Article
Agronomy
Guangming Lou, Pingli Chen, Hao Zhou, Pingbo Li, Jiawang Xiong, Shanshan Wan, Yuanyuan Zheng, Mufid Alam, Rongjia Liu, Yin Zhou, Hanyuan Yang, Yahong Tian, Jingjing Bai, Wenting Rao, Xuan Tan, Haozhou Gao, Yanhua Li, Guanjun Gao, Qinglu Zhang, Xianghua Li, Chuanguang Liu, Yuqing He
Summary: This study conducted a genome-wide association study on floury endosperm in 533 cultivated rice accessions, identifying a major gene FLO19 that affects rice CEQ and demonstrating the potential for improving rice quality by editing this gene. Additionally, the mutation of FLO19 gene revealed its impact on rice growth and yield through disrupting carbon and nitrogen metabolism.
MOLECULAR BREEDING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rongqi Wang, Yulong Ren, Haigang Yan, Xuan Teng, Xiaopin Zhu, Yupeng Wang, Xin Zhang, Xiuping Guo, Qibing Lin, Zhijun Cheng, Cailin Lei, Jiulin Wang, Ling Jiang, Yihua Wang, Jianmin Wan
Summary: The rice floury mutant esg1 has decreased starch content, altered starch physicochemical properties, and larger starch grain size, mainly due to an increased number of starch granules per grain. The ESG1 gene encodes a protein affecting starch grain development and biosynthesis in rice.
Article
Agronomy
Long Zhang, Ran You, Hualan Chen, Jun Zhu, Lingshang Lin, Cunxu Wei
Summary: The rice floury endosperm mutant M10 was identified and characterized, showing decreased total starch content and increased soluble sugar content. The mutated AGPL2 gene on chromosome 1 was found to be responsible for the floury endosperm phenotype. The AGPL2 mutation led to higher transcriptional and protein levels and a positive feedback regulation in M10. Overall, AGPL2 plays a critical role in starch synthesis and the MutMap method is effective for identifying floury endosperm mutant genes in rice.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yu Zhang, Jiajia Zhao, Yaqi Hu, Yanni Zhang, Yining Ying, Feifei Xu, Jinsong Bao
Summary: This study investigated the impact of different allele combinations of FLO2, Wx, and SSIIa genes on the cooking and eating quality (CEQ) of rice using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. The results showed that these genes play important roles in regulating the CEQ of rice and provide new insights for rice-quality improvement through marker-assisted selection.
Article
Agronomy
Satoko Miura, Maiko Narita, Naoko Crofts, Yuki Itoh, Yuko Hosaka, Naoko F. Oitome, Misato Abe, Rika Takahashi, Naoko Fujita
Summary: The study showed that backcrossing high RS rice lines with elite rice cultivars can increase seed weight without compromising RS content. The introduced genetic loci may enhance seed length and width, and promote early flowering for optimal temperature during RS biosynthesis.
Article
Agronomy
Satoko Miura, Nana Koyama, Naoko Crofts, Yuko Hosaka, Misato Abe, Naoko Fujita
Summary: Through crossing BE1 and BE2b mutants, a non-transgenic be1 be2b double mutant rice line was generated, showing significantly increased RS content in cooked rice grains and rice flour compared with the single mutant.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuanyuan Hao, Fudeng Huang, Zhennan Gao, Junfeng Xu, Ying Zhu, Chunshou Li
Summary: This study analyzed eight mutants with different degrees of floury endosperm generated through EMS mutagenesis. The z2 mutant exhibited significantly increased RVA indexes and urea swelling, while the z4 mutant displayed significantly decreased RVA indexes and urea swelling. These mutants have significant importance for the study of rice eating quality.
Article
Plant Sciences
Hiroki Nagata, Akemi Ono, Kaoru Tonosaki, Taiji Kawakatsu, Yutaka Sato, Kentaro Yano, Yuji Kishima, Tetsu Kinoshita
Summary: DNA methylation is necessary for maintaining genome integrity, but under certain circumstances, transposable elements (TEs) can escape from this repression and reactivate transcription. This study investigated the expression patterns of TE transcripts during rice endosperm development and found dynamic regulation of TE activity, particularly for miniature inverted-repeat TEs (MITEs).
