Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah Thompson, Chong Yun Pang, Krishna Mohan Sepuru, Seppe Cambier, Thomas P. Hellyer, Jonathan Scott, A. John Simpson, Paul Proost, John A. Kirby, Krishna Rajarathnam, Neil S. Sheerin, Simi Ali
Summary: Chemokine CXCL8 plays a crucial role in human immune response by mediating neutrophil migration and activation at sites of infection and injury. This study demonstrates that peroxynitrite can nitrate CXCL8, leading to impaired neutrophil migration and activation. The nitrated chemokine showed reduced ability to induce neutrophil migration in vitro and failed to promote leukocyte recruitment in vivo due to impaired receptor signaling and binding to glycosaminoglycans. The presence of nitrated CXCL8 was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage samples from patients with pneumonia, providing the first direct evidence of chemokine nitration in human pathophysiology.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Forough Torabi, Jayakumar Vadakekolathu, Rebecca Wyatt, Pia Leete, Melissa A. Tombs, Carolyn C. Richardson, David J. Boocock, Mark D. Turner, Noel G. Morgan, Sarah J. Richardson, Michael R. Christie
Summary: Morphological studies of pancreas samples from young people with recent-onset type 1 diabetes have identified distinct patterns of immune cell infiltration, suggesting two age-associated endotypes of the disease. This study aimed to investigate whether these endotypes are associated with differences in immune cell activation and cytokine secretion by analyzing gene expression in pancreatic tissue.
Article
Cell Biology
Ruth A. Houseright, Veronika Miskolci, Oscar Mulvaney, Valeriu Bortnov, Deane F. Mosher, Julie Rindy, David A. Bennin, Anna Huttenlocher
Summary: MYDGF, induced by tissue damage, regulates neutrophil motility to damaged tissues through the HIF-1α pathway. Depletion of MYDGF impairs wound healing and inflammation resolution, while persistent neutrophil inflammation in MYDGF mutants is dependent on HIF-1α pathway.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Nastaran Tarban, Albert Balint Papp, David Deak, Peter Szentesi, Hajnalka Halasz, Andreas Patsalos, Laszlo Csernoch, Zsolt Sarang, Zsuzsa Szondy
Summary: Skeletal muscle regeneration is a complex process that involves inflammatory responses and the role of adenosine A3 receptors in this process was investigated. Loss of A3 receptors resulted in a stronger initial inflammatory response, but also accelerated muscle tissue repair and fiber growth.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Anton Kamnev, Claire Lacouture, Mathieu Fusaro, Loic Dupre
Summary: This review discusses how the generation and adaptation of diversified motility patterns in immune cells is sustained by actin cytoskeleton dynamics, while also reviewing the knowledge gained through the study of inborn errors of immunity related to actin defects.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hyeong Bin Rheem, Hyunwoo Choi, Seoin Yang, Sol Han, Su Yeon Rhee, Hyeongseop Jeong, Kyung-Bok Lee, Yeji Lee, In-San Kim, Hojae Lee, Insung S. S. Choi
Summary: Chemotactic movement and direction of Jurkat T cells have been chemically controlled by constructing cell-in-catalytic-coat structures in single-cell nanoencapsulation. The nanobiohybrid cytostructures, called Jurkat([Lipo_GOx]), exhibit controllable, redirected chemotactic movement in response to d-glucose gradients, opposite to the positive-chemotaxis direction of uncoated Jurkat cells. This work provides an innovative chemical tool for bioaugmenting living cells through catalytic cell-in-coat structures.
Article
Rheumatology
Claire Rempenault, Julie Mielle, Kristina Schreiber, Pierre Corbeau, Laurence Macia, Bernard Combe, Jacques Morel, Claire Immediato Daien, Rachel Audo
Summary: The study found that the CXCR5/CXCL13 axis is essential for B10(+) cell biology but defective in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In RA patients, the level of CXCR5 on B-cell surface was reduced, leading to loss of preferential migration towards CXCL13.
