期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
卷 55, 期 4, 页码 521-531出版社
AMER THORACIC SOC
DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0291OC
关键词
metabolome; lymphoid cells; fungi; macrophages; inflammation
资金
- National Institutes of Health [ES000002, HL007118, HL091933, ES013307, F32 ES022556]
- Hoffman Program in Health and Chemicals
- Francis Family Foundation
- American Heart Association [13SDG14320004]
- Science Without Borders Program of Brazil
After a single or multiple intratracheal instillations of Stachybotrys chartarum (S. chartarum or black mold) spores in BALB/c mice, we characterized cytokine production, metabolites, and inflammatory patterns by analyzing mouse bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), lung tissue, and plasma. We found marked differences in BAL cell counts, especially large increases in lymphocytes and eosinophils in multiple-dosed mice. Formation of eosinophil-rich granulomas and airway goblet cell metaplasia were prevalent in the lungs of multiple-dosed mice but not in single-or saline-dosed groups. We detected changes in the cytokine expression profiles in both the BAL and plasma. Multiple pulmonary exposures to S. chartarum induced significant metabolic changes in the lungs but not in the plasma. These changes suggest a shift from type 1 inflammation after an acute exposure to type 2 inflammation after multiple exposures to S. chartarum. Eotaxin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and the IL-8 analogs macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), had more dramatic changes in multiple-than in single-dosed mice, and parallel the cytokines that characterize humans with histories of mold exposures versus unexposed control subjects. This repeated exposure model allows us to more realistically characterize responses to mold, such as cytokine, metabolic, and cellular changes.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据