Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elena Marisol Cruz-Garcia, Maria E. Frigolet, Samuel Canizales-Quinteros, Ruth Gutierrez-Aguilar
Summary: The main roles of adipose tissue are to store triglycerides and secrete adipokines, which regulate energy balance and inflammation. In obesity, dysfunction of adipocytes leads to inflammation and insulin resistance. This systematic review aimed to identify differentially expressed genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue of lean, obese, and post-RYGB individuals. The results showed that both the lean state and post-RYGB are similar in terms of increased expression of insulin-sensitizing molecules, promoting lipogenesis over lipolysis, and downregulating factors that promote inflammation.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuying Li, Jiayin Li, Haibo Yu, Yanxia Liu, Haixu Song, Xiaoxiang Tian, Dan Liu, Chenghui Yan, Yaling Han
Summary: This study reveals that miR-574-5p promotes adipogenesis through activation of HOXA5 and modulation of HDAC9. Interestingly, overexpression of miR-574-5p in subcutaneous fat alleviated high-fat-diet-induced insulin resistance, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target against obesity-related insulin resistance.
MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alejandro Hinojosa-Moscoso, Anna Motger-Alberti, Elena De la Calle-Vargas, Marian Marti-Navas, Carles Biarnes, Maria Arnoriaga-Rodriguez, Gerard Blasco, Josep Puig, Diego Luque-Cordoba, Feliciano Priego-Capote, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete, Jose Manuel Fernandez-Real
Summary: Excess iron is associated with dysfunction in adipose tissue and insulin resistance. In this study, it was found that markers of iron status were linked to changes in abdominal adipose tissue over one year. These associations were mainly observed in women and non-obese subjects, and were independent of insulin sensitivity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pavel Hruska, Jan Kucera, Matej Pekar, Pavol Holeczy, Miloslav Mazur, Marek Buzga, Daniela Kuruczova, Peter Lenart, Jana Fialova Kucerova, David Potesil, Zbynek Zdrahal, Julie Bienertova-Vasku
Summary: The study compared the proteomic profiles of mature adipocytes from different adipose tissue depots, with findings showing that subcutaneous adipocytes are more active in vesicular transport, secretion, and lipid metabolism, while visceral adipocytes have higher protein expression related to mitochondrial energy metabolism and translational or biosynthetic activity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandre Pinel, Jean-Paul Rigaudiere, Beatrice Morio, Frederic Capel
Summary: The study showed that continuous intake of EPA-rich fish oil for three generations could reduce activation of inflammatory processes, maintain metabolic homeostasis, and decrease dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism and mitochondrial functions in response to an obesogenic diet. Continuous intake of long chain n-3 PUFA may be beneficial in preventing the effects of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ruping Pan, Yong Chen
Summary: Obesity is characterized by the overaccumulation of white adipose tissue in the body, leading to various metabolic disorders. Targeting human thermogenic adipose tissues shows promise in combating obesity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jerrold J. Heindel, Jessica A. Alvarez, Ella Atlas, Matthew C. Cave, Vaia Lida Chatzi, David Collier, Barbara Corkey, Douglas Fischer, Michael I. Goran, Sarah Howard, Scott Kahan, Matthias Kayhoe, Suneil Koliwad, Catherine M. Kotz, Michele La Merrill, Tim Lobstein, Carey Lumeng, David S. Ludwig, Robert H. Lustig, Pete Myers, Angel Nadal, Leonardo Trasande, Leanne M. Redman, Matthew S. Rodeheffer, Robert M. Sargis, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Thomas R. Ziegler, Bruce Blumberg
Summary: On September 7 and 8, 2022, a scientific workshop was held to review the role of obesogenic chemicals in causing obesity. The workshop aimed to examine the evidence, discuss acceptance and dissemination of obesogens, and consider future research and mitigation strategies. The report highlights the agreement among attendees that obesogens are real contributors to obesity and that they can be remedied.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marina Chaves de Oliveira, Ana Leticia Malheiros Silveira, Amanda Carla Clemente de Oliveira, Jaqueline Pereira Lana, Katia Anunciacao Costa, Erica Leandro Marciano Vieira, Vanessa Pinho, Mauro Martins Teixeira, Fatiha Merabtene, Genevieve Marcelin, Karine Clement, Adaliene Versiani Matos Ferreira
Summary: This study evaluated the participation of eosinophils in metabolic and adipose tissue homeostasis in mice and humans, showing that eosinophils play a role in controlling systemic and adipose tissue metabolic homeostasis by modulating glucose metabolism, inflammation, and visceral fat expansion. These findings provide important insights into the pathogenesis of obesity and metabolic-related diseases.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Alba Sabate-Perez, Montserrat Romero, Paula Sanchez-Fernandez-de-Landa, Stefania Carobbio, Michail Mouratidis, David Sala, Pablo Engel, Josep A. Villena, Sam Virtue, Antonio Vidal-Puig, Manuel Palacin, Xavier Testar, Antonio Zorzano
Summary: The study reveals a novel molecular mechanism by which TP53INP2 regulates PPARG activity and brown adipogenesis through autophagy, and demonstrates the importance of TP53INP2 in maintaining thermogenic capacity and preventing lipid accumulation in brown adipose tissue. These findings provide insights into the therapeutic strategies against obesity and its metabolic complications.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jilong Han, Tingting Guo, Yaojing Yue, Zengkui Lu, Jianbin Liu, Chao Yuan, Chune Niu, Min Yang, Bohui Yang
Summary: Tail adipose tissue plays a crucial role in enhancing environmental tolerance for sheep, and this study aimed to explore the development mechanisms of this trait. Proteomic analysis revealed differentially expressed proteins in the tail adipose tissues between fat-tailed and thin-tailed sheep, mainly related to metabolism pathways and the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway. Up-regulated proteins like ACS L1, HSD17 beta 4, FABP4 may contribute to tail fat deposition by promoting adipocyte proliferation and fat accumulation.