Article
Oncology
Soontorn Tuntithavornwat, Daniel J. Shea, Bin Sheng Wong, Talia Guardia, Se Jong Lee, Christopher L. Yankaskas, Lei Zheng, Aikaterini Kontrogianni-Konstantopoulos, Konstantinos Konstantopoulos
Summary: Obscurins, encoded by the OBSCN gene, play a critical role in pancreatic cancer progression and metastasis by regulating cytoskeletal remodeling through RhoA activity. Decreased levels of giant obscurins in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas lead to faster cell migration, tumor growth, and metastasis development.
Article
Dermatology
Oscar Maiques, Victoria Sanz-Moreno
Summary: Abnormal cell migration and invasion are major challenges in cancer treatment, especially in the case of melanoma which is known for its high migratory and metastatic potential. Melanoma cells utilize various migratory strategies controlled by cytoskeletal remodelling, with particular emphasis on the importance of amoeboid invasive melanoma strategies. These strategies are facilitated by signaling pathways such as Rho-ROCK-Myosin II and are actionable in clinical settings.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Wiebke Nadolni, Roland Immler, Kilian Hoelting, Marco Fraticelli, Myriam Ripphahn, Simone Rothmiller, Masayuki Matsushita, Ingrid Boekhoff, Thomas Gudermann, Markus Sperandio, Susanna Zierler
Summary: The study demonstrates the functional expression of TRPM7 in neutrophils and its impact on neutrophil recruitment during inflammation. Blocking TRPM7 channel or kinase activity affects neutrophil function, indicating a potential target to treat excessive neutrophil invasion.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Tanner F. Robertson, Anna Huttenlocher
Summary: The ability to directly observe leukocyte behavior in vivo has greatly expanded our understanding of the immune system, and zebrafish are an ideal model for high-resolution imaging of leukocytes. Due to their natural transparency, intravital imaging in zebrafish can be done without surgical manipulation, making it suitable for long-term observation of temporal and spatial changes during inflammation. Real-time imaging in zebrafish has revealed important insights into neutrophil and macrophage function, and also discussed the tools available for studying immune function in zebrafish and future research directions in dissecting the mechanisms of inflammation onset and resolution.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yaoxian Xiang, Junxi Dai, Yao Li, Zongqi You, Junpeng Zhang, Xinying Huang, Shuqi Nie, Yujie Chen, Lei Xu, Fengming Liu, Junjian Jiang, Jianguang Xu
Summary: This study used intravital microscopy to observe the dynamic cellular and molecular events following nerve damage. The researchers found that even though the surrounding muscle cells were initially undamaged in this animal model, rapid recruitment of neutrophils delayed subsequent muscle wasting. These findings reveal the immune cell defense mechanism against muscle wasting after peripheral nerve injury.
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Han Lee, Vaishvi Patel, Meghan Onushko, Xin Fang, Sylvain Chemtob, David Olson
Summary: Neutrophils and other leukocytes invade the mouse uterus during term birth, which is necessary for labor initiation. IL-1 beta administration stimulates preterm birth by increasing leukocyte activation, resulting in increased leukocyte invasion of the uterus and fetal brain. This process can be blocked by the use of rytvela.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Chiara Tersigni, Giuseppe Maulucci, Roberta Castellani, Giada Bianchetti, Marianna Onori, Rita Franco, Greta Barbaro, Marco De Spirito, Antonio Lanzone, Giovanni Scambia, Nicoletta Di Simone
Summary: D6 is a scavenger receptor expressed in the human placenta that prevents excessive leukocyte tissue infiltration by internalizing chemokines. In preeclampsia, the D6 receptor is overexpressed in trophoblast cells but functionally impaired due to cytoskeleton destructuring. Enoxaparin can enhance D6 expression and improve cytoskeletal organization in trophoblast cells from preeclampsia patients.
