Review
Oncology
Mafalda Antunes-Ferreira, Danijela Koppers-Lalic, Thomas Wurdinger
Summary: Nucleic acids and proteins released by tumor cells into the bloodstream can serve as biomarkers for cancer detection. Platelets, as a rich source of potential cancer biomarkers, have been increasingly recognized for their ability to take up and process these biomolecules. While several studies support the use of platelet biomarkers in cancer diagnostics, there are still limitations in their implementation into clinical practice.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xinbang Jiang, Xiangyun Zhang, Chen Guo, Yameng Yu, Boya Ma, Zhuang Liu, Yamin Chai, Lichun Wang, Yunzheng Du, Biao Wang, Nan Li, Dong Dong, Yueguo Li, Xinglu Huang, Lailiang Ou
Summary: Immunomagnetic nanoparticles (IMNs) are a potential method for early cancer diagnosis, metastasis examination, and treatment guidance by isolating rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from whole blood. However, the formation of a protein corona on the nanoparticles reduces their performance in body fluids. To overcome this, a novel strategy was developed to precoat the protein corona onto magnetic nanoparticles (C-MNs) and conjugate their surfaces with an immuno-antibody, resulting in decreased protein adsorption and non-specific cell binding. The functionalized C-MNs (IC-MNs) maintained highly specific CTC capture performance when exposed to blood plasma, demonstrating their potential as a clinically applicable diagnostic tool.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Komila Rasuleva, Keerthi Priya Jangili, Alfred Akinlalu, Ang Guo, Pawel Borowicz, Chen-zhong Li, Dali Sun
Summary: Pancreatic cancer patients often have advanced disease at diagnosis, leading to high mortality rates. Currently, there is a lack of noninvasive and fast screening methods to detect this disease. Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (tdEVs) carrying information from parent cells have emerged as a promising cancer diagnostic biomarker. However, most tdEV-based assays have practical limitations. To overcome these challenges, a novel diagnostic method called EvIPqPCR was developed, which combines immunoprecipitation (IP) and qPCR quantification to directly detect tumor-derived EVs from serum. This technique has the potential to be a translational assay for cancer screening with weak correlation to prognosis biomarkers and sufficient discriminatory power among different groups.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ping Zhou, Shaohua Gong, Bo Liu, Mingwan Shi, Fei Lu, Na Li, Bo Tang
Summary: This dual-colorimetric miRNA detection kit is able to simultaneously detect two miRNAs with high sensitivity and selectivity, achieving lung cancer diagnosis using clinical serum samples in a short time. The data can be easily read by the naked eye, allowing for quick differentiation between patients and healthy individuals.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jody Vykoukal, Johannes F. Fahrmann, Nikul Patel, Masayoshi Shimizu, Edwin J. Ostrin, Jennifer B. Dennison, Cristina Ivan, Gary E. Goodman, Mark D. Thornquist, Matt J. Barnett, Ziding Feng, George A. Calin, Samir M. Hanash
Summary: Blood-based cancer biomarkers, including miRNA and four protein marker panel, have shown utility in improving the assessment and early detection of lung cancer.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jon F. Edd, Avanish Mishra, Kyle C. Smith, Ravi Kapur, Shyamala Maheswaran, Daniel A. Haber, Mehmet Toner
Summary: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), which enter the bloodstream from solid tumors, have the potential to initiate metastases. However, due to their extreme rarity and similarities to leukocytes, isolating CTCs from large blood volumes at high yield and purity remains a challenge. Recent advancements in microfluidics have allowed for high-throughput sorting of cells along multiple dimensions.
