Article
Immunology
Tingting Wang, Aoming Jin, Ying Fu, Zaiqiang Zhang, Shaowu Li, David Wang, Yilong Wang
Summary: In cognitively impaired patients with CSVD, the heterogeneity of WMH may be related to conventional imaging features and injury of penetrating arteries, serving as a hallmark for early identification and prevention of cognitive impairment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ellen Backhouse, Susan D. Shenkin, Andrew M. McIntosh, Mark E. Bastin, Heather C. Whalley, Maria Valdez Hernandez, Susana Munoz Maniega, Mathew A. Harris, Aleks Stolicyn, Archie Campbell, Douglas Steele, Gordon D. Waiter, Anca-Larisa Sandu, Jennifer M. J. Waymont, Alison D. Murray, Simon R. Cox, Susanne R. de Rooij, Tessa J. Roseboom, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: This study found that early life factors such as birth weight, childhood IQ, and education level are associated with small vessel disease in later life, independent of each other, vascular risk factors, and adult socio-economic status. These findings suggest that risk for small vessel disease may originate in early life and highlight the importance of investing in early child development to improve brain health and prevent dementia and stroke in older age.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Hilde van den Brink, Fergus N. Doubal, Marco Duering
Summary: This review summarizes recent advancements in advanced neuroimaging techniques for cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD), including structural imaging, functional and dynamic abnormality imaging, and the application of ultrahigh field MRI at 7 T. These advanced techniques provide novel pathophysiological insights into cSVD, allow improved quantification of disease burden and progression, and have important applications in clinical trials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Zhe Sun, Chenyang Li, Thomas W. Wisniewski, E. Mark Haacke, Yulin Ge
Summary: The study used Ferumoxytol-enhanced 7T MRI to visualize cerebral small vessel tortuosity and explored its links to age, BMI, tissue atrophy, WMH, and PVS. The results showed positive correlations between tortuous artery count and tortuosity indices with age and BMI, and a significant correlation between the number of tortuous arteries and WM atrophy.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Dewenter, Benno Gesierich, Annemieke Ter Telgte, Kim Wiegertjes, Mengfei Cai, Mina A. Jacob, Jose P. Marques, David G. Norris, Nicolai Franzmeier, Frank-Erik De Leeuw, Anil M. Tuladhar, Marco Duering
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical and technical validity of structural brain network analysis in patients with cerebral small vessel disease. The findings suggest that brain networks offer only minimal additional benefit compared to simpler global white matter diffusion metrics and do not effectively capture short-term disease progression.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiao Hu, Zhong-Song Xiao, Yi-Qing Shen, Wen-Song Yang, Peng Wang, Pei-Zheng Li, Zi-Jie Wang, Ming-Jun Pu, Li-Bo Zhao, Peng Xie, Qi Li
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between several inflammatory biomarkers and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) features. The results showed that the SERPINA3 level was associated with WMH severity, revealing a novel biomarker for CSVD and validating its relationship with inflammation and endothelial dysfunction.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Lingling Jiang, Xueli Cai, Dongxiao Yao, Jing Jing, Lerong Mei, Yingying Yang, Shan Li, Aoming Jin, Xia Meng, Hao Li, Tiemin Wei, Yongjun Wang, Yuesong Pan, Yilong Wang
Summary: This community-based study found an association between neutrophil count (NC) and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), especially for basal ganglia perivascular spaces and lacunes, and provided evidence supporting the prognostic significance of NC.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Meng-Ting Li, Jia Ke, Shu-Fen Guo, Li-Li Shan, Jia-Hao Gong, Tian-Ci Qiao, Hao-Yu Tian, Yang Wu, Zheng-Yu Peng, Xue-Qian Zeng, Yan Han
Summary: HZQMY could promote cell proliferation, cell migration, angiogenesis, reduce mitochondrial membrane potential damage and inhibit apoptosis, possibly by regulating key targets such as IL-1β, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and VEGF to treat CSVD.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thijs R. J. Landman, Dick H. J. Thijssen, Anil M. Tuladhar, Frank-Erik de Leeuw
