Article
Plant Sciences
Jia-Ling Lin, Xin Fang, Jian-Xu Li, Zhi-Wen Chen, Wen-Kai Wu, Xiao-Xiang Guo, Ning-Jing Liu, Jia-Fa Huang, Fang-Yan Chen, Ling-Jian Wang, Baofu Xu, Cathie Martin, Xiao-Ya Chen, Jin-Quan Huang
Summary: This study identified two dirigent proteins responsible for the biosynthesis of the two enantiomers of gossypol in cotton. Editing one of the dirigent proteins selectively removed the toxic (-)-gossypol in cotton seeds without affecting pest resistance. Our study offers insight into how plants control enantiomeric ratios and how to selectively modify the chemical spectra of cotton plants and thereby improve crop quality.
Article
Plant Sciences
Tinggang Li, Qianqian Zhang, Xilong Jiang, Ran Li, Nikhilesh Dhar
Summary: This study identified a new CNL resistance gene in cotton, GbCNL130, which confers resistance to Verticillium wilt across different hosts.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Md. Sanaullah Biswas, Jun'ichi Mano
Summary: Oxidation of membrane lipids leads to the formation of bioactive compounds known as oxylipins, including a group of reactive carbonyl species (RCS) that play a crucial role in connecting ROS stimuli and cellular responses in plants. By controlling RCS-scavenging enzymes or adding RCS-scavenging chemicals, various plant responses to ROS can be suppressed.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lu Long, Xiao-Tong Zhao, Ya-Mei Feng, Zhi-Hao Fan, Jing-Ruo Zhao, Jian-Feng Wu, Fu-Chun Xu, Man Yuan, Wei Gao
Summary: Cotton is a commercial crop facing diminishing yields due to adverse environments, making the production of resistant cultivars a high priority. A study on cotton leaves identified 190 flavonoids, showing the dominant groups to be flavones and flavonols. Inhibiting flavonoid production affected cotton growth and caused semi-dwarfing, while also contributing to the plant's defense against UV radiation and Verticillium dahliae. This research sheds light on the variety and biological functions of flavonoids in cotton, aiding in breeding efforts.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Hao-Yun Peng, Jason Lucavs, Darby Ballard, Jugal Kishore Das, Anil Kumar, Liqing Wang, Yijie Ren, Xiaofang Xiong, Jianxun Song
Summary: T cells undergo metabolic reprogramming and various biological processes throughout their lifespan, with the imbalance of ROS generation potentially resulting in severe cellular damage and death. Despite playing an essential role in T cell immunity, ROS can also lead to T cell-related diseases. Recent research has highlighted the effects of ROS on T cell activities within T cell immunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fan Xu, Li Huang, Junyao Wang, Caixia Ma, Yingqing Tan, Fanlong Wang, Yanhua Fan, Ming Luo
Summary: The sphingolipid biosynthesis inhibitor fumonisin B1 acts as a toxin and mimics the symptoms of Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae. Knocking out genes required for fumonisin B1 biosynthesis reduces the pathogenicity of V. dahliae. Additionally, enhancing the expression of brassinosteroid and anti-pathogen genes can enhance the resistance of cotton to Verticillium wilt.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rhea Aqueel, Ayesha Badar, Nazish Roy, Qandeel Mushtaq, Aimen Fatima Ali, Aftab Bashir, Umer Zeeshan Ijaz, Kauser Abdulla Malik
Summary: The failure of breeding strategies has led scientists to explore the microbiome for modulating plant defense mechanisms against Cotton Leaf Curl Disease (CLCuD). The study discovered that Pseudomonas inhabits the rhizosphere while Bacillus is predominantly found in the phyllosphere of CLCuD-resistant cotton varieties. By applying specific strains isolated from resistant cotton, the researchers successfully suppressed CLCuD in susceptible cotton.
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Huifang Guo, Yufeng Qu, Shuai Sun, Kaili Zhang, Zhichun Zhang, Dongxiao Zhao, Hongtao Niu, Xiangdong Liu, Jichao Fang, Ary A. Hoffmann
Summary: Current approaches to controlling plant viral diseases mainly focus on plant resistance, whereas suppression of viruses in vector species could provide an important alternative approach. In this study, the therapeutic compound gossypol was found to clear Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) from its vector Bemisia tabaci (whitefly), reducing the incidence and abundance of the virus in whiteflies. Gossypol degraded the coat protein and viral genome of TYLCV, leading to decreased disease severity and therapeutic efficacy.
JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Tanya A. Wagner, Alois A. Bell, Lorraine S. Puckhaber, Clint Magill, Jinggao Liu
Summary: This study found that blocking the gossypol pathway through RNAi suppression of CYP82D hydroxylase enhanced resistance to pathogens and induced a linked lacinilene defense pathway. In soil conditions favorable for disease development, the CYP82D RNAi plants developed necrotic lesions, while in unfavorable conditions, no lesion formation occurred. Further experiments showed that CYP82D RNAi increased host susceptibility to the pathogen Rhizoctonia solani AG4.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Medhi Wangpaichitr, George Theodoropoulos, Dan J. M. Nguyen, Chunjing Wu, Sydney A. Spector, Lynn G. Feun, Niramol Savaraj
Summary: The development of drug resistance in tumors is a significant complication to cancer chemotherapy, but targeting cisplatin-resistant tumors with new combination therapy may offer a major improvement. Recent research suggests that some tumors switch from glycolysis to oxidative metabolism, which is crucial for treatment strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Prashant Chauhan, Naresh Mehta, R. S. Chauhan, Abhishek Kumar, Harbinder Singh, Milan Kumar Lal, Rahul Kumar Tiwari, Ravinder Kumar
Summary: This study investigated the biochemical mechanisms associated with cotton leaf curl disease resistance in cotton genotypes. It found that primary biochemical compounds such as protein, phenol, and tannin, as well as secondary compounds, played a significant role in imparting resistance against the virus.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Helen Smith, Sharon Grant, Paula Meleady, Michael Henry, Donal O'Gorman, Martin Clynes, Richard Murphy
Summary: The Mannan-rich fraction (MRF) isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been found to be beneficial for animal intestinal health. In this study, it was observed that MRF affects the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antibiotic susceptibility in resistant Escherichia coli through modulation of bacterial metabolism. Furthermore, proteomics-based analysis revealed that MRF supplementation leads to significant changes in key metabolic pathways, including glycolysis-TCA cycle, thus enhancing bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics (p <= 0.05).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yao Wang, Yang Li, Shao-Ping He, Shang-Wei Xu, Li Li, Yong Zheng, Xue-Bao Li
Summary: This study uncovers the molecular mechanism of phytohormone-mediated regulation of fiber secondary cell wall (SCW) formation in cotton. The collaboration between GhERF108 and GhARF7-1 or GhARF7-2 establishes ethylene-auxin signaling crosstalk to activate GhMYBL1, which ultimately leads to the activation of fiber SCW biosynthesis.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Xiao Zhong, Pei Feng, Qiqi Ma, Yi Zhang, Yazhen Yang, Jianmin Zhang
Summary: The study showed that overexpression of the cotton chitinase gene GhChi6 in Arabidopsis plants enhanced defense response to aphids, as indicated by increased chitinase and PPO activities, callose deposition, and modulation of signaling pathways. These results suggest that GhChi6 plays a crucial role in mediating plant defense mechanisms against aphid attacks.
PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
James H. Schofield, Zachary T. Schafer
Summary: The relationship between mitophagy and ROS production is complex and not fully understood. This review discusses mtROS generation and their detrimental effects on cellular viability, along with the cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. Furthermore, the prominent mechanisms governing mitophagy induction that bear on oxidative stress are explored.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Meng-Ying Cui, An-Rui Lu, Jian-Xu Li, Jie Liu, Yu-Min Fang, Tian-Lin Pei, Xin Zhong, Yu-Kun Wei, Yu Kong, Wen-Qing Qiu, Yong-Hong Hu, Jun Yang, Xiao-Ya Chen, Cathie Martin, Qing Zhao
Summary: The study found that methoxylated flavones have strong ability to induce apoptosis and enhance bioactivity, with methoxylation not causing side effects on healthy cells. Both type I and type II OMT enzymes are involved in the biosynthesis of methoxylated flavones in S. baicalensis.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chaochen Huang, Pengbo Li, Junfeng Cao, Zishou Zheng, Jinquan Huang, Xiufang Zhang, Xiaoxia Shangguan, Lingjian Wang, Zhiwen Chen
Summary: In this study, a systematic analysis was performed on the CRY gene family in cotton species, revealing the structures, classification, synteny, and cis-elements of the genes. The potential biological functions of the genes in different tissues and in response to abiotic stress were predicted.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Christine C. Little, Stephen Russell, Chaewon Hwang, Leanne Goldberg, Sarah Brown, Diana Kirke, Mark Courey
Summary: This study assessed patient satisfaction with telehealth speech-language therapy and identified factors that influenced satisfaction levels. Results showed that patient satisfaction was high, regardless of gender, type of therapy, insurance type, travel distance, or prior in-person therapy. Older patients had unique limitations in telehealth visits. Overall, clinicians can achieve high patient satisfaction with telehealth speech-language therapy.
