Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Simon Strobbe, Jana Verstraete, Christophe Stove, Dominique Van Der Straeten
Summary: Rice is a major food crop for half of the human population, but the starchy endosperm lacks essential micronutrients like thiamin. Through tissue-specific metabolic engineering, researchers were able to increase thiamin levels in polished rice by up to threefold, demonstrating the potential for future biofortification efforts.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ravi Ranjan Kumar, Ravi Jain, Sabir Akhtar, Nidha Parveen, Arabinda Ghosh, Veena Sharma, Shailja Singh
Summary: Vitamin B1 is essential for carbohydrate metabolism, and this study focuses on the enzyme Thiamine Pyrophosphokinase (TPK) and its role in Leishmania donovani, a parasite causing visceral leishmaniasis. In silico and biochemical experiments were conducted to identify and characterize LdTPK, and it was found that inhibiting LdTPK led to growth inhibition of the parasite. These findings suggest that LdTPK could be a potential target for the development of new anti-leishmanial agents.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Megan W. Bourassa, Gilles Bergeron, Kenneth H. Brown
Summary: Severe thiamine (vitamin B-1) deficiency, previously thought to mainly affect infants in low-income communities in Southeast Asia and adult alcoholics, may also impact other populations and result in long-lasting neurocognitive consequences. The scope of disorders associated with thiamine deficiency is broader than previously believed.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kyly C. Whitfield, Taryn J. Smith, Fabian Rohner, Frank T. Wieringa, Tim J. Green
Summary: Thiamine is essential for energy metabolism and cognitive health, with deficiencies leading to clinical issues and posing a particular risk to infants. LMICs lack mandatory thiamine fortification programs, highlighting the need for increased thiamine intake and addressing knowledge gaps.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lisa Daneels, Dries S. Martens, Soumia Arredouani, Jaak Billen, Gudrun Koppen, Roland Devlieger, Tim S. Nawrot, Manosij Ghosh, Lode Godderis, Sara Pauwels
Summary: The study found a positive association between maternal vitamin D intake (diet + supplements) and newborn TL, particularly during the first trimester. However, there was no significant association between mean maternal serum 25-OHD concentrations during pregnancy and newborn TL.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chia-Ling Kuo, Ben Kirk, Meiruo Xiang, Luke C. C. Pilling, George A. A. Kuchel, Richard Kremer, Gustavo Duque
Summary: This study examined the relationship between vitamin D levels and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in older participants. It found that low or extremely low vitamin D levels were associated with shorter LTL, as well as high vitamin D levels. However, these associations may be influenced by unmeasured confounders.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dries S. Martens, Charlotte Van der Stukken, Catherine Derom, Evert Thiery, Esm Ee M. Bijnens, Tim S. Nawrot
Summary: The study found that there is a correlation between telomere length at birth and later in life in both children and adults. The ranking of telomere length tends to be stable over time, indicating the importance of understanding the initial setting of newborn telomere length and its significance for later life. Additionally, longer maternal telomere length is associated with lower telomere attrition in the next generation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tina Levstek, Katarina Trebusak Podkrajsek
Summary: Telomeres are dynamic DNA nucleoprotein structures located at the end of chromosomes that maintain genomic stability. Shortened telomeres contribute to cellular senescence and degenerative diseases such as chronic kidney diseases (CKDs). Oxidative stress also accelerates telomere shortening. This review examines the association between telomere length and CKDs, particularly in patients receiving kidney replacement therapy. Understanding the relationship between telomere attrition and kidney disease can contribute to new strategies for managing CKDs.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Alexandra Lukacova, Terezia Beck, Lenka Koptasikova, Ales Benda, Lucia Tomeckova, Miriam Trnikova, Diana Lihanova, Juergen Michael Steiner, Juraj Krajcovic, Matej Vesteg
Summary: Euglena gracilis, a freshwater protist, has various biotechnological applications and can be used for biofuel production, pharmaceuticals, and water remediation. However, its large-scale cultivation is limited by the high cost of adding vitamins B1 and B12 to the media. This study demonstrates that E. gracilis can be grown for long periods without the need for added vitamins B1 and B12 in a co-culture system involving the filamentous fungus Cladosporium westerdijkiae and the bacteria Lysinibacillus boronitolerans and Pseudobacillus badius. This finding significantly reduces the cultivation costs and the fungus C. westerdijkiae can be used for effective harvesting of E. gracilis through bioflocculation.
JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Aenne S. von Falkenhausen, Rebecca Freudling, Melanie Waldenberger, Christian Gieger, Annette Peters, Martina Mueller-Nurasyid, Stefan Kaeaeb, Moritz F. Sinner
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between ECG measures and telomere length, as well as their relationship with cardiac pathologies. The results showed that while ECG measures were influenced by age, they were not associated with shortened telomere length as a marker of biological aging.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Nara Aline Costa, Amanda Gomes Pereira, Clara Sandra Araujo Sugizaki, Nayane Maria Vieira, Leonardo Rufino Garcia, Sergio Alberto Rupp de Paiva, Leonardo Antonio Mamede Zornoff, Paula Schmidt Azevedo, Bertha Furlan Polegato, Marcos Ferreira Minicucci
Summary: Septic shock is a serious condition with high mortality rates, especially in developing countries. Recent studies have explored the potential of micronutrients, specifically thiamine, in improving the outcomes of septic shock patients. While thiamine supplementation has shown positive effects on metabolic processes and oxidative stress, it has not been proven to significantly improve survival rates. Other micronutrients such as vitamin C and D, selenium, and zinc have also been tested but have not demonstrated clear benefits. The combination of thiamine, vitamin C, and corticoids has shown some promise in reducing mortality, but further research is needed to replicate these results.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elisabeth Mates, Deepti Alluri, Tailer Artis, Mark S. Riddle
Summary: Thiamine deficiency (TD) in non-alcoholic hospitalized patients is often underestimated, with symptoms including weakness, neuropsychiatric manifestations, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and ataxia. TD likely develops because of inflammatory stress from chronic inflammatory conditions, combined with decreased energy intake or increased nutrient losses.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
O. Pavlova, S. Stepanenko, L. Chehivska, M. Sambon, L. Bettendorff, Yu Parkhomenko
Summary: Thiamine deficiency is closely related to oxidative stress and can affect the expression of thiamine metabolism proteins in the brain. Accumulation of ThDPox may serve as a potential marker of neurocellular dysfunction and thiamine metabolic state.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yiling Zhang, Ziye Xu, Yiling Yang, Shanshan Cao, Sali Lyu, Weiwei Duan
Summary: This study found that weight changes during adulthood are associated with leukocyte telomere length, suggesting that weight gain may promote aging among adults. The results showed that stable obesity, weight gain from non-obesity to obesity, and transitions from normal weight to overweight were all linked to shorter telomere length, with variations across sex and race/ethnicity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sarah Hakeem, Nuno Mendonca, Terry Aspray, Andrew Kingston, Carmen Martin-Ruiz, Louise Robinson, Tom R. Hill
Summary: The study found inconsistent relationships between circulating 25(OH)D concentration and telomere length over time in very-old adults (85+ years old). Positive significant association was found at baseline, negative at 18 months, but non-significant at 36 months.