Summary: Regular physical activity was found to be associated with lower all-cause mortality and reduced incidence of cerebrovascular events in patients with cerebral small vessel disease, but showed no relationship with the progression of MRI markers of the disease over a nine-year follow-up period.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Sagar Buch, Yongsheng Chen, Pavan Jella, Yulin Ge, E. Mark Haacke
Summary: This study introduces the use of Ferumoxytol to map the hippocampal micro-vasculature and evaluate the quantitative change in tissue fractional vascular density in each subfield. The results show differences in micro-vascular density among different parts of the hippocampus, and a significant correlation between micro-vascular density in the CA1 region and age, indicating a loss of hippocampal vascularity in the normal aging process. The study suggests that vascular degeneration may precede tissue atrophy.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marlies P. Noz, Annemieke ter Telgte, Kim Wiegertjes, Anil M. Tuladhar, Charlotte Kaffa, Simone Kersten, Siroon Bekkering, Charlotte D. C. C. van der Heijden, Alexander Hoischen, Leo A. B. Joosten, Mihai G. Netea, Marco Duering, Frank-Erik de Leeuw, Niels P. Riksen
Summary: The study found that individuals with progressive SVD have circulating monocytes with an inflammatory phenotype, characterized by increased cytokine production capacity and a pro-inflammatory transcriptional signature.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Xudong Li, Miaoxin Shen, Yi Jin, Shuhong Jia, Zhi Zhou, Ziling Han, Xiangfei Zhang, Xiaopeng Tong, Jinsong Jiao
Summary: The study investigated the main imaging features of cerebral small vessel disease in different subtypes of mild cognitive impairment. Results showed that there were varied neuroimaging features of CSVD including cerebral atrophy in different MCI groups, indicating that vascular mechanism contributed to the prodromal stage of dementia.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ying-hao Yang, Shan-shan Li, Yun-chao Wang, Lu-lu Yu, Hang-hang Zhu, Jing-hao Wu, Wen-kai Yu, Lu An, Wen-xin Yuan, Yan Ji, Yu-ming Xu, Yuan Gao, Yu-sheng Li
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether serum NGAL levels could predict disease severity in patients with CSVD. The findings showed that age, sex, history of cerebrovascular disease, serum NGAL level, and diabetes were significantly associated with CSVD severity. In addition, periventricular white matter hyperintensities and cerebral microbleed were associated with serum NGAL concentrations. Overall, serum NGAL level is closely related to CSVD severity and is a risk factor for the burden of CSVD brain damage.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yvette Zarb, Sucheta Sridhar, Sina Nassiri, Sebastian Guido Utz, Johanna Schaffenrath, Upasana Maheshwari, Elisabeth J. Rushing, K. Peter R. Nilsson, Mauro Delorenzi, Marco Colonna, Melanie Greter, Annika Keller
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of microglia in vascular calcification within the neurovascular unit, with a specific activation phenotype termed calcification-associated microglia. Pharmacological ablation of microglia exacerbates vessel calcification, while microglia rely on functional TREM2 to control vascular calcification. These findings suggest a beneficial function of microglial activity in pathological vascular calcification and highlight a previously unrecognized role of microglia in halting the expansion of vascular calcification.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Rick J. Tuijl, Ynte M. Ruigrok, Lennart J. Geurts, Irene C. Schaaf, Geert Jan Biessels, Gabriel J. E. Rinkel, Birgitta K. Velthuis, Jaco J. M. Zwanenburg
Summary: This study found that increased pulsatility and decreased distensibility along the internal carotid artery (ICA) are associated with intracranial ICA calcification (iICAC) in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD), which may contribute to the development of cSVD.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Philip M. Bath, Iris Mhlanga, Lisa J. Woodhouse, Fergus Doubal, Katherine Oatey, Alan A. Montgomery, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: The study is a feasibility study to evaluate the effectiveness of silostazol and isosorbide mononitrate in preventing the progression of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). This study is of great importance for the prevention and treatment of SVD.
