Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tomoaki Banno, Shuhei Tsuruhara, Yu Seikoba, Ryohei Tonai, Koji Yamashita, Shinnosuke Idogawa, Yuto Kita, Ko Suzuki, Yuki Yagi, Yuki Kondo, Rika Numano, Kowa Koida, Takeshi Kawano
Summary: Microscale needle-like electrodes offer high spatiotemporal resolution for in vivo extracellular recording. However, reducing the size to the nanoscale increases electrical impedance. By stacking a nanoelectrode on an amplifier module, the quality of neuronal signal recording can be improved. In experiments conducted on the mouse cortex, the nanoelectrode with amplifier could record a wider range of neural signals compared to the electrode without the amplifier.
Review
Immunology
Neel K. Krishna, Kenji M. Cunnion, Grace A. Parker
Summary: EPICC peptides are a group of peptides developed from the capsid protein sequence of human astrovirus type 1, which have been shown to inhibit the classical and lectin pathways of complement. The lead EPICC molecule, RLS-0071, has demonstrated multiple mechanisms of action including complement blockade, inhibition of neutrophil-driven myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, inhibition of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, and intrinsic antioxidant activity. RLS-0071 has shown promise in the treatment of immune-mediated hematological diseases and tissue-based diseases driven by both complement and neutrophil pathways.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yizhen Z. Zhang, Stella Sapantzi, Alice Lin, Savannah R. Doelfel, Barry W. Connors, Brian B. Theyel
Summary: This study found that a large proportion of neocortical pyramidal cells in mice are capable of firing ectopic action potentials (EAPs) in vitro. These cells can integrate information over long time-scales before briefly entering a mode of self-generated firing that originates in distal axons. The surprising ubiquity of EAP generation in these cells raises interesting questions about its potential roles in information processing, cortical oscillations, and seizure susceptibility.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shengzhao Tian, Duanbing Chen, Hang Wang, Jingfa Liu
Summary: In this paper, a novel multiscale residual deep neural network (MSRDN) is proposed for underwater acoustic target recognition, which achieves good recognition accuracy by introducing multiscale residual units (MSRU) to construct the network framework.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Raphael J. Crum, Hector Capella-Monsonis, Jordan Chang, Marley J. Dewey, Brian D. Kolich, Kelsey T. Hall, Salma O. El-Mossier, David G. Nascari, George S. Hussey, Stephen F. Badylak
Summary: Matrix-bound nanovesicles (MBV) are a distinct subtype of bioactive extracellular vesicles that are embedded within the extracellular matrix (ECM). Recent studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of MBV in models of retinal damage and rheumatoid arthritis by targeting immunomodulation. However, the biocompatibility and biodistribution of MBV in vitro and in vivo have not been fully characterized. This study comprehensively examined the pre-clinical safety profile of MBV and found that they are well-tolerated, non-toxic, and non-immunosuppressive. These findings highlight the translational feasibility of MBV therapeutics for various clinical applications.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Victor Hugo Cornejo, Netanel Ofer, Rafael Yuste
Summary: Dendritic spines play a critical role in excitatory neurotransmission in the nervous system. The membrane potentials of spines and dendrites were measured during spontaneous activity and sensory stimulation in mice. Spines and dendrites were depolarized together during action potentials, but experienced different voltages during subthreshold and resting potentials. The regulation of voltage compartmentalization could have important implications for synaptic function and plasticity, dendritic integration, and disease states.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dmitry S. Bulgarevich, Miezel Talara, Masahiko Tani, Makoto Watanabe
Summary: Several machine learning techniques were tested for automated pattern and waveform recognition of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy datasets, with random forest algorithm showing good performance. Linear correlation and additional cross-validation criteria can be used to evaluate classifier quality, requiring a standardized image pre-processing procedure for different rust staging datasets. Random forest is practically the best choice for waveform recognition in terms of classification accuracy and timing.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jelena Platisa, Xin Ye, Allison M. Ahrens, Chang Liu, Ichun Anderson Chen, Ian G. Davison, Lei Tian, Vincent A. Pieribone, Jerry L. Chen
