Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Michael R. Savina, Brett H. Isselhardt, Reto Trappitsch
Summary: The study analyzed spent nuclear fuel samples for actinide isotopic composition using resonance ionization mass spectrometry, finding differences in actinide concentrations and isotope distributions between the core and near-edge regions of fuel pellets due to the skin effect caused by variations in neutron energy spectra. The ability to estimate the enhancement in Pu concentration at the rim of the pellet was demonstrated by measuring the Pu-238/Pu-239 ratio in the presence of a 7400x excess of U-238.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jean-Francois Vigier, Daniel Freis, Olaf Walter, Oliver Dieste Blanco, Daniel Bouexiere, Evelyn Zuleger, Natalia Palina, Tonya Vitova, Rudy J. M. Konings, Karin Popa
Summary: This study demonstrates the successful production of homogeneous nanocrystalline particles of mixed actinide oxide solid solutions containing americium. The nanocrystals were characterized and studied for their structure and behavior under self-irradiation. The results showed that the as-synthesized nanoparticles had smaller crystallographic swelling compared to the sintered products.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jin Wang, Meiling Yin, Juan Liu, Chuan-Chou Shen, Tsai-Luen Yu, Hong-Chun Li, Qiaohui Zhong, Guodong Sheng, Ke Lin, Xiuyang Jiang, Hongliang Dong, Siyu Liu, Tangfu Xiao
Summary: The study found that U contamination and mobilization-release risk are high in reservoir sediments in the U mine area, influenced by discharge of U-containing wastewater. Using U/Th activity ratios and U isotopic compositions, the sources and geochemical behaviors of U in sediments can be inferred to be greatly affected by wastewater discharge and natural processes. The results demonstrate that U-Th isotopes are a powerful tool for better understanding U geochemical processes affected by multiple sources.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Wei Wang, R. Douglas Evans, Hayla E. Evans
Summary: An online separation and preconcentration method using automated flow injection setup and solid phase extraction followed by ICP-MS/MS has been developed for analysis of Sr-90, U, Am, and Pu isotopes. The system offers faster analysis time, smaller sample volumes, minimal sample preparation, low detection limits, and flexibility to handle single and multiple measurements of various radionuclides, making it a novel and fully automated analytical tool. Evaluation of analytical figures of merit with sample matrices like lake water, seawater, and urine showed comparable results to literature reports.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Kaushik Sanyal, Buddhadev Kanrar, Sangita Dhara, Rajesh Pai
Summary: A highly sensitive and simple micro-X-Ray Fluorescence (μ-XRF) method has been developed for the direct non-destructive compositional analysis and micro-homogeneity studies of mixed oxide (MOX) fuel pellets of uranium and thorium.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jianzhang Gao, Jiaqi Chen, Huitao Lv, Xingan Feng, Shitao Liao, Yongde Yan, Yun Xue, Fuqiu Ma
Summary: In this paper, a new process combining electrolysis and leaching is proposed to achieve resource regeneration of uranium and thorium from radioactive wastewater. The results showed that carbonate was the optimal separation system for uranium-thorium separation, with a maximum separation efficiency of 4.8 x 104 at pH 10.5. The study also demonstrated effective electrochemical recovery of uranium and selective leaching of thorium, leading to a roughly tripled purity of the final product. This study provides an effective strategy for reducing waste and achieving the recycling of non-renewable uranium-thorium resources.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Paul Dutheil, Jussi Paatero, Ilia Rodushkin, Timo Sundstroem, Ari-Pekka Leppanen, Susanna Salminen-Paatero
Summary: Knowledge of past anthropogenic sources of radionuclide contamination in Russian Arctic areas is essential for assessing the radioecological situation in these less-studied regions. A study was conducted on lichen and moss samples collected in the 1990s from various locations in the Russian Arctic to investigate the sources of radionuclide contamination. The study found that the main sources of Pu and U in the samples were global fallout, the Chernobyl accident, and possibly local nuclear activities.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Qingzhou Zhao, Zhihong Xu, Zhisheng Yu
