Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shunsuke Tsuzuki, Shotaro Nakanishi, Mitsuyoshi Tamaki, Takuma Oshiro, Jun Miki, Hiroki Yamada, Tatsuya Shimomura, Takahiro Kimura, Nozomu Furuta, Seiichi Saito, Shin Egawa
Summary: A retrospective study of 233 CRPC patients found that reducing the initial dose of enzalutamide did not significantly decrease the incidence rate of AEs and resulted in poorer PSA response rate. There is currently no clear rationale for using a reduced initial dose of enzalutamide to reduce the incidence of AEs.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xianlu Zhang, Gejun Zhang, Jianfeng Wang, Jianbin Bi
Summary: The network meta-analysis indicated that second-generation androgen receptor inhibitors (ARIs) were superior to the conventional ARI, bicalutamide, in treating castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Among the three second-generation ARIs, enzalutamide and apalutamide demonstrated better therapeutic effects, while darolutamide was slightly less effective. Apalutamide showed a higher rate of adverse events, although no statistical significance was observed among these vital adverse events. Overall, all ARIs were well-tolerated, and these results could provide reference for clinical decisions and further direct comparison trials.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hung-Kai Chen, Po-Jung Su, Yan-Lin Wang, Kai-Cheng Chang, Yu-Li Su, Pei-Hung Chang, Feng-Che Kuan, Chia-Hsun Hsieh, Yung-Chia Kuo, Ting-Wen Sheng, Ching-Fu Chang, Shao-Ming Yu, Wen-Kuan Huang, Yung-Chang Lin, Din-Li Tsan, Kai-Jie Yu, Po-Hung Lin, Hui-Yu Chen, Ying-Hsu Chang, See-Tong Pang, Cheng-Keng Chuang, Edward Chia-Cheng Lai
Summary: This retrospective cohort study compared the long-term effectiveness and risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients treated with enzalutamide (ENZ) or abiraterone (AA) in Taiwan. The study found that ENZ had a higher PSA response rate compared to AA in these patients. However, there was no significant difference in PSA progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between ENZ and AA. ENZ was associated with a lower risk of MACE compared to AA, suggesting it may be more suitable for mCRPC patients with a high cardiovascular risk profile.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Arif Hussain, Shan Jiang, Della Varghese, Sreevalsa Appukkuttan, Nehemiah Kebede, Kajan Gnanasakthy, Cynthia Macahilig, Reg Waldeck, Shelby Corman
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients receiving treatment with apalutamide and enzalutamide for non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC). The study found a high incidence of adverse events (AEs) in nmCRPC patients treated with apalutamide and enzalutamide, which is significant for the development of clinical trial evidence and the treatment landscape for nmCRPC.
Article
Immunology
Joseph Fraiman, Juan Erviti, Mark Jones, Sander Greenland, Patrick Whelan, Robert M. Kaplan, Peter Doshi
Summary: This study found that mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are associated with an excess risk of serious adverse events, emphasizing the need for formal harm-benefit analyses, particularly those stratified according to risk of serious COVID-19 outcomes.