Review
Cell Biology
Emma Borgeson, Jeremie Boucher, Carolina E. Hagberg
Summary: The rise of obesity and metabolic diseases has sparked an interest in studying adipose tissue. However, there are key differences between mouse and human adipose tissue that can lead to confounding results. This review highlights the differences between human and mouse adipocytes and provides guidance for researchers.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jiwon Lim, Yerim Heo, Sun Shim Choi
Summary: DNAm is important for regulating cellular activities, and this study investigated its alterations in obesity. Using methylome and transcriptome data, differentially methylated probes (DMPs) were identified between adipocytes and preadipocytes, as well as between obese and lean adipocytes. The study also examined the impact of hyper and hypomethylation on gene expression changes. Interestingly, greater DNAm alterations were observed during adipocyte differentiation under lean conditions compared to obese conditions. Overall, complex methylation changes affected adipogenesis-related genes, leading to differences in gene expression between lean and obese adipocytes.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Wei Shen, Michael S. Middleton, Guilherme M. Cunha, Timoteo I. Delgado, Tanya Wolfson, Anthony Gamst, Kathryn J. Fowler, Adina Alazraki, Andrew T. Trout, Michael A. Ohliger, Shetal N. Shah, Mustafa R. Bashir, David E. Kleiner, Rohit Loomba, Brent A. Neuschwander-Tetri, Arun J. Sanyal, Jane Zhou, Claude B. Sirlin, Joel E. Lavine
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between reduction in adipose tissue compartment volumes and hepatic histologic improvement in adults with obesity and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The findings showed that reductions in deep subcutaneous adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue volumes were associated with histologic improvement in NASH.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Liu Liu, Jurgen Wess
Summary: The functional state of adipocytes has a crucial role in metabolic functions. Different types of adipocytes regulate energy and glucose homeostasis in various ways. G protein-coupled receptors and their signaling pathways in adipocytes have been found to be potential targets for developing drugs to treat obesity and related metabolic disorders.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Shanu Jain, Sai P. Pydi, Young-Hwan Jung, Mirko Scortichini, Efrat L. Kesner, Tadeusz P. Karcz, Donald N. Cook, Oksana Gavrilova, Jurgen Wess, Kenneth A. Jacobson
Summary: Obesity is a major factor in the global epidemic of type 2 diabetes, with elevated plasma free fatty acids contributing to insulin resistance; adipocyte P2Y(14)Rs play a crucial role in regulating lipid and glucose homeostasis, with their absence enhancing lipolysis, reducing body weight, and improving glucose tolerance; P2Y(14)R antagonists may hold therapeutic potential for obesity and T2D by inhibiting lipolysis.
Article
Biophysics
Alejandra N. Torres, Ludgero Tavares, Maria J. Pereira, Jan W. Eriksson, John G. Jones
Summary: This study characterized the fatty acid composition and positional distribution of triglycerides in human subcutaneous adipose tissue using C-13 NMR spectroscopy. The study found that the sn2 position of triglycerides is enriched with monounsaturated fatty acids, while the sn1,3 position is enriched with saturated fatty acids. Furthermore, the study revealed a significant positive correlation between palmitoleic acid levels and both BMI and insulin sensitivity.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Erik Stenberg, Henrik Larsson, Richard Marsk, Yang Cao, Magnus Sundbom, Erik Naslund
Summary: This study aimed to assess the short-term and long-term outcomes of metabolic and bariatric surgery in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The results showed that patients with ADHD treated pharmacologically for ADHD experienced similar weight loss and remission of obesity-related diseases compared to patients without ADHD. However, they reported a lower health-related quality of life and had an increased risk of substance abuse and self-harm.