STROKE AND VASCULAR NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kailash Krishnan, Zhe Kang Law, Lisa J. Woodhouse, Rob A. Dineen, Nikola Sprigg, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Philip M. Bath
Summary: In this study, measures of intracranial compartments in acute intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) were assessed using computerised tomography scans. The study found that ICH volume adjusted for intracranial and cerebral parenchymal volume could be useful in predicting functional outcomes in acute stroke. Additionally, midline shift and cistern effacement may predict outcome but further validation is needed.
STROKE AND VASCULAR NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anda Bularga, Kuan Ken Lee, Anoop S. V. Shah, Atul Anand, Andrew R. Chapman, Chris Tuck, David E. Newby, Sarah Jenks, Nicholas L. Mills, Dorien M. Kimenai
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Beth Whittington, Evangelos Tzolos, Michelle C. Williams, Marc R. Dweck, David E. Newby
Summary: The identification of intracoronary thrombus and atherothrombosis is crucial for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction. Invasive coronary angiography remains the primary imaging modality, but more recent non-invasive angiographic techniques like CT and MRI have improved visualisation of coronary artery disease. Invasive intravascular imaging approaches, such as angioscopy, intravascular ultrasound, and optical coherence tomography, provide direct visualisation of coronary atheroma and better thrombus detection. Non-invasive detection of intracoronary thrombus using radiotracers holds promise but has not been widely implemented in routine clinical practice.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mohammed N. Meah, Ryan Wereski, Anda Bularga, Edwin J. R. van Beek, Marc R. Dweck, Nicholas L. Mills, David E. Newby, Damini Dey, Michelle Claire Williams, Kuan Ken Lee
Summary: In patients with acute chest pain, plasma cardiac troponin I concentrations >= 5 ng/L, even without myocardial infarction, are associated with a higher burden of low-attenuation coronary plaque. This suggests that cardiac troponin may be indicative of future adverse cardiovascular events in these patients.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Praveen Thokala, Steve Goodacre, Katherine Oatey, Rachel O'Brien, David E. Newby, Alasdair Gray
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of early CT coronary angiography (CTCA) for intermediate risk patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS), compared with standard care. The results showed that within the trial, there were no significant differences in costs or QALYs between early CTCA and standard care. Long-term economic analysis suggested higher long-term costs with CTCA and uncertain effect on long-term QALYs, making routine use of CTCA for suspected ACS unlikely to be a cost-effective use of NHS resources.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mateusz Siedlinski, Lorenzo Carnevale, Xiaoguang Xu, Daniela Carnevale, Evangelos Evangelou, Mark J. Caulfield, Pasquale Maffia, Joanna Wardlaw, Nilesh J. Samani, Maciej Tomaszewski, Giuseppe Lembo, Michael Holmes, Tomasz J. Guzik
Summary: Observational and genetic data were used to study the relationship between blood pressure and cognitive function. The study identified brain structures associated with blood pressure and found that higher systolic blood pressure may have an adverse effect on cognitive function. These findings contribute to our understanding of the negative impact of hypertension on cognitive performance.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Salvatore Rudilosso, Michael S. Stringer, Michael Thrippleton, Francesca Chappell, Gordon W. Blair, Daniela Jaime Garcia, Fergus Doubal, Iona Hamilton, Esther Janssen, Anna Kopczak, Michael Ingrisch, Danielle Kerkhofs, Walter H. Backes, Julie Staals, Marco Duering, Martin Dichgans, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: Blood-brain barrier impairment is common in cerebral small vessel disease, and its relationship with SVD lesions was investigated using DCE-MRI in a cohort of 69 patients. The study found that SVD lesions frequently collocate with high BBB-leakage in patients with both sporadic and monogenic forms of SVD. The presence and number of BBB-leakage hotspots were associated with factors such as WMH-CVR and WMH volume.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stefan Sennfalt, Michael J. Thrippleton, Michael Stringer, Carmen Arteaga Reyes, Francesca Chappell, Fergus Doubal, Daniela J. Garcia, Junfang Zhang, Yajun Cheng, Joanna Wardlaw