Summary: Biochar is considered a promising sorbent for removing radioactive uranyl and thorium ions in freshwater due to its efficiency and ease of operation. Experimental results showed good adsorption performance and applicability to various models for U(VI) and Th(IV). The study also identified key properties of the adsorption reaction that positively impact its feasibility.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. Baratoux, M. Fall, P. -Y Meslin, M. W. Jessell, O. Vanderhaeghe, J. -F Moyen, P. M. Ndiaye, K. Boamah, L. Baratoux, A-S Andre-Mayer
Summary: This study examines the univariate statistics of Potassium (K), thorium (Th), and uranium (U) concentrations in the Earth's oceanic and continental crust using different techniques, and finds significant differences in the frequency distributions of these elements between rock samples and airborne radiometric surveys. Possible causes of these differences include biases in sampling, differences in material chemistry, and measurement scales. The scale factor, according to the central limit theorem, appears to explain most of the observed differences in the distributions of K, Th, and U concentrations. The heterogeneity of concentrations at smaller scales is identified as the main factor influencing the shape of the frequency distributions.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Christophe Maillard, Didier Maloubier, Olivier Boulay, Victor Savigny, Alexandre Quemet
Summary: The study found that the new Pu elution solution plays a significant role in U-Pu separation, improving recovery yields and decontamination factor. The new Pu elution solution needs to be freshly prepared, resin loading rate should be controlled within 30%, and a waiting time of 42 hours for valency adjustment after the addition of H2O2 is necessary.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
G. Drouet, K. Devilliers, A. Van der Meeren
Summary: This study evaluated the binding and uptake of plutonium (Pu) and americium (Am) by bronchial epithelial cells Calu-3 in vitro, finding that the complexation of actinides to bio-ligands may influence their uptake by pulmonary epithelial cells.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Zhongtang Wang, Yun Xie, Jinxian Lin, Zejun Li, Zhaoyi Tan
Summary: A new method was developed for sequential analysis of Pu and Am in soil and sediment using ICPMS. The method successfully removes interfering elements, achieves high chemical recoveries, has low LODs for Pu isotopes, short analysis time, and high decontamination factors, allowing for accurate measurement of Pu and Am in various samples.
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Elham Gharibshahi, Miltos Alamaniotis
Summary: This study models and simulates the optical characteristics of uranium, lead, cobalt, and thorium nanoparticles using the finite element analysis approach. The simulation results show that the absorption peaks of electronic excitations of the nanoparticles red-shift as the particle sizes increase. The study also obtains the optical band gap energies and far-field radiation patterns of the nuclear materials.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Justin C. Wedal, Nathalia Cajiao, Michael L. Neidig, William J. Evans
Summary: A new synthesis of Th(ii) complexes has been discovered, which involves the addition of simple MX salts to Cp'' Th-3(III) in the presence of 18-crown-6 or 2.2.2-cryptand. This synthesis method is applicable to MX salts where M is Li, Na, K and X is H, Cl, Me, N-3.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Anette Regelous, Lars Scharfenberg, Helga De Wall
Summary: The origin and evolution of granites remain debated, with different approaches used to distinguish between granite types. A systematic study on Th/U ratio variations in granites based on their source or tectonic setting has not been carried out, despite the similarities in behavior of these elements during melting processes. This study demonstrates a simple method to differentiate between S-, A-, and I-type granites based on Th and U concentrations and ratios, providing insight into source rock and allowing for easy classification. Th/U ratios increase with rising Th concentrations, with A-type granites showing the highest ratios followed by I- and S-type granites, indicating variations in source heterogeneities and uranium mobilization processes.
