Article
Plant Sciences
Leo Bellin, Michael Melzer, Alexander Hilo, Diana Laura Garza Amaya, Isabel Keller, Joerg Meurer, Torsten Moehlmann
Summary: Nucleotide limitation and imbalance in plants have important consequences on metabolism and gene expression. In this study, we investigated the role of two organellar localized enzymes, chloroplast aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATC) and mitochondrial dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), in pyrimidine metabolism. Knock-down mutants of ATC showed severe phenotypic effects, including low pyrimidine nucleotide levels, reduced photosynthetic capacity, and altered leaf morphology. DHODH knock-down mutants exhibited impaired seed germination and altered mitochondrial ultrastructure. Our findings suggest that ATC and DHODH play critical roles in nucleotide metabolism and have far-reaching effects on plant growth and development.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Li Wang, Yuming Yang, Zhongyi Yang, Wenlong Li, Dezhou Hu, Huilian Yu, Xiao Li, Hao Cheng, Guizhen Kan, Zhijun Che, Dan Zhang, Hengyou Zhang, Hui Wang, Fang Huang, Deyue Yu
Summary: We identified GmFtsH25 as a major gene involved in soybean photosynthesis and found that overexpressing it increased photosynthetic efficiency and starch content, while knocking it out produced opposite phenotypes. GmFtsH25 interacted with GmLHCa2, contributing to enhanced photosynthesis. We also discovered an elite haplotype of GmFtsH25, generated by natural mutations, which appears to have been selected during soybean domestication. This study sheds light on the molecular mechanism by which GmFtsH25 modulates photosynthesis and provides a promising strategy for improving soybean and other crop yields.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Vuong Quoc Nhat, Yusuke Kazama, Kotaro Ishii, Sumie Ohbu, Hisato Kunitake, Tomoko Abe, Tomonari Hirano
Summary: This study identified the role of MED16 in regulating flower and seed sizes by analyzing the ohb1 mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana. Results showed that MED16 and MED25 shared part of the regulatory pathways for petal size, while genetically independent pathways led to cell size restrictions in floral organs not related to the MED complex. The study also revealed that MED16 was involved in seed size regulation, with the size-regulation pathways differing between floral organs and seeds.
Article
Agronomy
Weike Sun, Xu Li, Hongyu Huang, Jingwei Wei, Fang Zeng, Yichao Huang, Qingqing Sun, Weili Miao, Yongqiang Tian, Yuhe Li, Lihong Gao, Xin Li, Hongbo Gao
Summary: A mutation of CsARC6 in cucumber results in white fruit color, as well as influences plant growth and fruit quality. This study discovered a new gene, CsARC6, which not only controls fruit color in cucumber, but also has an impact on plant growth and fruit quality.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shin Taketa, Momoko Hattori, Tsuneaki Takami, Eiko Himi, Wataru Sakamoto
Summary: Barley albino lemma 1 (alm1) mutants exhibit chlorophyll-deficient hulls and reduced spike photosynthesis. The ALM1 gene encodes HvGLK2, a GARP subfamily transcription factor, with mutations in important regions affecting chloroplast structure. HvGLK2 plays nonredundant roles compared to HvGLK1, with more severe phenotypes observed in barley mutants.
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mengting Pi, Shaoqiang Hu, Laichao Cheng, Ruhan Zhong, Zhuoying Cai, Zhongchi Liu, Jia-Long Yao, Chunying Kang
Summary: This study identified a mutant named R27 in woodland strawberry, highlighting the important role of the FveSEP3 gene in flower development and fruit growth. Further experiments showed that FveSEP3 can physically interact with the ABCE proteins in strawberry. Additionally, R27 and fvesep3(CR) mutants displayed parthenocarpic fruit growth and delayed fruit ripening, indicating the regulatory role of FveSEP3 in fruit development.