Article
Oncology
Ke Gao, Xiaoshun Li, Jianxin Ni, Bin Wu, Jiaheng Guo, Rui Zhang, Guojun Wu
Summary: This article introduces the roles of dysregulation of different subclasses of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) progression and Enzalutamide (Enz) resistance. The mechanisms of Enz resistance, including AR-splice variant-7 (AR-V7), mutations, circRNAs, and lncRNAs that act as miRNA sponges, are discussed. The contributions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and glucose metabolism to Enz resistance are also highlighted. The article summarizes the different mechanisms of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in the progression of CRPC and Enz resistance, and discusses future therapeutic strategies against Enz resistance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai, Lei Huang, Celine Sze Ling Chui, Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Xue Li, Carlos King Ho Wong, Edward Wai Wa Chan, Tiantian Ma, Dawn Hei Lum, Janice Ching Nam Leung, Hao Luo, Esther Wai Yin Chan, Ian Chi Kei Wong
Summary: This study, using electronic health records from Hong Kong, found that adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination are rare for all groups, and there is no evidence of risk modification due to multimorbidity.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Emmanuel S. Antonarakis, Sumit K. Subudhi, Christopher M. Pieczonka, Lawrence I. Karsh, David I. Quinn, Jason M. Hafron, Helen M. Wilfehrt, Matthew Harmon, Nadeem A. Sheikh, Neal D. Shore, Daniel P. Petrylak
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of sequential or concurrent administration of androgen receptor-targeting agents (ARTAs) on sipuleucel-T immune response and overall survival (OS) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The results showed that the median OS remained consistent regardless of whether the agents were administered sequentially or concurrently, and sipuleucel-T induced an immunologic prime-boost effect after initial exposure, even when combined with ARTAs.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abbas Khan, Yuanshen Mao, Sana Tahreem, Dong-Qing Wei, Yanjing Wang
Summary: This study examines the impact of AR gene mutations on resistance to Enzalutamide using structural bioinformatics and molecular simulation methods. The mutations alter the binding mode of Enzalutamide, disrupting the antagonist activity by misstargeting key residues. These findings provide a structural basis for understanding resistance mechanisms and designing effective drugs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eunjeong Seo, Byula Jee, Jae Hoon Chung, Wan Song, Hyun Hwan Sung, Hwang Gyun Jeon, Byong Chang Jeong, Seong Il Seo, Seong Soo Jeon, Hyun Moo Lee, Minyong Kang
Summary: In this study, the researchers discovered that the AR-V7/YAP1/TAZ axis represses the expression of SLC22A3, leading to resistance to enzalutamide (ENZ) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). This finding provides new insights into potential treatment targets for prostate cancer.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sisi Qin, Huanyao Gao, Wootae Kim, Huan Zhang, Yayun Gu, Krishna R. Kalari, Jason P. Sinnwell, Jodi A. Scholz, Fang Xie, Ping Yin, Jia Yu, Bo Qin, Yongxian Zhuang, Lixuan Wei, Winston Tan, Alan H. Bryce, Richard M. Weinshilboum, Liewei Wang
Summary: This study identified three drugs that could potentially be alternative treatments for abiraterone nonresponders in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Additionally, eleven genes targeted by these drugs were associated with worse outcomes in both PROMOTE and Stand Up To Cancer cohorts. Further clinical investigation is needed to determine the efficacy of these alternative therapies.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Maibritt Norgaard, Marianne T. Bjerre, Jacob Fredsoe, Soren Vang, Jorgen B. Jensen, Bram De Laere, Henrik Groenberg, Michael Borre, Johan Lindberg, Karina D. Sorensen
Summary: The clinical utility of low-pass whole-genome sequencing (LPWGS) of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for prognostication in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) was examined. The study found that high ctDNA% and high copy number alteration (CNA) burden at baseline were associated with poor treatment response, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). These findings were confirmed in an independent cohort.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yuanyuan Wang, Jiyuan Chen, Zhengjie Wu, Weihong Ding, Shen Gao, Yuan Gao, Chuanliang Xu
Summary: This review examines the emerging information on resistance mechanisms to enzalutamide in castration-resistant prostate cancer, including various signaling pathways and metabolic effects, and suggests potential therapeutic strategies for overcoming enzalutamide resistance.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Dermatology
Jingyao Liang, Sanquan Zhang, Qian Li, Yihui Yu, Xiaoyin Chen, Xibao Zhang
Summary: Although secukinumab has shown high efficacy and safety in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, it can lead to adverse events of special interest (AESI) such as inflammatory bowel disease, eczematous drug eruption, drug-associated vasculitis, and drug-induced lupus erythematosus. Most of these AESI are mild to moderate and resolve after discontinuation of secukinumab.
DERMATOLOGIC THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yi-Ting Lin, Yen-Chun Huang, Chih-Kuan Liu, Tian-Shyug Lee, Mingchih Chen, Yu-Ning Chien
Summary: Secondary hormone therapy with abiraterone and enzalutamide has significantly improved outcomes for mCRPC patients. Enzalutamide was found to be superior to abiraterone in terms of overall survival, and there was no statistically significant difference in the development of new comorbidities between the two groups. The Charlson comorbidity index score, rather than individual items, was a statistically significant predictor for overall survival.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