Article
Cell Biology
Chen-Yi Li, Lei Yang, Yan Liu, Zhou-Geng Xu, Jian Gao, Yan-Bo Huang, Jing-Jing Xu, Hang Fan, Yu Kong, Yu-Kun Wei, Wen-Li Hu, Ling-Jian Wang, Qing Zhao, Yong-Hong Hu, Yi-Jing Zhang, Cathie Martin, Xiao-Ya Chen
Summary: In this study, a high-quality sage genome was assembled, revealing a biosynthetic gene cluster encoding diterpene synthases and expression cascades responsible for diterpenoid production in different organs. The study also found that Salvia species in East Asia are herbaceous and accumulate diterpenoids in storage roots.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xueying Chen, Yao-Qian Liu, Man-Ni Wu, Lei Yan, Chun-Yu Chen, Yu-Pei Mu, Yu-Jie Liu, Mu-Yang Wang, Xiao-Ya Chen, Ying-Bo Mao
Summary: The venom-like proteins in caterpillar oral secretion interfere with plant defense by binding to transcription factors, making plants more susceptible to herbivory.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jae-Hyun Yang, Motoshi Hayano, Patrick T. Griffin, Joao A. Amorim, Michael S. Bonkowski, John K. Apostolides, Elias L. Salfati, Marco Blanchette, Elizabeth M. Munding, Mital Bhakta, Yap Ching Chew, Wei Guo, Xiaojing Yang, Sun Maybury-Lewis, Xiao Tian, Jaime M. Ross, Giuseppe Coppotelli, Margarita V. Meer, Ryan Rogers-Hammond, Daniel L. Vera, Yuancheng Ryan Lu, Jeffrey W. Pippin, Michael L. Creswell, Zhixun Dou, Caiyue Xu, Sarah J. Mitchell, Abhirup Das, Brendan L. O'Connell, Sachin Thakur, Alice E. Kane, Qiao Su, Yasuaki Mohri, Emi K. Nishimura, Laura Schaevitz, Neha Garg, Ana-Maria Balta, Meghan A. Rego, Meredith Gregory-Ksander, Tatjana C. Jakobs, Lei Zhong, Hiroko Wakimoto, Jihad El Andari, Dirk Grimm, Raul Mostoslavsky, Amy J. Wagers, Kazuo Tsubota, Stephen J. Bonasera, Carlos M. Palmeira, Jonathan G. Seidman, Christine E. Seidman, Norman S. Wolf, Jill A. Kreiling, John M. Sedivy, George F. Murphy, Richard E. Green, Benjamin A. Garcia, Shelley L. Berger, Philipp Oberdoerffer, Stuart J. Shankland, Vadim N. Gladyshev, Bruce R. Ksander, Andreas R. Pfenning, Luis A. Rajman, David A. Sinclair
Summary: All living things experience increased entropy, resulting in the loss of genetic and epigenetic information. In yeast, this loss occurs due to the relocation of chromatin-modifying proteins to DNA breaks, causing cells to lose their identity and age. Through the ICE system, it is found that faithful DNA repair accelerates aging at multiple levels, including the erosion of the epigenetic landscape and DNA methylation. However, this aging process can be reversed by OSK-mediated rejuvenation, supporting the information theory of aging.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junfeng Cao, Chaochen Huang, Jun'e Liu, Chenyi Li, Xia Liu, Zishou Zheng, Lipan Hou, Jinquan Huang, Lingjian Wang, Yugao Zhang, Xiaoxia Shangguan, Zhiwen Chen
Summary: This study investigated the functions of the m(6)A RNA methyltransferase (METTL) gene family in cotton. Through a systematic analysis, the expression and regulatory patterns of several METTL genes in cotton were identified. Overexpression and suppression experiments confirmed the importance of these genes in cotton plant growth.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Junhui Yuan, Sanjie Jiang, Jianbo Jian, Mingyu Liu, Zhen Yue, Jiabao Xu, Juan Li, Chunyan Xu, Lihong Lin, Yi Jing, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Haixin Chen, Linjuan Zhang, Tao Fu, Shuiyan Yu, Zhangyan Wu, Ying Zhang, Chongzhi Wang, Xiao Zhang, Liangbo Huang, Hongqi Wang, Deyuan Hong, Xiao-Ya Chen, Yonghong Hu
Summary: This study reports the chromosome-level genome assembly of tree peony and reveals the mechanisms of its giant genome formation and the key genes involved in alpha-linolenic acid synthesis in tree peony seeds. The genomic resources provided in this study will be valuable for researching chromosome/genome evolution and tree peony breeding.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biology
Xingpeng Wen, Zhiwen Chen, Zuoren Yang, Maojun Wang, Shuangxia Jin, Guangda Wang, Li Zhang, Lingjian Wang, Jianying Li, Sumbul Saeed, Shoupu He, Zhi Wang, Kun Wang, Zhaosheng Kong, Fuguang Li, Xianlong Zhang, Xiaoya Chen, Yuxian Zhu
