Exploiting transformation optics for arbitrary manipulation of antenna radiation pattern

Using transformation optics, a general method for tailoring the radiation pattern of a monopole antenna encompassed by a coating layer is proposed. Unlike previous studies, the propounded approach is not restricted to special patterns and can produce arbitrary radiation pattern with customisable beam parameters such as number, direction, and directivity in both azimuthal and elevation planes. A linear coordinate transformation is established to simplify the coating layer realisation via offering homogeneous materials. As proof-of-principle, two different antennas capable of generating multiple beams and a single-directive beam, are elaborately acquired by a meta-structure consisting of a split-ring resonator-wire array composite. It was observed that the experimental results corroborate numerical simulations. The proposed approach is believed to have potential applications in antenna technologies, satellite communication, and multiple-input multiple-output systems.