Article
Psychiatry
Yafit Levin, Rahel Bachem, Dorit Brafman, Menachem Ben-Ezra
Summary: Negative symptoms of schizophrenia have been overlooked, and this study found an association between negative symptoms and the risk of dissociative disorder, independently of depression and anxiety symptoms. It is important to consider both negative symptoms and dissociative symptoms in clinical practice to better understand their interaction.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Psychiatry
Roland Mergl, Sarah M. Quaatz, Vanessa Lemke, Antje-Kathrin Allgaier
Summary: Women who have had miscarriages or stillbirths have an increased risk for depressive symptoms and disorders, with a wide range of prevalence rates. However, depressive symptoms tend to diminish over time.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Hai-Yang Wang, Lin Zhang, Bei-Yan Guan, Shi-Yao Wang, Cui-Hong Zhang, Ming-Fei Ni, Yan-Wei Miao, Bing-Wei Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the association between cognitive reappraisal and panic disorder (PD), and finds that PD patients have weakened functional connectivity between the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the amygdala, which is associated with the severity of PD symptoms. Additionally, cognitive reappraisal is negatively correlated with PD severity, and the PFC-amygdala functional connectivity plays a mediating role in this association.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Yanqiang Tao, Xinyuan Zou, Qihui Tang, Wenxin Hou, Shujian Wang, Zijuan Ma, Gang Liu, Xiangping Liu
Summary: Depression and anxiety are prevalent mental disorders among adolescents. The study utilized network analysis to examine the symptom dimension of depression and anxiety in different age groups of adolescents. The results indicated that different age groups have different key symptoms and bridging symptoms, highlighting the importance of targeting specific symptoms at different stages of adolescence in treatment to alleviate the comorbidity of anxiety and depression.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Philip J. Batterham, Aliza Werner-Seidler, Bridianne O'Dea, Alison L. Calear, Kate Maston, Andrew Mackinnon, Helen Christensen
Summary: Screening for psychological distress in adolescents is important, and the Distress Questionnaire-5 (DQ5) is a reliable measure for this purpose. The study found that DQ5 had good fit to a unidimensional construct, strong criterion and predictive validity, and sensitivity to change. The brevity and ease of interpretation of DQ5 make it suitable for screening in schools.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Xiaoli Liu, Qianqian Chen, Fang Cheng, Wenhao Zhuang, Wenwu Zhang, Yiping Tang, Dongsheng Zhou
Summary: This study found working memory defects in adolescents with major depressive disorder compared to healthy controls based on mean oxy-hemoglobin changes, which can be useful for distinguishing adolescents with MDD from healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Anders Nordahl-Hansen, Hugo Cogo-Moreira, Sareh Panjeh, Daniel S. Quintana
Summary: This article aims to determine empirically-derived effect size thresholds associated with psychotherapy for depressive disorders by calculating the effect size distribution. The findings indicate that the observed effect size thresholds are larger than the suggested guidelines, which has implications for interpreting study effects and planning future research.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Guangli Zhao, Liyong Yu, Peixin Chen, Keli Zhu, Lu Yang, Wenting Lin, Yucai Luo, Zeyang Dou, Hao Xu, Pan Zhang, Tianmin Zhu, Siyi Yu
Summary: This study investigated the neural mechanisms underlying emotional attention bias in patients with CID using ERP and rs-FC approaches. The results revealed abnormalities in attention processing and connectivity in the emotion-cognition networks of CID patients. This study provides a neural basis for understanding attention bias in CID.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Seungyeon Lee, Sora Mun, Jiyeong Lee, Hee-Gyoo Kang
Summary: Major depressive disorder is a prevalent condition worldwide, but the proportion of patients receiving treatment has not increased. Biomarkers related to drug-treatment responses can be used to monitor the effectiveness of medication. Serum protein levels were compared among patients with depression who received medication, those who did not, and a control group. Eight biomarkers were identified, which can be used to monitor the effectiveness of drug treatment.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Alfredo L. Sklar, Fang -Cheng Yeh, Mark Curtis, Dylan Seebold, Brian A. Coffman, Dean F. Salisbury
Summary: This study investigated semantic verbal fluency (SVF) impairments in first-episode psychosis patients within the schizophrenia spectrum. The findings revealed disruptions in both functional and structural connectivity in these patients, as well as an association between enhanced connectivity in the right hemisphere and worse SVF performance and longer disease duration.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Psychiatry
Maksymilian Rejek, Blazej Misiak
Summary: This study investigates the association of the exposome score (ES) with psychosis risk in a non-clinical population. The results show that the ES is associated with the extended psychosis phenotype, suggesting its potential to identify individuals who may benefit from further psychosis risk assessment.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2024)