SURGERY FOR OBESITY AND RELATED DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria J. Pereira, Ayesha Azim, Susanne Hetty, Bipasha Nandi Jui, Joel Kullberg, Martin H. Lundqvist, Jan W. Eriksson
Summary: This study aims to investigate the expression of interleukin-33 (IL-33) in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) subjects and its effects on human adipocyte glucose uptake. The results showed that T2D subjects had higher IL-33 gene and protein expression in SAT, which was associated with insulin resistance and reduced gene expression of markers related to lipid storage and adipogenesis. Additionally, IL-33 treatment reduced adipocyte glucose uptake.
Article
Cell Biology
Milica Vranic, Fozia Ahmed, Susanne Hetty, Assel Sarsenbayeva, Vitor Ferreira, Giovanni Fanni, Angela M. Valverde, Jan W. Eriksson, Maria J. Pereira
Summary: We investigated the effects of second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) on adipocyte differentiation and metabolism and found that aripiprazole (ARI) can impair adipocyte glucose uptake and increase fatty acid oxidation gene expression, while olanzapine (OLA) can increase leptin gene expression. These findings have important implications for understanding the metabolic effects of antipsychotic drugs and suggest that different SGAs may have different mechanisms of action.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Anna Laurenius, Magnus Sundbom, Johan Ottosson, Erik Näslund, Erik Stenberg
Summary: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of kidney stones, especially after metabolic and bariatric surgery. However, there is a lack of reports on baseline risk factors and larger population-based cohorts. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk factors for postoperative kidney stones after bariatric surgery by comparing them to a matched control group from the normal population.
Article
Surgery
Magnus Sundbom, Eladio Cabrera, Rickard Nyman, Charlotte Ebeling Barbier, Ulf Johnson, Mikael Ljungdahl
Summary: This study compared percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) with radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG) in adults and found that PEG had shorter operative time, lower rate of adverse events, and lower 30-day mortality, making it the recommended primary procedure. However, RIG is also a valid alternative method.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jana Gruttner, Jorik M. van Rijn, Petra Geiser, Alexandra Florbrant, Dominic-Luc Webb, Per M. Hellstrom, Magnus Sundbom, Mikael E. Sellin, Staffan G. Svard
Summary: Giardia intestinalis is a parasite that infects the upper small intestine of mammals. It can cause diarrhoeal disease in humans, but many infections do not cause symptoms. The molecular mechanisms behind these different outcomes are still unclear.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jan W. Eriksson, Reem A. Emad, Martin H. Lundqvist, Niclas Abrahamsson, Maria C. Kjellsson
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between insulin sensitivity and the secretion of counter-regulatory hormones, and how the dysregulation of these hormones can lead to insulin resistance and potentially diabetes. The results showed that insulin resistance explained the elevated glucagon levels and potentiated cortisol-axis response to hypoglycemia, which may contribute to dysglycemia and possibly type 2 diabetes over time.
ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Martin H. Lundqvist, Maria J. Pereira, Kristina Almby, Susanne Hetty, Jan W. Eriksson
Summary: Counter-regulatory hormonal responses to glucose variations differ in individuals with type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and normoglycemia, and may contribute to the progression of the disease by promoting insulin resistance and dysglycemia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Filip Moller, Jakob Hedberg, Martin Skogar, Magnus Sundbom
Summary: In super obesity, biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD/DS) is advocated by some surgeons as a more effective procedure compared to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). However, there is limited evidence on long-term outcomes beyond 10 years. This study compared the long-term outcome of BPD/DS and RYGB in patients with super obesity and found that BPD/DS resulted in superior weight loss, metabolic control, and BAROS score, but with more adverse events.
Editorial Material
Respiratory System
Magnus Sundbom
JOURNAL OF THORACIC DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Eva Randell, Petros Katsogiannos, Janeth Leksell, Jan W. W. Eriksson, Magnus Sundbom, Maria Svedbo Engstrom
Summary: This qualitative study examined how adults with previous type 2 diabetes perceived different sources of support two years after bariatric surgery. The findings revealed that support needs changed over time and that long-term professional and day-to-day support from family and other networks were essential and complementary.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giovanni Fanni, Christakis Kagios, Erika Roman, Magnus Sundbom, Johan Wikstrom, Sven Haller, Jan W. Eriksson
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) on brain connectivity, and found that RYGB can alter the connectivity of neural pathways related to reward, inhibitory control, and energy homeostasis. These changes are associated with alterations in hypoglycemic responses and may contribute to the glucose metabolic outcomes of RYGB.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Martin H. Lundqvist, Maria J. Pereira, Jan W. Eriksson
Summary: This study investigates whether inflammatory responses to glycemic and insulinemic variations are altered in obese individuals. The results show that hyperinsulinemia, hypoglycemia, and hyperglycemia lead to a decrease in multiple inflammatory markers, and the inflammatory response is more pronounced in obese individuals during hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.