Summary: Monitoring spiking activity in large neuronal populations is crucial for understanding neural circuit function. Voltage imaging provides a new approach for this, but it faces challenges such as reduced fluorescence detection and limited imaging duration. This study developed improved voltage indicators, a high-speed two-photon microscope, and denoising software, enabling simultaneous high-speed deep-tissue imaging of more than 100 labeled neurons over 1 hour. This scalable approach offers a way to image voltage activity across increasing neuronal populations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yulia Dembitskaya, Andrew K. J. Boyce, Agata Idziak, Atefeh Pourkhalili Langeroudi, Misa Arizono, Jordan Girard, Guillaume Le Bourdelles, Mathieu Ducros, Marie Sato-Fitoussi, Amaia Ochoa de Amezaga, Kristell Oizel, Stephane Bancelin, Luc Mercier, Thomas Pfeiffer, Roger J. Thompson, Sun Kwang Kim, Andreas Bikfalvi, U. Valentin Nagerl
Summary: This article presents a method for real-time comprehensive optical access to the anatomical complexity and dynamics of living brain tissue at submicron scale using regular light microscopy and fluorescence labeling of the interstitial fluid. By utilizing various fluorescence microscopy modalities, the study demonstrates the value of this approach in revealing the complete anatomical tissue contexts of neurons, microglia, tumor cells, and blood capillaries. Quantifications of perivascular spaces and the volume fraction of the extracellular space in brain tissue are also provided.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muhammad Adeel, Chun-Ching Chen, Bor-Shing Lin, Hung-Chou Chen, Jian-Chiun Liou, Yu-Ting Li, Chih-Wei Peng
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the safety of transcranial direct current stimulation-induced intermittent theta burst stimulation (tDCS-iTBS) in rat brain tissue. The results showed that both short-term and long-term stimulation had minimal effects on brain and scalp tissues, with no significant adverse reactions observed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
R. Amiri, S. A. Olamaei, M. B. Alaie
Summary: In this paper, a waveform design framework is proposed to enhance target classification performance for MIMO radar systems. Object discrimination is enhanced by maximizing the differences between received signals from every target.
DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Wenjiao Fan, Pihua Han, Qinya Feng, Yuanyuan Sun, Wei Ren, Thomas Lawson, Chenghui Liu
Summary: In this study, we report that TdT can catalyze DNA polymerization on the exosome membrane without the mediation of nucleic acids. The glycosyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups on the membrane proteins initiate this reaction. We develop a high-sensitive exosome profiling strategy that can distinguish exosomes from different cancer cell origins and healthy individuals' plasma samples. This work opens up new avenues for liquid biopsy and exosome profiling.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Stewart Heitmann, Anton Shpak, Jamie Vandenberg, Adam P. Hill
Summary: Traditionally, cardiac arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation are thought to be triggered by after-depolarizations caused by calcium entry or spontaneous release within cells. However, this study proposes an alternative mechanism where arrhythmias are autonomously triggered by cardiac cells that fail to repolarize after a normal heartbeat. These abnormal cells are more likely to cause arrhythmias when located at tissue boundaries, such as the cuff of the pulmonary vein.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Adnan Orduyilmaz, Ersin Yar, Mehmet Burak Kocamis, Mahmut Serin, Murat Efe
Summary: The paper proposes a waveform classification approach for cognitive electronic warfare applications, achieving high classification accuracy in experiments and demonstrating strong robustness against noise for low-power intercepted signals. Additionally, simulation results indicate that CNN outperforms artificial neural networks in intra-pulse modulation classification task.