Review
Immunology
Peter W. West, Silvia Bulfone-Paus
Summary: Mast cells exhibit heterogeneity in different tissues and their interactions with immune cells may be regulated by tissue-specific factors.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Shuang Peng, Jian Gao, Darko Stojkov, Shida Yousefi, Hans-Uwe Simon
Summary: Neutrophils, the most abundant innate immune cells in human blood, have been overlooked in terms of their mitochondria function. However, growing evidence shows that mitochondria play a crucial role in various aspects of neutrophil biology, from development to chemotaxis, effector function, and cell death. Mitochondria and their components can also be released by neutrophils to eliminate infection and shape immune response. This review highlights the importance of mitochondria in modulating neutrophil phenotype and function during infection and inflammation, and discusses the potential and challenges of exploiting mitochondria in neutrophils for disease treatment.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aref Hosseini, Darko Stojkov, Timothee Fettrelet, Rostyslav Bilyy, Shida Yousefi, Hans-Uwe Simon
Summary: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and oxidative stress play important roles in the immune defense against pathogens. However, impaired clearance of NETs in the lungs of COVID-19 patients may contribute to severe respiratory syndrome infection. Through RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry methods, the study identified increased oxidative stress and viral-related signaling pathways in COVID-19 patients' lungs. Excess neutrophil infiltration and NET formation, with oxidized extracellular DNA co-localizing with myeloperoxidase (MPO), were observed. The lipid peroxidation marker 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) showed high colocalization with NETs and correlated with lung neutrophil infiltration, suggesting its potential as a marker for identifying NETs and disease severity. Local inhalation therapy to reduce lipid oxidation and NETs may benefit severely infected patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Darko Stojkov, Meike J. Claus, Evelyne Kozlowski, Kevin Oberson, Olivier P. Scharen, Charaf Benarafa, Shida Yousefi, Hans-Uwe Simon
Summary: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are released by neutrophils as DNA scaffolds coated with granule proteins to ensnare and kill bacteria. The formation of NETs can occur through independent molecular pathways in response to various stimuli. It has been thought that NET release is associated with lytic cell death, but live neutrophils can release antimicrobial NETs rapidly. Gasdermin D (GSDMD), which causes pyroptotic death in macrophages, is believed to be essential for NET formation in neutrophils. However, the study found that GSDMD is not required for NET formation and that viable neutrophils can form NETs after inflammasome activation through both canonical and noncanonical signaling pathways.
Review
Allergy
Lea Gigon, Timothee Fettrelet, Shida Yousefi, Dagmar Simon, Hans-Uwe Simon
Summary: Eosinophils are bone marrow-derived granulocytes that increase in number during type 2 inflammatory diseases. They migrate to various tissues and organs and have multiple functions through the synthesis and release of granule proteins and pro-inflammatory mediators. The functional role of eosinophils is still debated but they may play a role in host defense and tissue homeostasis.
Article
Immunology
Stav Kozlovski, Ofer Regev, Anita Sapoznikov, Marina Kizner, Hagit Achdout, Ekaterina Petrovich-Kopitman, Jacob Elkahal, Yoseph Addadi, Fernanda Vargas E. Silva Castanheira, Sara W. Feigelson, Paul Kubes, Noam Erez, Natalio Garbi, Ronen Alon
Summary: In this study, the role of ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 in immune responses to influenza infection was investigated in mice. The results showed that lung capillary ICAMs were not essential for the entry of NK and neutrophils into virus-infected lungs. Additionally, ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 had little effect on the recruitment of naive T cells and B lymphocytes in mediastinal lymph nodes, but were critical for humoral immunity and the differentiation of CD8(+) T cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
K. F. Idrisova, H. -U. Simon, M. O. Gomzikova
Summary: It has been discovered that traditional tumor-derived cell lines do not accurately replicate the drug response and behavior of real human cancers. Consequently, more reliable tumor models that mimic the heterogeneity and patho-physiology of patient tumors are being developed. This review aims to outline the current patient-derived models of cancer, discuss their pros and cons, and highlight the progress being made in clinical trials and research in this field.
Meeting Abstract
Dermatology
Dagmar Simon, Kim Klapan, Danielle Dutoit, Christina Burgler, Shida Yousefi, Hans-Uwe Simon
ACTA DERMATO-VENEREOLOGICA
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Medicine, General & Internal
Thomas Greuter, Alex Straumann, Yuniel Fernandez-Marrero, Nina Germic, Aref Hosseini, Shida Yousefi, Dagmar Simon, Margaret H. Collins, Christian Bussmann, Mirna Chehade, Evan S. Dellon, Glenn T. Furuta, Nirmala Gonsalves, Ikuo Hirano, Fouad J. Moawad, Luc Biedermann, Ekaterina Safroneeva, Alain M. Schoepfer, Hans-Uwe Simon
SWISS MEDICAL WEEKLY
(2022)