Review
Clinical Neurology
Shawn Hayley, Antoine M. Hakim, Paul R. Albert
Summary: Major depression may be a precursor to cognitive decline and dementia, with chronic stress and inflammation compromising brain function and leading to depression and mild cognitive impairment. Treating inflammatory changes in depression can reverse the condition, and anti-inflammatory and antidepressant treatments may reduce or prevent dementia in individuals with depression. Chronic stress and inflammation may increase brain permeability and cytokine production, eventually manifesting as depression, cognitive impairment, and potentially dementia.
Article
Cell Biology
Ann-Kathrin Weier, Mirka Homrich, Stephanie Ebbinghaus, Pavel Juda, Eliska Mikova, Robert Hauschild, Lili Zhang, Thomas Quast, Elvira Mass, Andreas Schlitzer, Waldemar Kolanus, Sven Burgdorf, Oliver J. Gruss, Miroslav Hons, Stefan Wieser, Eva Kiermaier
Summary: Centrosomes play a crucial role in immune cell interactions and immune response initiation. Immune activation leads to the emergence of extra centrosomes in leukocytes, which contribute to cell migration, secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and optimized T cell responses. These findings highlight the previously underestimated importance of extra centrosomes in cell and tissue homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
I-Ru Chen, Chiu-Ching Huang, Siang-Jyun Tu, Guei-Jane Wang, Ping-Chin Lai, Ya-Ting Lee, Ju-Chen Yen, Ya-Sian Chang, Jan-Gowth Chang
Summary: This single-cell sequencing study confirms the importance of immune cell dysregulation in the pathogenesis of aHUS, providing valuable insights into molecular mechanisms and potential new diagnostic and disease activity markers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Pavel Draber, Eduarda Draberova
Summary: The dysfunction of microtubule nucleation in cancer cells alters the cytoskeleton organization and cellular physiology, with a focus on dysregulation of the gamma-tubulin ring complex (gamma-TuRC) proteins. Recent research on the high-resolution structure of gamma-TuRC provides new insights into the mechanism of microtubule nucleation, potentially offering new drug targets for cancer chemotherapy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ni Made Pitri Susanti, Daryono Hadi Tjahjono
Summary: The cell cycle is crucial in cell development, and its progression is controlled by endogenous CDK inhibitors, CDKs, and cyclins. Dysregulation of the cell cycle can lead to cancer, making CDK a natural target for anticancer therapy. Understanding CDK structures and complexes with drugs helps in developing CDK inhibitors, from non-selective to selective CDK4/CDK6 inhibitors applied in clinical cancer treatment.
Article
Oncology
Faisal Fa'ak, Maryam Buni, Adewunmi Falohun, Huifang Lu, Juhee Song, Daniel H. Johnson, Chrystia M. Zobniw, Van A. Trinh, Muhammad Osama Awiwi, Nourel Hoda Tahon, Khaled M. Elsayes, Kaysia Ludford, Emma J. Montazari, Julia Chernis, Maya Dimitrova, Sabina Sandigursky, Jeffrey A. Sparks, Osama Abu-Shawer, Osama Rahma, Uma Thanarajasingam, Ashley M. Zeman, Rafee Talukder, Namrata Singh, Sarah H. Chung, Petros Grivas, May Daher, Ala Abudayyeh, Iman Osman, Jeffrey Weber, Jean H. Tayar, Maria E. Suarez-Almazor, Noha Abdel-Wahab, Adi Diab
Summary: This retrospective study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of anti-interleukin-6 receptor (anti-IL-6R) therapy for immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The results showed that anti-IL-6R treatment can improve irAEs without hindering antitumor immunity.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Guillaume Mestrallet, Kazuki Sone, Nina Bhardwaj
Summary: Dendritic cells play a crucial role in modulating anti-cancer immunity in the tumor microenvironment. However, the tumor microenvironment can impair the function of dendritic cells, leading to immune escape. Understanding the mechanisms of dendritic cell impairment in the tumor microenvironment can help improve dendritic cell-targeted immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Jingxuan Wang, Tailang Yin, Su Liu