SIGNAL IMAGE AND VIDEO PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Danni Gong, Fei Yu, Meng Zhou, Wei Dong, Dan Yan, Siyi Zhang, Yan Yan, Huijing Wang, Yao Tan, Ying Chen, Bei Feng, Wei Fu, Yao Fu, Yang Lu
Summary: dcECM hydrogels derived from porcine ears through enzymatic digestion show good biocompatibility for delivering chondrocytes and forming subcutaneous cartilage in vivo. The structural and gelation kinetics of the hydrogels vary with ECM concentrations, with 10 mg/ml hydrogels supporting adhesion and proliferation of chondrocytes in vitro. In vivo, 10 mg/ml dcECM hydrogel grafts exhibit similar qualities to native cartilage, indicating their potential for tissue engineering applications in ear cartilage regeneration.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Saskia E. J. de Vries, Jerome A. Lecoq, Michael A. Buice, Peter A. Groblewski, Gabriel K. Ocker, Michael Oliver, David Feng, Nicholas Cain, Peter Ledochowitsch, Daniel Millman, Kate Roll, Marina Garrett, Tom Keenan, Leonard Kuan, Stefan Mihalas, Shawn Olsen, Carol Thompson, Wayne Wakeman, Jack Waters, Derric Williams, Chris Barber, Nathan Berbesque, Brandon Blanchard, Nicholas Bowles, Shiella D. Caldejonl, Linzy Casal, Andrew Cho, Sissy Cross, Chinh Dang, Tim Dolbeare, Melise Edwards, John Galbraith, Nathalie Gaudreault, Terri L. Gilbert, Fiona Griffin, Perry Hargrave, Robert Howard, Lawrence Huang, Sean Jewell, Nika Keller, Ulf Knoblich, Josh D. Larkin, Rachael Larsen, Chris Lau, Eric Lee, Felix Lee, Arielle Leon, Lu Li, Fuhui Long, Jennifer Luviano, Kyla Mace, Thuyanh Nguyen, Jed Perkins, Miranda Robertson, Sam Seid, Eric Shea-Brown, Jianghong Shi, Nathan Sjoquist, Cliff Slaughterbeck, David Sullivan, Ryan Valenza, Casey White, Ali Williford, Daniela M. Witten, Jun Zhuang, Hongkui Zeng, Colin Farrell, Lydia Ng, Amy Bernard, John W. Phillips, R. Clay Reid, Christof Koch
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Biology
Marina Garrett, Sahar Manavi, Kate Roll, Douglas R. Ollerenshaw, Peter A. Groblewski, Nicholas D. Ponvert, Justin T. Kiggins, Linzy Casal, Kyla Mace, Ali Williford, Arielle Leon, Xiaoxuan Jia, Peter Ledochowitsch, Michael A. Buice, Wayne Wakeman, Stefan Mihalas, Shawn R. Olsen
Article
Neurosciences
Yazan N. Billeh, Binghuang Cai, Sergey L. Gratiy, Kael Dai, Ramakrishnan Iyer, Nathan W. Gouwens, Reza Abbasi-Asl, Xiaoxuan Jia, Joshua H. Siegle, Shawn R. Olsen, Christof Koch, Stefan Mihalas, Anton Arkhipov
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Peter A. Groblewski, Douglas R. Ollerenshaw, Justin T. Kiggins, Marina E. Garrett, Chris Mochizuki, Linzy Casal, Sissy Cross, Kyla Mace, Jackie Swapp, Sahar Manavi, Derric Williams, Stefan Mihalas, Shawn R. Olsen
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joshua H. Siegle, Xiaoxuan Jia, Severine Durand, Sam Gale, Corbett Bennett, Nile Graddis, Greggory Heller, Tamina K. Ramirez, Hannah Choi, Jennifer A. Luviano, Peter A. Groblewski, Ruweida Ahmed, Anton Arkhipov, Amy Bernard, Yazan N. Billeh, Dillan Brown, Michael A. Buice, Nicolas Cain, Shiella Caldejon, Linzy Casal, Andrew Cho, Maggie Chvilicek, Timothy C. Cox, Kael Dai, Daniel J. Denman, Saskia E. J. de Vries, Roald Dietzman, Luke Esposito, Colin Farrell, David Feng, John Galbraith, Marina Garrett, Emily C. Gelfand, Nicole Hancock, Julie A. Harris, Robert Howard, Brian Hu, Ross Hytnen, Ramakrishnan Iyer, Erika Jessett, Katelyn Johnson, India Kato, Justin Kiggins, Sophie Lambert, Jerome Lecoq, Peter Ledochowitsch, Jung Hoon Lee, Arielle Leon, Yang Li, Elizabeth Liang, Fuhui Long, Kyla Mace, Jose Melchior, Daniel Millman, Tyler Mollenkopf, Chelsea Nayan, Lydia Ng, Kiet Ngo, Thuyahn Nguyen, Philip R. Nicovich, Kat North, Gabriel Koch Ocker, Doug Ollerenshaw, Michael Oliver, Marius Pachitariu, Jed Perkins, Melissa Reding, David Reid, Miranda Robertson, Kara Ronellenfitch, Sam Seid, Cliff Slaughterbeck, Michelle Stoecklin, David Sullivan, Ben Sutton, Jackie Swapp, Carol Thompson, Kristen Turner, Wayne Wakeman, Jennifer D. Whitesell, Derric Williams, Ali Williford, Rob Young, Hongkui Zeng, Sarah Naylor, John W. Phillips, R. Clay Reid, Stefan Mihalas, Shawn R. Olsen, Christof Koch
