rate and chamber pressure increased, while the ignition delay time decreased as the laser power density increased. The combustion wave structure was analyzed, and a combustion model and hypothesis of critical combustion energy for non-self-sustaining combustion were proposed.
Article
Plant Sciences
Fang Bao, Zhiming Xin, Minghu Liu, Jiazhu Li, Ying Gao, Qi Lu, Bo Wu
Summary: Fruit setting and ripening in a temperate desert showed no significant response to precipitation changes, and the occurrence times of fruiting events remained relatively stable despite inter-annual variations. Previous flowering events drove the inter-annual variation in fruiting events.
Article
Plant Sciences
Tara K. Miller, Amanda S. Gallinat, Linnea C. Smith, Richard B. Primack
Summary: The study found strong correlations in fruiting phenology between observations by Henry David Thoreau and data from herbaria, indicating that these two sources capture similar phenological information. However, differences in the timing of first, last, and duration of fruiting suggest that historical datasets collected with different methods may not be directly comparable.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bruno Henrique dos Santos Ferreira, Maxwell da Rosa Oliveira, Rafaela Aparecida Mariano Fernandes, Vivian Ayumi Fujizawa Nacagava, Bruno Arrua Arguelho, Danilo Bandini Ribeiro, Arnildo Pott, Geraldo Alves Damasceno Junior, Leticia Couto Garcia
Summary: The homogenization of fire regimes can lead to a temporal reduction in the availability of resources, affecting fauna and ecosystem services. Maintaining mosaic burning regimes can diversify phenological patterns, ensuring year-round availability of flowers and fruits. Different fire regimes had differential effects on tree and non-tree phenologies, and moderate fire frequency did not significantly reduce flower and fruit production. However, late burning in high-frequency patches resulted in a low availability of ripe fruits in trees, while fruiting of non-tree plants in low fire frequency patches and early burning ensured a continuous supply of ripe fruits throughout the year.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yuntao Li, Du Meng, Ling Yang, Jian Shuai
Summary: In this study, the n-heptane spill fire was experimentally investigated, and the thickness of the burning fuel was measured for the first time. The burning fuel thickness helps establish a theoretical model for the spill fire burning rate. The results show that the spill fire is mainly controlled by convection, and the pool diameter for characterizing the transition from convection control to radiation control in a spill fire is larger than that in a pool fire.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Qianhuai Xue, Xiu Zeng, Yanjun Du, Wenxing Long
Summary: The timing of flowering and fruiting is crucial for the reproduction, population size, and range of fruit-eating animals. A regression analysis was conducted to understand the impact of climate on the timing and availability of fruits for the endangered Hainan gibbon in China. Significant seasonal and inter-annual variations were observed in the reproductive phenology of fruiting species, with severe food scarcity for the gibbons between January and April. Sunshine affected flowering time, while temperature influenced fruiting phenology. The restoration of gibbon habitat should include planting fruit trees that bear fruit during the low food availability period from January to April.
Article
Thermodynamics
B. Kathiravan, C. Senthilkumar, Rajendra Rajak, K. Jayaraman
Summary: Combustion instabilities are a significant problem in rocket motors, requiring control of mean burning rate variations. Experimental studies show that acoustic pressure oscillations can significantly enhance burning rates in propellant combustion.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Biology
Sandra A. Heldstab, Carel P. van Schaik, Dennis W. H. Mueller, Eberhard Rensch, Laurie Bingaman Lackey, Philipp Zerbe, Jean-Michel Hatt, Marcus Clauss, Ikki Matsuda
Summary: The study found that the reproductive seasonality of primates is influenced by various factors, including latitudinal range, photoperiod, gestation length, annual mean temperature, natural diet, and Malagasy origin. As latitude increases, birth seasons become shorter; species with longer gestation periods are less seasonal; species in high temperature environments and with a high percentage of leaves in their natural diet are less affected by seasons; Malagasy primates show more distinct reproductive seasonality.