Article
Plant Sciences
Ryutaro Morita, Naoko Crofts, Satoko Miura, Ken-ichi Ikeda, Naohiro Aoki, Hiroshi Fukayama, Naoko Fujita
Summary: This study investigates the role of different starch synthase (SS) isozymes in the biosynthesis of starch in rice. By using mutants with disruptions in the SSIIIb gene, it was found that SSIIIb is responsible for the synthesis of long chain amylopectin in the leaf sheath and leaf blade. On the other hand, SSI is involved in the synthesis of short chain amylopectin. These findings provide a better understanding of starch biosynthesis in different parts of rice.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Tingting Feng, Lili Wang, Laiyun Li, Yuan Liu, Kang Chong, Guenter Theissen, Zheng Meng
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of OsMADS14 in starch synthesis in rice. Loss of function mutations in OsMADS14 lead to a shrunken and chalky grain phenotype, as well as significantly reduced total starch and amylose content in the endosperm. The study also demonstrates that OsMADS14 directly binds to regulatory regions of starch synthesis genes and interacts with the nuclear factor NF-YB1 to promote their transcription.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anqi Wang, Yanhui Jing, Qiao Cheng, Hongju Zhou, Lijun Wang, Wanxin Gong, Liquan Kou, Guifu Liu, Xiangbing Meng, Mingjiang Chen, Haiyan Ma, Xiaoli Shu, Hong Yu, Dianxing Wu, Jiayang Li
Summary: The sedentary lifestyle and refined food consumption lead to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and related complications. Daily consumption of foods rich in resistant starch (RS) can potentially reduce the incidence of these diseases. However, breeding high-RS rice varieties remains challenging. In this study, we identified a high-RS mutant rs4, which had a RS content of -10.8% in cooked rice. The genetic study revealed that the loss-of-function SSIIIb and SSIIIa together with a strong Wx allele contributed to the high-RS phenotype of the rs4 mutant.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Peter James Icalia Gann, Dominic Dharwadker, Sajedeh Rezaei Cherati, Kari Vinzant, Mariya Khodakovskaya, Vibha Srivastava
Summary: This study demonstrates a biotechnology approach to reduce grain chalkiness in rice by suppressing the transcriptional activity of V-PPase gene, resulting in reduced chalk content and the development of more translucent grains. The suppression effect is more pronounced under heat stress. Metabolomic analysis reveals that pathways related to starch and sugar metabolism are affected in the targeted rice lines, with upregulation of starch biosynthesis genes. This method shows promise in reducing grain chalkiness in rice.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Zongfei Zhang, Jiaxin Tan, Yuting Chen, Zhangyuqi Sun, Xin Yan, Jiexiu Ouyang, Shaobo Li, Xin Wang
Summary: A new fructokinase, OsFRK3, was identified and its knockou mutants, osfrk3-1 and osfrk3-2, were created using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The mutants showed decreased 1000-grain weight, grain width, grain thickness, endosperm filling rate, and seed total starch content, while the levels of sucrose and fructose were increased. The expression levels of OsGBSS1, OsBEIIb, OsPFP1 beta, and OsAGPL1 were significantly decreased in the mutants. These results suggest that OsFRK3 positively regulates starch accumulation by influencing sugar metabolism.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Long Zhang, Yanzhou Qi, Mingming Wu, Lei Zhao, Zhichao Zhao, Cailin Lei, Yuanyuan Hao, Xiaowen Yu, Yinglun Sun, Xin Zhang, Xiuping Guo, Yulong Ren, Jianmin Wan
Summary: This study identified the P-type PPR protein PPR5 in rice as crucial for mitochondrial function and endosperm development, by controlling the cis-splicing of mitochondrial nad4 intron 3. Loss of PPR5 function resulted in decreased ATP production, upregulation of alternative oxidases expression, and abnormal mitochondrial morphology, impacting starch and protein content in the endosperm.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shengnan Zhao, Hao Wang, Hualan Chen, Lingshang Lin, Qiaoquan Liu, Cunxu Wei
Summary: Starch components play a crucial role in determining rice quality and utilization. This study screened 27 non-floury endosperm mutants with different starch components and identified 9 homozygous mutants with altered amylopectin structures and various gelatinization properties. These mutants serve as important genetic materials for investigating starch synthesis and regulation, as well as valuable germplasm resources for rice quality breeding.
JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Xing Yan, Changhong Liu
Summary: Lung cancer is a rapidly increasing malignant cancer in China, and surgical treatment is the only effective treatment. However, postoperative local recurrence rate is high, mainly due to minimal residual disease. Monitoring circulating tumor DNA can assess the level of minimal residual disease and guide personalized postoperative treatment.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jie Wang, Xi Lu, Pengfei Du, Haotian Zheng, Zhaoxin Dong, Zihua Yin, Jia Xing, Shuxiao Wang, Jiming Hao
Summary: A new synergistic indicator is introduced to evaluate the synergistic effects of carbon mitigation on air pollutant reduction and public health in China. The results show that synergistic effects played an increasingly important role in emissions mitigation, leading to reductions in pollutants and improvements in air quality and public health. With urbanization and carbon neutrality, synergistic effects are expected to continue to increase.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jianjun Chu, Xiaoshan Yu, Shangshang Yang, Jianfeng Qiu, Qijun Wang
Summary: This paper proposes an evolutionary algorithm for neural network architecture search, introduces a novel indicator to measure population diversity, and suggests effective sampling and encoding strategies to optimize the search process. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing comparison methods.
COMPLEX & INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Moamer A. H. Ahmed, Jiabao Ma, Shuai Shao, Qiyao Wang, Rongjing Xu, Kaiyu Yin
Summary: In this study, it was discovered that a PDZ-domain-containing protease (Prc) regulated the expression of esrB and T3/T6SSs in different manners at different growth stages. Additionally, Prc mediated the regulation of environmental acidic signals on the expression of esrB. Mutation of esrA impaired E. piscicida virulence expression irrespective of the ambient acidic signals. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the virulence regulation upon sensing the environmental acidic signals in bacterial pathogens.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Chenchen Liu, Huiling Chen, Yida Zhang, Meng Li, Qiyao Jiang, Zhendong Wang, Liangwen Yu, Qi Wang, Huafeng Pan, Yue Zhuo
Summary: This study identified the chemical composition of Li-Zhong-Xiao-Pi granules (LZXP) using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and found six active ingredients and five crucial targets involved in treating gastric precancerous lesions (GPL). The research provides a systematic method for screening and understanding the mechanism of LZXP in GPL treatment.
BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Liqi Yan, Qifan Wang, Siqi Ma, Jingang Wang, Changbin Yu
Summary: This paper presents a weakly supervised framework called STC-Seg for instance segmentation and tracking in videos, which utilizes spatio-temporal collaboration. It generates effective pseudo-labels for training deep networks and predicting high-quality instance masks by leveraging the complementary representations from unsupervised depth estimation and optical flow. The framework also enhances mask generation with a puzzle loss and improves robustness to different object appearances through a tracking module that jointly utilizes bounding-box diagonal points with spatio-temporal discrepancy.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xinxiu Wang, Ruirun Chen, Qi Wang, Shu Wang, Yili Li, Yanqing Su, Yuan Xia, Guoping Zhou, Guanglong Li, Yingdong Qu
Summary: Reasonable selection of process parameters can affect the temperature and flow fields of metal liquid in the mold cavity and achieve the desired casting organization. This study simulated the temperature and flow fields of high molybdenum cast iron casting under different casting temperatures and mold preheating temperatures. The results indicate that casting temperature has a strong impact on the movement state of the metal liquid, while mold preheating temperature influences the solidification rate and cooling time of the casting.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pan Wu, Yubing Zhang, Jiaqi Hu, Shaojie Song, Yong Li, Huiyuan Wang, Guo Yuan, Zhaodong Wang, Shizhong Wei, Feng Liu
Summary: This study proposes a systematic framework that integrates non-equilibrium dendritic growth and overall solidification kinetics, and introduces a generalized stability (GS) concept derived from transient thermodynamic driving force AG t and transient kinetic energy barrier Q t eff. The framework allows for quantitatively controlling and optimizing segregation phenomena in twin-roll casting (TRC) process.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yang Liu, Yuliang Wu, Tong Wang, Qian Wang, Xianchao Han, Xiaofu Wu, Hui Tong, Lixiang Wang
Summary: A series of host materials containing a hole-transport triphenyl-substituted triazatruxene conjugated skeleton and different numbers of diphenyl methylene-bridging groups were developed for solution-processed yellow TADF OLEDs. These host materials exhibited high triplet energy, effectively separated the TADF emitters, and showed high thermal stability and good solubility. The OLED using 2FTAT-1Ph as host achieved low turn on voltage, high external quantum efficiency, and remarkable power efficiency, demonstrating the potential of diphenyl methylene bridged tri-azatruxene derivatives as high-performance host materials for solution-processed TADF OLEDs.