Summary: This study investigates brain fluid outflow pathways using MRI techniques and finds that these pathways can be visualized using conventional MRI. The results suggest that interstitial fluid drains via cortical perivenous spaces and are associated with small vessel disease.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dimitrios M. Doudesis, Kuan Ken Lee, Jasper Boeddinghaus, Anda Bularga, Amy E. Ferry, Chris D. Tuck, Matthew T. H. Lowry, Pedro Lopez-Ayala, Thomas Nestelberger, Luca E. Koechlin, Miguel Bernabeu, Lis Neubeck, Atul Anand, Karen Schulz, Fred Apple, William J. Parsonage, Jaimi Greenslade, Louise Cullen, John Pickering, Martin O. Than, Alasdair Gray, Christian W. Mueller, Nicholas Mills, CoDE-ACS Investigators
Summary: A clinical decision support system using machine learning models and high-sensitivity troponin measurements outperforms clinical guidelines that use fixed cardiac troponin thresholds for myocardial infarction diagnosis. The system integrates cardiac troponin concentrations and clinical features to calculate CoDE-ACS score, which corresponds to an individual's probability of myocardial infarction. It has excellent discrimination for myocardial infarction, identifies more low probability cases and reduces cardiac death rate.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Jaime Garcia, Audrey Chagnot, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Axel Montagne
Summary: Small vessel disease (SVD) is a prevalent disorder of the brain's microvessels and is a common cause of dementia and strokes. Recent evidence suggests that endothelial dysfunction and a compromised blood-brain barrier play a key role in the development and progression of SVD. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction in SVD could lead to better diagnostic tools and potential therapeutic interventions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Alba Saenz de Villaverde Cortabarria, Jun-Fang Zhang, Maria del C. Valdes Hernandez, Una Clancy, Eleni Sakka, Karen J. Ferguson, Stewart Wiseman, Will Hewins, Daniela Jaime Garcia, Michael Stringer, Michael Thrippleton, Francesca Chappell, Fergus Doubal, Yun-Cheng Wu, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: This study examines the potential association between paranasal sinus mucosal changes and small vessel disease (SVD). By reviewing the literature and analyzing a sample of SVD patients, it was found that the severity of paranasal sinus opacification may be related to neuroimaging markers of SVD.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Marco Duering, Geert Jan Biessels, Amy Brodtmann, Christopher Chen, Charlotte Cordonnier, Frank-Erik de Leeuw, Stephanie Debette, Richard Frayne, Eric Jouvent, Natalia S. Rost, Annemieke ter Telgte, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman, Walter H. Backes, Hee-Joon Bae, Rosalind Brown, Hugues Chabriat, Alberto De Luca, Charles deCarli, Anna Dewenter, Fergus N. Doubal, Michael Ewers, Thalia S. Field, Aravind Ganesh, Steven Greenberg, Karl G. Helmer, Saima Hilal, Angela C. C. Jochems, Hanna Jokinen, Hugo Kuijf, Bonnie Y. K. Lam, Jessica Lebenberg, Bradley J. MacIntosh, Pauline Maillard, Vincent C. T. Mok, Leonardo Pantoni, Salvatore Rudilosso, Claudia L. Satizabal, Markus D. Schirmer, Reinhold Schmidt, Colin Smith, Julie Staals, Michael J. Thrippleton, Susanne J. van Veluw, Prashanthi Vemuri, Yilong Wang, David Werring, Marialuisa Zedde, Rufus O. Akinyemi, Oscar H. Del Brutto, Hugh S. Markus, Yi-Cheng Zhu, Eric E. Smith, Martin Dichgans, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a common age-related condition that can cause stroke, cognitive decline, neurobehavioral symptoms, and functional impairment. STRIVE-1 classified and standardized the various visible features of SVD on structural MRI, but new information and imaging techniques have emerged since then. Quantitative imaging biomarkers and machine learning methods offer a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of SVD on the brain and can serve as intermediary outcomes in clinical trials and routine practice.