HORTICULTURE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Zi-Yuan Wang, Wan-Tong Qu, Tong Mei, Nan Zhang, Nai-Ying Yang, Xiao-Feng Xu, Hai-Bo Xiong, Zhong-Nan Yang, Qing-Bo Yu
Summary: This study further analyzed the function of AtRsmD in chloroplast development and photosynthesis, revealing its distinct regulatory roles in chloroplast translation.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shakil Ahmed, Muhammad Tajammal Khan, Asim Abbasi, Inzamam Ul Haq, Aiman Hina, Muhammad Mohiuddin, Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq, Muhammad Zaheer Afzal, Qamar Uz Zaman, Anne Wai Man Ng, Yong Li
Summary: Abiotic stress, especially drought, poses a significant challenge to sustainable agriculture. The use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) has been shown to enhance plant growth and improve crop production during drought stress. This study investigated the role of ZnO NPs in managing drought stress in Coriandrum sativum plants. The results demonstrated that foliar application of 100 ppm ZnO NPs improved the photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll content, and abscisic acid levels in drought-stressed plants.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hu Sun, Shi-Bao Zhang, Jose Javier Peguero-Pina, Wei Huang
Summary: Compared to evergreens, deciduous tree species have higher photosynthetic capacity, which is evolutionally associated with increased stomatal conductance and mesophyll conductance. The difference in mesophyll conductance between the two groups is mainly determined by mesophyll and chloroplast surface area exposed to intercellular air space. Deciduous trees also display a faster induction speed of photosynthesis, mainly due to the maintenance of higher stomatal conductance. These cell-level traits allow deciduous trees to achieve carbon gains comparable to evergreen species despite their shorter growing season.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuan Shi, Bangqian Song, Qin Liang, Deding Su, Wang Lu, Yudong Liu, Zhengguo Li
Summary: Flower and fruit abscission is a crucial physiological process for horticultural plants, which is regulated by multiple factors including hormones, peptides, carbohydrates, polyamines, and cell wall modifying proteins. This review provides an overview of recent studies on the molecular regulatory mechanisms, structure and location of abscission zones, and other factors affecting flower and fruit abscission. The aim is to facilitate the understanding of flower and fruit abscission for horticultural plants.
HORTICULTURAL PLANT JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Zhao, Pichang Gong, Hongyan Liu, Mingshu Zhang, Chaoying He
Summary: This study reveals the potential multiple and integrated roles of floral C-class MADS-box genes in flower and fruit development in Physalis. By characterizing two AG-like genes, it further demonstrates their importance in plant development.
PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Bowen Liu, Ruijia Wang, Jiongjiong Gong, Tianqi Zhu, Si Long, Huan Guo, Tieyuan Liu, Peizhi Yang, Yuefei Xu
Summary: This study explored the responses and adaptation mechanisms of Elymus nutans to cold, drought, and the combination of both stresses. The results showed that both cold and drought stress resulted in damage to the plants, but the combined stress had a more severe impact. Furthermore, the study revealed that the plants adapted to the cold and drought stress through osmotic adjustment and activation of transcription factors.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kevin M. Hines, Vishalsingh Chaudhari, Kristen N. Edgeworth, Thomas G. Owens, Maureen R. Hanson
Summary: The stromal CAs 13-CA1 and 13-CA5 in tobacco play significant roles in leaf development and CO2 fixation, but they are not necessary for maximal photosynthetic rates in C3 plant tobacco.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Islam F. Hassan, Rahaf Ajaj, Maybelle S. Gaballah, Chukwuma C. Ogbaga, Hazem M. Kalaji, Harlene M. Hatterman-Valenti, Shamel M. Alam-Eldein
Summary: This study evaluates the use of nanomaterials, specifically nano-silicon (nSi), to improve the growth and productivity of olive trees under drought conditions in Egypt. The results show that foliar spraying of 200 mg/L nSi at a moderate level of drought reduces the negative effects of drought and improves mechanical resistance, growth, and yield of the olive trees.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Somnath Koley, Kevin L. Chu, Thiya Mukherjee, Stewart A. Morley, Anastasiya Klebanovych, Kirk J. Czymmek, Doug K. Allen
Summary: Photosynthesis in fruits plays a significant role in seed development and yield, particularly in oilseeds where the pods can directly assimilate a large proportion of seed carbon through proximal photosynthesis. This study also highlights the importance of plant architecture beyond leaves in seed filling and maximizing viable seed numbers.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diarmuid S. O'Maoileidigh
Article
Plant Sciences
Kevin Goslin, Beibei Zheng, Antonio Serrano-Mislata, Liina Rae, Patrick T. Ryan, Kamila Kwasniewska, Bennett Thomson, Diarmuid S. O'Maoileidigh, Francisco Madueno, Frank Wellmer, Emmanuelle Graciet
Article
Developmental Biology
Diarmuid S. O'Maoileidigh, Darragh Stewart, Beibei Zheng, George Coupland, Frank Wellmer
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diarmuid S. O'Maoileidigh
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diarmuid O'Maoileidigh
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diarmuid S. O'Maoileidigh
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diarmuid S. O'Maoileidigh, Annabel D. van Driel, Anamika Singh, Qing Sang, Nolwenn Le Bec, Coral Vincent, Enric Bertran Garcia de Olalla, Alice Vayssieres, Maida Romera Branchat, Edouard Severing, Rafael Martinez Gallegos, George Coupland
Summary: The research found that miR172 plays a crucial role in regulating the flowering transition of Arabidopsis by inhibiting the accumulation of AP2 and AP2-LIKE transcription factors at the shoot apex. The activity of miR172 is encoded by 3 MIR172 genes and is essential for floral transition under noninductive photoperiods. The promotion of flowering by miR172 is enhanced by the MADS-domain TF FRUITFULL and their activities are partially coordinated by the TF SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING-LIKE PROTEIN 15.