Review
Oncology
Jacob J. Adashek, Filip Janku, Razelle Kurzrock
Summary: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is an important advance in the diagnostic and surveillance toolbox for oncologists, allowing detection of microscopic levels of cancer tissue before, during, or after treatment. The advantages of ctDNA over tissue DNA include non-invasiveness, reflection of DNA shedding from multiple metastatic sites, and easy tracking of dynamic changes during therapy.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mengqi Bai, Xiaohua Tian, Zengkai Wang, Liwei Zhang, Feiyi Zhang, Yuhe Yang, Lei Liu
Summary: The efficient isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood is challenging due to their rarity and the complexity of blood components. This study developed dynamic bioactive lubricant-infused slippery surfaces for high-efficient capture of CTCs and nondestructive release of desired cells. The surfaces exhibited improved capture efficiency of CTCs and effective antifouling properties. This strategy shows potential for clinical diagnosis and liquid biopsies.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Dmitry Ter-Ovanesyan, Maia Norman, Roey Lazarovits, Wendy Trieu, Ju-Hyun Lee, George M. Church, David R. Walt
Summary: This study demonstrates the use of ultrasensitive Simoa assays for quantifying EVs and comparing different isolation methods. The results highlight the utility of quantifying EV proteins using Simoa and provide a rapid framework for comparing and improving EV isolation methods.
Article
Oncology
Dannel Yeo, Steven Kao, Ruta Gupta, Sara Wahlroos, Althea Bastian, Heidi Strauss, Vera Klemm, Prajwol Shrestha, Arturo B. Ramirez, Lillian Costandy, Ryan Huston, Brady S. Gardner, Peter Grimison, Jonathan R. Clark, John E. J. Rasko
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and sensitivity of an enrichment-free method (AccuCyte(R) system) combined with immunofluorescence staining and high-resolution imaging (CyteFinder(R) instrument) in detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs). The results showed that the AccuCyte-CyteFinder system had high accuracy and sensitivity in detecting rare CTCs, and the recovery rate was significantly improved compared to traditional methods. This method has the potential to be used in the clinical setting for precision-guided cancer treatment.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Ruiyang Zou, Sau Yeen Loke, Yew Chung Tang, Heng-Phon Too, Lihan Zhou, Ann S. G. Lee, Mikael Hartman
Summary: This study conducted the largest comprehensive multi-center research to date and identified 30 dysregulated miRNAs associated with breast cancer. An optimized eight-miRNA panel was successfully validated in diverse ethnic groups and showed consistent performance. The panel has the potential to be used for breast cancer screening in conjunction with mammography.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Meng Li, Liu Huang, Joyce Chen, Fangfang Ni, Yating Zhang, Fei Liu
Summary: A label-free method was developed to rapidly isolate exosomes from cerebrospinal fluid for proteomic analysis, showing higher yield and purity compared to traditional methods. Proteomic analysis revealed that the exosomes isolated by this method identified more exosome-related proteins, potentially reflecting disease status for exosome-based diagnosis.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Ryan McGowan, Aine Sally, Anthony McCabe, Brian Michael Moran, Karen Finn
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive and deadly cancer often diagnosed at a late stage due to nonspecific symptoms and a lack of reliable biomarkers. This review highlights the potential use of circulating nucleic acid-based biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of PDAC. However, the lack of prognostic biomarkers remains a challenge for assessing treatment efficacy.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Mohammad Reza Nayeri, Babak Nadjar Araabi, Behzad Moshiri
Summary: In this paper, a Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) system based on an ensemble-based hierarchical classifier is proposed. The hierarchical classifier, designed based on eight studied classifiers' best-practice confusion patterns, achieves almost perfect accuracy in discriminating faulty classes and increases the accuracy of classifying healthy scenarios. The developed FDI system is proven to perform satisfactorily in simulated and real data.
JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE-ENGINEERING AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Marwa Gamal Saad, Haluk Beyenal, Wen-Ji Dong
Summary: Exosomes are powerful extracellular nanovesicles released from living cells, serving as communication engines that control and reprogram physiological pathways. They are biomarkers for diseases and have potential in cancer treatment. Research on exosomes aims to relate biomarkers to origins and evaluate technologies for therapeutic purposes.