ORGANIC ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qi Wu, Xue Bai, Mengping Nie, Li Li, Yiming Luo, Yu Fan, Changying Liu, Xueling Ye, Liang Zou
Summary: This study identified 23 PEBP genes in quinoa and determined their roles in growth and flowering. Transcription factors that may regulate flowering in quinoa were also discovered. These findings are significant for future quinoa breeding.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ning Gao, Xuetao Shen, Yifan Liu, Zhanwei Xu, Xi Wang, Hangyu Liu, Yuchuan Ren, Siyu Chen, Zhi Li
Summary: To inhibit the shuttle effect of LiPSs and accelerate the conversion of LiPSs to Li2S, researchers prepared Co-Co9S8-nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) particles anchored on 3D hyperfine carbon nanofiber networks (CNF/Co-Co9S8-NC) to modify the Li-S battery separator. The modified battery exhibited excellent electrochemical performance due to the dual limiting effect.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Cuicui Wang, Yuhao Zhang, Yifan Liu, Qian Chen, Yingxuan Song, Anqi Cai, Hongwei Guo, Pei Zhang
Summary: Pure and alkaline earth metal elements (Mg2+, Ca2+ and Sr2+) doped NaTaO3 nanofilms were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method, showing better stability and recycling performance in wastewater treatment. The band gaps of NaTaO3 were reduced to 2.83, 3.01 and 2.96 eV after doping with Mg2+, Ca2+ and Sr2+. Mg-NaTaO3 catalyst exhibited a higher photodegradation efficiency of 80.1% for methylene blue solution under visible light irradiation and a strong inhibition effect on E. coli and S. aureus.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xin-Fang Zhai, Jing-Jing Fan, Yang Yi, Meng Zhang, Xia Yuan, Xue Qiao, Lei Liang, Min Ye
Summary: This research reports the first sensitive and selective fluorescent off-on UGT1A10 probe substrate called UPr6, which can be used to monitor the function of UGT1A10 in biological systems. Through a collaborative modification strategy, the researchers designed UPr6 by introducing a rigid propyl morpholine group and a methoxy group to the amide and 4'-phenoxy positions, respectively. The study also discovered two natural products from licorice as potent UGT1A10 inhibitors, which improved the sensitivity of CPT-11 against a resistant human cancer cell line. This work established a feasible strategy for designing isoform-specific UGT probe substrates.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yu Zhang, Yuqing He, Yiyang Zhang, Shaojie Song, Feng Liu
Summary: In this study, an analytical treatment was conducted to quantitatively evaluate the growth retardation of bainitic transformation (BT) in HSLA steels. By analyzing the thermodynamic driving force ΔG and kinetic energy barrier Q, along with modeling the transformed fraction, unified expressions for thermo-kinetic correlation and generalized stability (GS) were derived. The current model, based on a proposed criterion of high ΔG-high GS, can be used to design the BT to produce bainitic microstructure with high strength and high plasticity, as confirmed by experimental results.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bin Li, Yuxiang Xu, Guoliang Rao, Qimin Wang, Jun Zheng, Ruiyuan Zhu, Yubo Chen
Summary: To improve the wear resistance and cutting performance of AlTiN coatings, a structure optimization strategy and a nano-multilayer architecture strategy were presented. The investigated AlTiN coatings exhibited improved properties, including phase structure, hardness, adhesion, and tribological properties. The Al0.67Ti0.33N/Al0.5Ti0.5N multilayer with enhanced mechanical properties achieved the lowest wear rate and longest cutting lifetime.