Review
Cell Biology
Emma Rusilowicz-Jones, Ailbhe J. Brazel, Francesca Frigenti, Sylvie Urbe, Michael J. Clague
Summary: This article presents the comprehensive inventory and distribution of components in the ubiquitin system, focusing on their organization within different cellular compartments. It discusses the diverse cast of resident enzymes in the endoplasmic reticulum and endosomal compartments, as well as the more restricted palette in the Golgi and mitochondria.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qing Sang, Alice Vayssieres, Diarmuid S. O'Maoileidigh, Xia Yang, Coral Vincent, Enric Bertran Garcia de Olalla, Martina Cerise, Rainer Franzen, George Coupland
Summary: The AP2 transcription factor is important for flower development, floral transition, and shoot apical meristem maintenance in Arabidopsis. It is regulated by microRNA172 (miR172) at the post-transcriptional level, but its contribution to shoot apical meristem maintenance is not well understood. In this study, transgenic plants with a miR172-resistant form of AP2 were generated to investigate its role in meristem size and flower production. The results show that miR172-resistant AP2 increases the size of the inflorescence meristem by enlarging cells and increasing cell number. Additionally, the study also identified a negative regulation of AP2 by AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 3 (ARF3). However, genetic analysis suggests that ARF3 independently influences shoot apical meristem size and flower production rate. This study highlights the importance of miR172/AP2 regulation in controlling meristem size and suggests that transcriptional regulation of AP2 by ARF3 fine-tunes shoot apical meristem size determination.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Roisin Fattorini, Diarmuid S. O'Maoileidigh
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hannah Elcocks, Ailbhe J. Brazel, Katy R. McCarron, Manuel Kaulich, Koraljka Husnjak, Heather Mortiboys, Michael J. Clague, Sylvie Urbe
Summary: Selective autophagy of mitochondria, mitophagy, is critical to maintain mitochondrial quality control. Through a CRISPR/Cas9 approach, we identified two proteins, VHL and FBXL4, which act as negative regulators of basal mitophagy by controlling the levels of mitophagy adaptors BNIP3 and BNIP3L/NIX via different mechanisms. Depletion of NIX, but not BNIP3, restores mitophagy levels, providing insights into the pathogenesis of early-onset mitochondrial encephalomyopathy. We also found that a compound called MLN4924 can induce mitophagy, making it a potential therapeutic agent for mitochondrial dysfunction-related conditions.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ailbhe J. Brazel, Roisin Fattorini, Jesse McCarthy, Rainer Franzen, Florian Ruempler, George Coupland, Diarmuid S. o'Maoileidigh
Summary: This study reveals that the MADS domain transcription factor AG inhibits stomatal development on the gynoecial valves of Arabidopsis thaliana, ensuring that maturation of stomatal complexes coincides with fertilization. The regulation by AG is mediated by direct transcriptional repression of a master regulator of the stomatal lineage, MUTE, and this interaction is conserved among several members of the Brassicaceae. This work provides insights into floral organ formation and the control of floral organ photosynthesis.
Letter
Hematology
Marco De Gobbi, Ailbhe J. Brazel, Jacqueline A. Sharpe, Jacqueline A. Sloane-Stanley, Andrew J. Smith, William G. Wood, Douglas Vernimmen
BLOOD CELLS MOLECULES AND DISEASES
(2017)