期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
卷 122, 期 9, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.093401
关键词
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资金
- National Science Foundation (Center for Ultracold Atoms) [PHY-1734011, PHY-1506019]
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-16-1-0324]
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research (MURI Quantum Phases of Matter) [FA9550-14-1-0035]
- Office of Naval Research [N00014-17-1-2257]
- David and Lucile Packard Foundation
- LabEX ENS-ICFP [ANR-10-LABX-0010/ANR-10-IDEX-0001-02 PSL*]
We study the thermal evolution of a highly spin-imbalanced, homogeneous Fermi gas with unitarity limited interactions, from a Fermi liquid of polarons at low temperatures to a classical Boltzmann gas at high temperatures. Radio-frequency spectroscopy gives access to the energy, lifetime, and short-range correlations of Fermi polarons at low temperatures T. In this regime, we observe a characteristic T-2 dependence of the spectral width, corresponding to the quasiparticle decay rate expected for a Fermi liquid. At high T, the spectral width decreases again towards the scattering rate of the classical, unitary Boltzmann gas, proportional to T-1/2. In the transition region between the quantum degenerate and classical regime, the spectral width attains its maximum, on the scale of the Fermi energy, indicating the breakdown of a quasiparticle description. Density measurements in a harmonic trap directly reveal the majority dressing cloud surrounding the minority spins and yield the compressibility along with the effective mass of Fermi polarons.
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