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive endocrine disorder affecting women, which can lead to infertility and is associated with various symptoms such as obesity, hirsutism, acne, and irregular menstruation. PCOS is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation and immune and metabolic disturbances. This review aims to summarize the pathophysiological role of immune dysregulation in various organ systems of PCOS patients and provide new ideas for systemic treatment in the future.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Rom Leidner, Kevin Conlon, Douglas G. Mcneel, Andrea Wang-Gillam, Sumati Gupta, Robert Wesolowski, Monica Chaudhari, Nadia Hassounah, Jong Bong Lee, Lang Ho Lee, Jessica A. O'Keeffe, Nancy Lewis, George N. Pavlakis, John A. Thompson
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy and safety of NIZ985 as monotherapy and in combination with spartalizumab in the treatment of advanced solid tumors. The results showed that NIZ985 demonstrated antitumor activity and was well tolerated in patients with advanced solid tumors.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Costanza Maria Cristiani, Mariaelena Capone, Cinzia Garofalo, Gabriele Madonna, Domenico Mallardo, Marilena Tuffanelli, Vito Vanella, Marta Greco, Daniela Patrizia Foti, Giuseppe Viglietto, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Hergen Spits, Ennio Carbone
Summary: Monoclonal antibodies targeting immune checkpoints have shown improved clinical outcomes for patients with malignant melanoma, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study investigated the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors on innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and the impact of melanoma cells on ILC functions. The findings suggest that PD-1 blockade can affect the proportions and functions of ILCs in melanoma patients, and specific subpopulations are associated with treatment response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Hongrui Guo, Huidan Deng, Huan Liu, Zhijie Jian, Hengmin Cui, Jing Fang, Zhicai Zuo, Junliang Deng, Yinglun Li, Xun Wang, Ling Zhao
Summary: Nickel is a widely distributed metal pollutant with various toxic effects, including carcinogenicity. Cell cycle dysregulation may be a key mechanism for nickel carcinogenicity, with different cell cycle stages showing different responses to nickel exposure.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Franz Geisslinger, Martin Mueller, Yu-Kai Chao, Christian Grimm, Angelika M. Vollmar, Karin Bartel
Summary: This study reveals the important role of lysosomal cell death (LCD) signaling in chemoresistance and establishes TPC2 as a novel, promising, druggable target for combination therapy approaches in ALL.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yu Zhao, Zhe Wang, Xiuhuan Shi, Ting Liu, Wenwen Yu, Xiubao Ren, Hua Zhao
Summary: This study aimed to determine the impact of different chemotherapeutic drugs on the expression of immune checkpoint (ICP) ligands in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines with different pathological subtypes, in order to provide a basis for the development of a superior regimen of chemotherapy combined with ICP blockade. The results showed that chemotherapy agents have different effects on the expression of ICP ligands in tumor cells, which may affect the efficacy of combined immunotherapy. These findings provide a theoretical basis for further selection and optimization of the combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
TECHNOLOGY IN CANCER RESEARCH & TREATMENT
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Stephanie. A. A. Berg, Bradley. A. A. McGregor
Summary: This article discusses the treatment options and methods for clear cell renal cell carcinoma after radical nephrectomy. Currently, oral vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors or intravenous immune checkpoint inhibitors are the approved treatments, although they can cause toxic reactions. Multiple clinical trials are currently underway to explore the role of adjuvant treatment after nephrectomy, and biomarkers may help determine the effectiveness of treatments for patients.
Review
Immunology
Daniele Cattaneo, Alessandra Iurlo
Summary: BCR-ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms have a reduced life expectancy mainly due to an increased risk of thrombo-hemorrhagic events, fibrotic progression/leukemic evolution, and infectious complications. JAK2V617F is the main driver mutation in these conditions, and JAK inhibitors, while improving symptoms and quality of life for MPN patients, may also lead to adverse events related to immune suppression or deficiency.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)