Article
Oncology
Moataz Reda, Worapol Ngamcherdtrakul, Shenda Gu, Daniel S. Bejan, Natnaree Siriwon, Joe W. Gray, Wassana Yantasee
Review
Oncology
Molly A. Nelson, Worapol Ngamcherdtrakul, Shiuh-Wen Luoh, Wassana Yantasee
Summary: Increased levels of total tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are associated with good prognosis in several breast cancer subtypes; different subtypes of TILs impact both tumor cells and immune cells in various ways; specific CD8(+) T cells and NK cells are associated with better clinical outcomes; therapeutic strategies include PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, CAR T cell therapy, and ex vivo-stimulated NK cells.
CANCER AND METASTASIS REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shun-Shun Chen, Xu-Xiu Chen, Tian-Yu Yang, Li Chen, Zheng Guo, Xing-Jiu Huang
Summary: A temperature-modulated sensing strategy was proposed to identify and determine BTEX compounds. Highly effective identification of BTEX was achieved using linear discrimination and convolutional neural network analyses. Additionally, quantitative analysis of concentration was accomplished by establishing the relationship between concentration and response.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Myungkyung Noh, Jeong Yeon Sim, Jisung Kim, Jee Hwan Ahn, Hye-Young Min, Jong-Uk Lee, Jong-Sook Park, Ji Yun Jeong, Jae Young Lee, Shin Yup Lee, Hyo-Jong Lee, Choon-Sik Park, Ho-Young Lee
Summary: This study reveals that chronic exposure to PM induces chronic inflammation and development of COPD by dysregulating NAD+ metabolism and subsequent SIRT1 deficiency in pulmonary macrophages. Activation of SIRT1 by resveratrol effectively mitigates PM-induced inflammation and COPD development. Targeting metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming in macrophages induced by PM is a promising strategy for COPD treatment.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yu Liu, Linlin Qin, Yiming Qin, Tong Yang, Haoran Lu, Yulong Liu, Qiqi Zhang, Wenyan Liang
Summary: Co/NC/PAC electrode was prepared by compounding ZIF-67 with powder-activated carbon for the electrocatalytic treatment of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. The degradation efficiency of the four compounds reached 90.2-93.7% under optimal conditions, and the degradation order was pyridazine < pyrimidine < pyrazine < pyridine.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Julien Couturier, Pierre Tamba Oulare, Blanche Collin, Claire Lallemand, Isabelle Kieffer, Julien Longerey, Perrine Chaurand, Jerome Rose, Daniel Borschneck, Bernard Angeletti, Steven Criquet, Renaud Podor, Hamed Pourkhorsandi, Guilhem Arrachart, Clement Levard
Summary: This study analyzes the properties of bauxite residue samples and explores the influence of bauxite ore origin, storage conditions, and storage time. The results show that the speciation of yttrium is related to the origin of bauxite ore, while no significant variation was observed with storage conditions or aging of the residues.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sakthinarenderan Saikumar, Ravi Mani, Mirunalini Ganesan, Inbakandan Dhinakarasamy, Thavamani Palanisami, Dharani Gopal
Summary: Microplastic contamination in marine ecosystems poses a growing concern due to its trophic transfer and negative effects on marine organisms. This study investigates the transfer and impacts of polystyrene microplastics in an estuarine food chain. The results show that microplastics can be transferred through the food chain, although the transfer rates are low. The exposed organisms exhibit stress responses, suggesting the potential risk of microplastics reaching humans through the food chain.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Yan-Jiao Li, Ying Yuan, Wen-Bing Tan, Bei-Dou Xi, Hui Wang, Kun-Long Hui, Jia-Bao Chen, Yi-Fan Zhang, Lian-Feng Wang, Ren-Fei Li
Summary: This review investigated and analyzed the distribution, composition, and abundance of heavy metals and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in landfill. The results showed that heavy metals have lasting effects on ARGs, and complexes of heavy metals and organic matter are common in landfill. This study provides a new basis to better understand the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of ARGs in landfill.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jessy Joseph, Ari Vaisanen, Ajay B. Patil, Manu Lahtinen