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fabio Rindi, Alba Verges, Irene Zuchegna, Silvia Bianchelli, Sonia de Caralt, Cristina Galobart, Jorge Santamaria, Francesco Martini, Margalida Monserrat, Sotiris Orfanidis, Celia Sitja, Soultana Tsioli, Jana Verdura, Luisa Mangialajo, Simonetta Fraschetti, Roberto Danovaro, Emma Cebrian
Summary: Active marine restoration is crucial for preventing the loss of valuable habitats and requires prior knowledge of reproductive phenology and recruitment periods to plan effective restoration actions.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Laura Duque, Erik H. Poelman, Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter
Summary: Exposure to high levels of ozone accelerates flowering in plants and attracts more pollinators, resulting in retained reproductive fitness despite negative effects on plant growth.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Biology
U. L. Vaz, H. F. Cunha, J. C. Nabout
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Forestry
Ana Paula Tavares da Silva, Helida Ferreira da Cunha, Jorge Adriano De Deus Ricardo, Alfredo Raul Abot
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joao Carlos Nabout, Mara Rubia Magalhaes, Marcos Aurelio de Amorim Gomes, Helida Ferreira da Cunha
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2016)
Article
Ecology
Helida F. da Cunha, Erica D. Ferreira, Geiziane Tessarolo, Joao C. Nabout
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Joao Carlos Nabout, Priscilla Carvalho, Marcio Uehara Prado, Pedro Paulino Borges, Karine Borges Machado, Katia Bittar Haddad, Thaisa Sala Michelan, Helida Ferreira Cunha, Thannya Nascimento Soares
NATUREZA & CONSERVACAO
(2012)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Joao Carlos Nabout, Micael Rosa Parreira, Fabricio Barreto Teresa, Fernanda Melo Carneiro, Helida Ferreira da Cunha, Luciana de Souza Ondei, Samantha Salomao Caramori, Thannya Nascimento Soares
Article
Zoology
Danilo E. Oliveira, Helida F. Cunha, Reginaldo Constantino
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marcos Aurelio de Amorim Gomes, Tatiel Venancio Goncalves, Fabricio Barreto Teresa, Helida Ferreira da Cunha, Flavia Pereira Lima, Joao Carlos Nabout
Article
Plant Sciences
Diego Guimaraes de Sousa, Helida Ferreira da Cunha
ACTA BOTANICA BRASILICA
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Sillam-Dusses, Jaromir Hradecky, Petr Stiblik, Helida Ferreira da Cunha, Tiago F. Carrijo, Michael J. Lacey, Thomas Bourguignon, Jan Sobotnik
Summary: The Neotropical family Serritermitidae is a monophyletic group of termites with two genera, Serritermes and Glossotermes, each having unique lifestyles. The study revealed that both genera share the same trail-following pheromone component, distinguishing them from other termite families.
Article
Soil Science
Pascal Jouquet, Ajay Harit, Vincent Herve, Hemanth Moger, Tiago Carrijo, David A. Donoso, David Eldridge, Helida Ferreira da Cunha, Chutinan Choosai, Jean-Louis Janeau, Jean-Luc Maeght, Thuy Doan Thu, Alexia Briandon, Myriam Dahbi Skali, John van Thuyne, Ali Mainga, Olga Patricia Pinzon Florian, Oumarou Malam Issa, Pascal Podwojewski, Jean-Louis Rajot, Thierry Henri-des-Tureaux, Lotfi Smaili, Mohamed Labiadh, Hanane Aroui Boukbida, Rashmi Shanbhag, Ratha Muon, Vannak Ann, Sougueh Cheik, Saliou Fall, Saran Traore, Simon Dupont, Thomas Chouvenc, Aaron J. Mullins, Syaukani Syaukani, Rainer Zaiss, Tran Minh Tien, Jan Sobotnik, Apolline Auclerc, Rongliang Qiu, Ye-Tao Tang, Hermine Huot, David Sillam-Dusses, Nicolas Bottinelli
Summary: Termites play a key role in tropical ecosystems as soil bioturbators. This study aimed to determine the factors influencing the physical and chemical properties of termite-made soil sheeting. The results showed that sheeting properties were influenced by environmental factors, particularly the properties of the bulk soil. However, classic hypotheses related to termite feeding and building strategies were not supported. The distinction between fungus-growing and non-fungus growing species was useful in differentiating the impact on soil properties. The findings suggest the need to redefine termite functional groups based on their impacts on soil properties.
Article
Entomology
Helida F. Cunha, Diogo A. Costa, Ana Paula T. Silva, Jose Nicacio, Alfredo R. Abot
Summary: Termites are dominant invertebrates in tropical environments, and their diversity decreases with higher elevations, especially in areas with uneven relief. The taxonomic and functional diversities of termites show a greater change at lower elevations compared to high elevations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TROPICAL INSECT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Entomology
H. F. Cunha, J. S. Lima, L. F. Souza, L. G. A. Santos, J. C. Nabout
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Helida Ferreira da Cunha, Tiago Fernandes Carrijo, Anna Carolina Prestes, Lucas Souza Arruda, Pollyane B. Rezende, Thiago Santos, Divino Brandao
BIOSCIENCE JOURNAL
(2015)