Review
Virology
Ana Carolina Cardoso, Claudio Figueiredo-Mendes, Cristiane A. Villela-Nogueira, Patrick Marcellin
Summary: Staging liver fibrosis has always been a challenge in viral hepatitis and other liver diseases. Non-invasive tests have been developed to overcome the limitations of liver biopsy. This review discusses the use of serological and physical markers for liver fibrosis staging in chronic hepatitis B and C. Furthermore, it addresses the issue of evaluating liver fibrosis after HCV cure.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Danielle A. Rankin, Lauren S. Peetluk, Stephen Deppen, James Christopher Slaughter, Sophie Katz, Natasha B. Halasa, Nikhil K. Khankari
Summary: This systematic review evaluated diagnostic models used to predict viral acute respiratory infections in children. A total of 18 studies were included, and the results showed that these models performed well in predicting viral-specific influenza. However, there were high risks of bias in the analytic aspects of the studies. External validation is recommended to ensure the accuracy of the models.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Frank Tacke
Summary: Since 2022, over 1,000 cases of childhood hepatitis with an unknown cause have been reported. The presence of adeno-associated virus 2 in the blood and livers of these children may provide an explanation.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Vicente Soriano, Carmen Alvarez, Benson Edagwa, Carmen de Mendoza, Noemi Montoya, Ana Trevino, Howard Gendelman
Summary: Viral hepatitis is a significant global cause of mortality, with 1.4 million deaths each year. Hepatitis B and C account for 90% of these deaths, and the World Health Organization aims to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030. While current antivirals can suppress viral replication, they cannot eliminate the virus from infected patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Asher Mullard
Summary: Researchers are investigating whether vaccines can prevent multiple sclerosis and other chronic conditions that may be triggered by viral infections.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mariana Lenharo
Summary: The most popular platform for sharing SARS-CoV-2 sequence data has faced criticism for governance issues, and scientists need to determine the next steps.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sergei L. Kosakovsky Pond, Darren Martin
Summary: Molnupiravir, an antiviral drug for COVID-19, can cause multiple mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome, potentially accelerating the evolution and transmission of viral variants.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Suh-Young Lee, Sun-Sin Kim, So-Hee Lee, Heung-Woo Park
Summary: This study found an association between chronic viral hepatitis infection and decreased lung function, specifically in smokers. Non-invasive measurement of hepatic fibrosis may be useful in predicting rapid lung function decline in smokers with chronic viral hepatitis.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Joerg F. Schlaak
Summary: The majority of chronic viral hepatitis cases are caused by HBV, HCV, or HDV infections. HBV infection can be controlled with currently available drugs, but a functional cure is rare. HCV treatment has been revolutionized by the development of DAAs, which are highly effective and have few side effects. HDV remains the most challenging type of viral hepatitis to treat.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Virology
Yi-Wen Huang, Albert Qin, Chan-Yen Tsai, Pei-Jer Chen
Summary: Ropeginterferon alfa-2b is a promising treatment option for MPN and chronic viral hepatitis due to its favorable pharmacokinetic profile and demonstrated efficacy in clinical studies. Administered once every two weeks, it has shown to be well-tolerated and effective in treating chronic hepatitis B, C, and D.
Article
Immunology
Yuanyuan Jia, Xiu Zou, Wei Yue, Jin Liu, Ming Yue, Yang Liu, Li Liu, Peng Huang, Yue Feng, Xueshan Xia
Summary: The prevalence of HCV subtypes 3a and 3b is rapidly increasing in Yunnan, China, with a high level of infection attributed to increased drug use. This highlights the importance of implementing more stringent preventative and therapeutic measures to curb the spread of the virus.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rebecca J. Winter, Yumi Sheehan, Timothy Papaluca, Graeme A. Macdonald, Joy Rowland, Anton Colman, Mark Stoove, Andrew R. Lloyd, Alexander J. Thompson
Summary: Prisons in Australia have a high concentration of hepatitis C cases due to the high rates of incarceration among people who inject drugs. While highly effective therapies for hepatitis C are available in Australian prisons, implementation of healthcare in the prison sector faces challenges in terms of testing, treatment, and prevention accessibility for inmates. The main recommendations include increasing testing coverage, improving access to streamlined treatment pathways, expanding opioid agonist therapy coverage, and implementing prison needle and syringe programs. This consensus statement sets best practice standards in HCV management and aims to optimize hepatitis C care in prisons, contributing to Australia's elimination efforts by 2030.