Summary: Cotton is an economic crop with elongated fiber cells that have been extensively studied in terms of multi-genome assembly, genome editing, fiber development mechanism, and metabolite biosynthesis. Research has revealed the origin of cotton species, asymmetric chromatin structure in fibers, and the role of candidate genes in fiber development. The synthesis of secondary metabolites, resistance to diseases, and plant architecture regulation have also been investigated. This review summarizes the important achievements in cotton molecular biology and provides theoretical support for future research.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhihui Zhang, Xiao Tian, J. Yuyang Lu, Kathryn Boit, Julia Ablaeva, Frances Tolibzoda Zakusilo, Stephan Emmrich, Denis Firsanov, Elena Rydkina, Seyed Ali Biashad, Quan Lu, Alexander Tyshkovskiy, Vadim N. Gladyshev, Steve Horvath, Andrei Seluanov, Vera Gorbunova
Summary: Abundant high-molecular-mass hyaluronic acid (HMM-HA) contributes to cancer resistance and longevity in naked mole-rats. A study showed that overexpressing the naked mole-rat hyaluronic acid synthase 2 gene (nmrHas2) in mice resulted in increased hyaluronan levels, reduced incidence of cancer, extended lifespan, and improved healthspan. The beneficial effects were mediated by HMM-HA and not specific to the nmrHas2 gene, suggesting that the longevity mechanism observed in naked mole-rats can be transferred to other species.
Article
Cell Biology
Jae-Hyun Yang, Christopher A. Petty, Thomas Dixon-McDougall, Maria Vina Lopez, Alexander Tyshkovskiy, Sun Maybury-Lewis, Xiao Tian, Nabilah Ibrahim, Zhili Chen, Patrick T. Griffin, Matthew Arnold, Jien Li, Oswaldo A. Martinez, Alexander Behn, Ryan Rogers-Hammond, Suzanne Angeli, Vadim N. Gladyshev, David A. Sinclair
Summary: A hallmark of eukaryotic aging is a loss of epigenetic information, a process that can be reversed. By ectopically inducing the Yamanaka factors OCT4, SOX2, and KLF4 (OSK) in mammals, we can restore youthful characteristics without changing cellular identity. Through high-throughput cell-based assays, we have identified six chemical cocktails that can reverse cellular aging and rejuvenate human cells without altering the genome.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jia-Ling Lin, Xin Fang, Jian-Xu Li, Zhi-Wen Chen, Wen-Kai Wu, Xiao-Xiang Guo, Ning-Jing Liu, Jia-Fa Huang, Fang-Yan Chen, Ling-Jian Wang, Baofu Xu, Cathie Martin, Xiao-Ya Chen, Jin-Quan Huang
Summary: This study identified two dirigent proteins responsible for the biosynthesis of the two enantiomers of gossypol in cotton. Editing one of the dirigent proteins selectively removed the toxic (-)-gossypol in cotton seeds without affecting pest resistance. Our study offers insight into how plants control enantiomeric ratios and how to selectively modify the chemical spectra of cotton plants and thereby improve crop quality.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ningjing Liu, Lipan Hou, Xin Chen, Jingjing Bao, Fangyan Chen, Wenjuan Cai, Huixian Zhu, Lingjian Wang, Xiaoya Chen
Summary: In this study, TETRASPANIN8 (TET8) in Arabidopsis thaliana was identified as a carrier protein for sphingolipids and was found to regulate the export of glycosyl inositol phosphoceramides (GIPCs). TET8 interacted with the coat protein complex I (COPI) subunit gamma 2-COPI and facilitated the transportation of GIPCs from the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing-Jing Xu, Mei Hu, Lei Yang, Xiao-Ya Chen
Summary: This article summarizes the research progress on CoQ biosynthesis and regulation in plants and recent efforts to increase the CoQ content in plant foods.
PLANT COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiao-Jiao Song, Xin Fang, Chen-Yi Li, Yan Jiang, Jian-Xu Li, Sheng Wu, Juan Guo, Yan Liu, Hang Fan, Yan-Bo Huang, Yu-Kun Wei, Yu Kong, Qing Zhao, Jing-Jing Xu, Yong-Hong Hu, Xiao-Ya Chen, Lei Yang
Summary: A 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2-ODD) gene responsible for tanshinone IIA biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza was identified in this study. The gene, known as Sm2-ODD14, acts as a dehydrogenase and catalyzes the aromatization of the furan ring. The study also showed that Sm2-ODD14 controls the metabolite flux from dihydrofuran- to furan-tanshinones, which impacts the medicinal properties of S. miltiorrhiza.