Summary: The study explores the hierarchical organization of functional connectivity in the mammalian visual system, revealing correlations between neural activity and behavioral choice that increase along the hierarchy. This provides a foundation for understanding coding and signal propagation across hierarchically organized cortical and thalamic visual areas.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Brian Hu, Marina E. Garrett, Peter A. Groblewski, Douglas R. Ollerenshaw, Jiaqi Shang, Kate Roll, Sahar Manavi, Christof Koch, Shawn R. Olsen, Stefan Mihalas
Summary: This study compares the predictions of persistent neural activity and synaptic mechanisms in maintaining short-term memories with neural and behavioral measurements. The results suggest that a feedforward neural network with short-term synaptic depression shows behavior patterns and errors more similar to mice compared to a recurrent neural network.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Xiaoxuan Jia, Ha Hong, James J. DiCarlo
Summary: The study investigates whether plasticity of individual IT neurons underlies human core object recognition behavioral changes induced with unsupervised visual experience. The results suggest that a model combining a single-neuron plasticity model with an IT population-to-recognition-behavior-linking model, constrained by neurophysiological data, largely predicts human learning effects.
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaoxuan Jia, Joshua H. Siegle, Severine Durand, Greggory Heller, Tamina K. Ramirez, Christof Koch, Shawn R. Olsen
Summary: This study tracked the flow of spiking activity in the mouse visual hierarchy and revealed the presence of two multi-regional communication modules in the visual cortex, with one module transmitting feedforward sensory signals and the other integrating inputs for recurrent processing.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yina Wei, Anirban Nandi, Xiaoxuan Jia, Joshua H. Siegle, Daniel Denman, Soo Yeun Lee, Anatoly Buchin, Werner Van Geit, Clayton P. Mosher, Shawn Olsen, Costas A. Anastassiou
Summary: Understanding the functional roles of different types of neurons is difficult. In this study, the authors linked the multi-modal in vitro cell properties with the in vivo physiology of the mouse visual cortex. They used computational modeling and optotagging experiments to connect the cellular properties measured in vitro with the in vivo recorded units, and discovered distinct in vivo properties for different clusters in the mouse visual cortex. Biophysical models were used to map these clusters to specific in vitro classes, explaining their unique extracellular signatures and functional characteristics. Optotagging experiments confirmed these findings and demonstrated the power of this multi-modal approach in inferring cellular properties from first principles.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Atle E. Rimehaug, Alexander J. Stasik, Espen Hagen, Yazan N. Billeh, Josh H. Siegle, Kael Dai, Shawn R. Olsen, Christof Koch, Gaute T. Einevoll, Anton Arkhipov
Summary: This study investigates the synaptic and circuit contributions to current sinks and sources in mouse primary visual cortex using a detailed circuit model and Neuropixels recordings. The results show that firing rates can be altered by adjusting synaptic weights with minor effects on the current source density (CSD) pattern, while the CSD can be altered by adjusting synaptic placement on the dendrites with minor effects on firing rates. Thalamocortical inputs and cortical feedback play crucial roles in shaping specific sinks and sources during visual response.
Article
Biology
Leslie D. Claar, Irene Rembado, Jacqulyn R. Kuyat, Simone Russo, Lydia C. Marks, Shawn R. Olsen, Christof Koch
Summary: This study predicts the presence of consciousness in volunteers and patients by stimulating the brain and analyzing the EEG responses. The researchers conducted similar experiments on mice and observed different patterns of cortical and thalamic responses during wakefulness, running, and anesthesia.