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Joseph D. Tucker, Ahsan Ahmad, Andargachew Mulu, Monde Muyoyeta, Muhammad Radzi Abu Hassan, Adeeba Kamarulzaman
Summary: HCV infection is widespread among incarcerated individuals in low- and middle-income countries. Prison policy changes regarding HCV testing and treatment are crucial for social justice and to achieve global HCV elimination targets.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giorgio Maria Saracco, Alfredo Marzano, Mario Rizzetto
Summary: Chronic viral hepatitis, caused by Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, and Hepatitis D Virus, is a significant global health issue. Different viruses require different treatment approaches. Long-term suppressive therapy has had a dramatic impact on chronic hepatitis B, but complete clearance of the virus remains difficult. The unique virology of Hepatitis D Virus makes its treatment challenging, but combination therapy with specific antivirals shows promise. The introduction of Direct Acting Antiviral Agents has revolutionized the treatment of chronic hepatitis C, achieving high cure rates.
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Margaret E. Hellard, Alisa Pedrana
Summary: Collaborating with local community organizations and using a pay-it-forward approach, Zhang et al. successfully increased hepatitis B and hepatitis C testing among men who have sex with men in China.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Nik Howes, Sam Lattimore, William Lucien Irving, Brian James Thomson
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2016)
Article
Nursing
Kathryn Jack, Natalie Islip, Paul Linsley, Brian Thomson, Anne Patterson
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING
(2017)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yasmin Abo-zeid, Richard A. Urbanowicz, Brian J. Thomson, William L. Irving, Alexander W. Tarr, Martin C. Garnett
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2018)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
M. Harris, O. Bonnington, G. Harrison, M. Hickman, W. Irving
JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Catrin H. Middleton, William Irving, John F. R. Robertson, Andrea Murray, Celine B. Parsy-Kowalska, Isabel K. Macdonald, Jane McElveen, Jared Allen, Graham F. Healey, Brian J. Thomson, Stephen J. Ryder, Stefan Holdenrieder, Caroline J. Chapman
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
C. Bradley, R. A. Scott, E. Cox, N. Palaniyappan, B. J. Thomson, S. D. Ryder, W. L. Irving, G. P. Aithal, I. N. Guha, S. Francis
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Substance Abuse
Graham Harrison, Karen Murray, Roxanne Gore, Penelope Lee, Aravamuthan Sreedharan, Paul Richardson, Amanda J. Hughes, Martin Wiselka, Will Gelson, Esther Unitt, Karen Ratcliff, Annette Orton, Kerry Trinder, Charlotte Simpson, Stephen D. Ryder, Sandra Oelbaum, Graham R. Foster, Archie Christian, Stuart Smith, Brian J. Thomson, Rosy Reynolds, Magdalena Harris, Matthew Hickman, William L. Irving
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Pepita Barnard, Sarah Sharples, Brian J. Thomson, Jonathan M. Garibaldi
BMC MEDICAL GENOMICS
(2019)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kathryn Jack, Paul Linsley, Brian James Thomson, William Lucien Irving
JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS
(2020)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Kathryn Jack, Catrin Evans, Louise Bramley, Joanne Cooper, Tracy Keane, Marie Cope, Elizabeth Hendron
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused delays in non-urgent elective surgery, and decision making for surgery prioritization is primarily based on clinical urgency. This scoping review reveals that waiting for surgery can result in significant social, economic, and emotional hardships for some patients. There is a lack of validated assessment tools, highlighting the need for further research to inform a more comprehensive prioritization process for surgical waiting lists in the recovery stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nuria Fabrellas, Patrizia Kunzler-Heule, Amy Olofson, Kathryn Jack, Marta Carol
Summary: Cirrhosis is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity, resulting in a major burden on healthcare systems and hindering patients' quality of life. Nurses currently have limited roles in cirrhosis care, particularly for acute complications. This manuscript reviews the established and potential new roles that nurses can play in improving the care and outcomes of cirrhosis patients. The review calls for a global liver disease education program for nurses and increased awareness among healthcare providers and policymakers regarding the positive impacts of advanced nursing practice in this field.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jennifer S. Ko, Balwir Matharoo-Ball, StevenD. Billings, Brian J. Thomson, Jean Y. Tang, Kavita Y. Sarin, Emily Cai, Jinah Kim, Colleen Rock, Hillary Z. Kimbrell, Darl D. Flake, M. Bryan Warf, Jonathan Nelson, Thaylon Davis, Catherine Miller, Kristen Rushton, Anne-Renee Hartman, Richard J. Wenstrup, Loren E. Clarke
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2017)