Summary: Efficient and environmentally friendly porous hybrid adsorbent beads have been developed for the removal of arsenic from drinking water. The structural tuning of the adsorbents has been shown to have a significant impact on their adsorption performance, with high crystallinity leading to increased adsorption capacity and selectivity towards As5+.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yangyang Liu, Minhua Xiao, Kaiqin Huang, Juntao Cui, Hongli Liu, Yingxin Yu, Shengtao Ma, Xihong Liu, Meiqing Lin
Summary: This study measured the levels of phthalate metabolites in breast milk collected from mothers in southern China. The results showed that phthalates are still prevalent in the region, and breastfeeding contributes to phthalate intake in infants. However, the levels detected do not pose significant health risks to infants based on dietary exposure. The increasing exposure to certain phthalates calls for further research into their sources and potential risks.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhiqiang Wu, Jianxing Sun, Liting Xu, Hongbo Zhou, Haina Cheng, Zhu Chen, Yuguang Wang, Jichao Yang
Summary: Ocean depth affects microbial diversity, composition, and co-occurrence patterns of microplastic microbial communities. Deterministic processes dominate the assembly of mesopelagic plastisphere microbial communities, while stochastic processes shape the assembly of bathypelagic microbial communities. The relationships between microorganisms in the mesopelagic layer are more complex and stable, with Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota playing important roles.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Tingting Xiao, Renjie Chen, Chen Cai, Shijie Yuan, Xiaohu Dai, Bin Dong, Zuxin Xu
Summary: Based on the efficiency of catalytic ozonation techniques in enhancing sludge dewaterability, this study investigated its effectiveness in simultaneous reduction of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes. The results showed that catalytic ozonation conditioning changed the distribution of antibiotics and achieved high degradation rates. It also significantly reduced the abundance of ARGs, inhibited horizontal gene transfer, and decreased the signal transduction of typical ARGs host bacteria.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yang Deng, Xiaohong Guan
Summary: This article discusses two different development approaches for ferrate(VI) technology in water treatment, arguing that process integration is a promising method that can drive technological innovation and revolution in water treatment, achieving higher treatment efficiency, reduced costs and energy consumption, and a smaller physical footprint.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhe Zhang, Lu Zhang, Zhihao Huang, Yuxin Xu, Qingqing Zhao, Hongju Wang, Meiqing Shi, Xiangnan Li, Kai Jiang, Dapeng Wu
Summary: In this study, a floating catalytic foam was designed and prepared to enhance the mass transfer in immobilized photocatalysts for wastewater treatment. The floating catalytic foam could float on the water surface and establish a temperature gradient, effectively promoting the diffusion and adsorption of target molecules during the photocatalytic process.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Muhammad Nafees, Adiba Khan Sehrish, Sarah Owdah Alomrani, Linlin Qiu, Aasim Saeed, Shoaib Ahmad, Shafaqat Ali, Hongyan Guo
Summary: The accumulation of cadmium and antibiotics in edible plants and fertile soil is a worldwide problem. This study investigated the potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles to alleviate the toxicity of both cadmium and antibiotics and promote spinach growth.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lurui Wan, Kai Wang, Yuan Chen, Zhiyong Xu, Wenbo Zhao
Summary: In this study, a low viscosity and high thermal stability SO2 absorbent with dual interacting sites was successfully synthesized. The absorbent showed the highest absorption enthalpy change and entropy change values among reported SO2 absorbents, and exhibited lower viscosity and comparable thermal stability to ILs.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhengwei Zhou, Guojie Ye, Yang Zong, Zhenyu Zhao, Deli Wu
Summary: This study utilized Mo powder and STPP to enhance the performance of the sodium percarbonate system in pollutant degradation. The presence of Mo and STPP resulted in a higher degradation rate of the model pollutant SMX, with low oxidant consumption. The system generated multiple active species through a series of chain reactions at different pH values, exhibiting excellent performance towards electron-rich pollutants. Furthermore, Mo demonstrated excellent stability and reusability.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)