Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hiroyasu Sakai, Yuta Suzuki, Yu Miyauchi, Fumiaki Sato, Yusuke Ando, Risako Kon, Nobutomo Ikarashi, Yoshihiko Chiba, Junzo Kamei, Tomoo Hosoe
Summary: Cancer patients often experience muscle atrophy, which is worsened by the decreased muscle regenerative capacity. Cisplatin, a cancer chemotherapeutic agent, has been found to cause muscle atrophy. This study explored the effects of cisplatin on the differentiation of myoblasts into myotubes. The results showed that cisplatin suppresses myogenesis and inhibits the expression of Sparcl1, which promotes C2C12 cell differentiation during myogenesis.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Zhang Ruixia, Liu Chuanchuan, Guan Lu, Ma Shuang, Zhu Qiang, Tian Xiaofang, Ba Yinggui
Summary: The study found that under low-temperature and low-oxygen conditions, the body weight of rats decreased and affected lipid levels in the serum, while reducing the activity of fatty acid metabolism factors and increasing the activity of lipid metabolism-related enzymes. In addition, hypothermia and hypoxia also affect skeletal muscle morphology, and AMPK/PGC-1 alpha can regulate skeletal muscle cell proliferation.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Evelin Major, Ilka Keller, Daniel Horvath, Istvan Tamas, Ferenc Erdodi, Beata Lontay
Summary: The study revealed that hyperthyroidism affects the activity and expression of the skeletal muscle myosin phosphatase, and SMTNL1 inhibits the function of myosin phosphatase, thereby influencing the migration and cytoskeletal remodeling of muscle cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Isabella Loughland, Alexander Little, Frank Seebacher
Summary: The study reveals that DNMT3a plays a key role in regulating developmental thermal plasticity, and the phenotypic effects of different DNMT3a isoforms are additive. However, DNMT3a interacts with other mechanisms, such as histone (de)acetylation, induced during short-term acclimation to buffer phenotypes from environmental change. These interactions make phenotypic compensation for climate change more efficient.
Review
Physiology
Joseph Foon Yoong Hoh
Summary: The kinetics of myosin control the speed and power of muscle contraction. Mammalian skeletal muscles express twelve kinetically different myosin heavy chain (MyHC) genes, providing a wide range of muscle speeds to meet various functional demands. This review provides an overview of the historical and current views on how cell lineage, neural impulse patterns, and thyroid hormone influence MyHC gene expression in limb muscles during development and adult life, and the molecular mechanisms involved.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Maria Gurma, Yi-Mei Yang, Lu-Yang Wang
Summary: This article reviews the impact of NMDARs on central synapse function during the early postnatal stage and raises unanswered questions that are crucial for understanding the developing brain in health and diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jianxiang Chen, Changyou Song, Haibo Wen, Guangxiang Liu, Ningyuan Wu, Hongxia Li, Miaomiao Xue, Pao Xu
Summary: The study found that chronic hypothermia in freshwater drum promotes energy expenditure and glycolysis while suppressing lipid metabolism. miR-1/AMPK plays a key role in regulating this response, indicating it as an important target for chronic hypothermia control. AMPK signaling was dysregulated under hypothermia, affecting downstream gene expressions related to glucose and lipid metabolism.
Article
Ecology
Mathias Dezetter, Andreaz Dupoue, Jean-Francois Le Galliard, Olivier Lourdais
Summary: The study reveals that individuals affected by thermal conditions during the juvenile life stage show changes in metabolic rate and water loss persisting until adulthood, indicating the flexibility of long-lived organisms in adapting to climate change. The research also suggests that physiological syndromes in individuals could play a role in their response to climate change alongside plasticity.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Valentina Capelli, Carlos Dieguez, Jens Mittag, Miguel Lopez
Summary: Huge advances have been achieved in the field of thyroid hormone (TH) action on energy balance in the past decade, particularly with the recent discovery of TH's 'central' metabolic action in rodent models. By analyzing bench models, the two paradigms have been dissected and unified to explore their possible translational implications.
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wei Wang, Qiyao Ma, Xinliang Ding, Yihua Xu, Mengting He, Jie Xu, Jianjun Liu, Cheng Ji, Jie Zhang
Summary: This study found that exposure to Bromoacetamide (BAcAm) can cause developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos, possibly by disrupting thyroid hormone homeostasis.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ana Aranda
Summary: miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to mRNA, playing a key role in genome regulation. Thyroid hormones, on the other hand, regulate TH signaling by affecting deiodinases and nuclear receptors, impacting various physiological and pathological processes.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dirk L. Christensen, Theonest K. Mutabingwa, Ib C. Bygbjerg, Allan A. Vaag, Louise G. Grunnet, Fanny Lajeunesse-Trempe, Jannie Nielsen, Christentze Schmiegelow, Kaushik L. Ramaiya, Kathryn H. Myburgh
Summary: This study assessed muscle fibre distribution 20 years after placental and/or peripheral in-utero malaria exposure. The results showed that there were no differences in muscle fibre types or enzymatic activity between the malaria-exposed and non-exposed groups. The findings supported the idea that the mild elevations of plasma glucose levels in people exposed to placental malaria in pregnancy were due to compromised pancreatic insulin secretion rather than insulin resistance.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biology
Stefan Norlin, Jan Axelsson, Madelene Ericsson, Helena Edlund
Summary: O304, as a dual AMPK activator and mitochondrial uncoupler, promotes insulin-independent glucose uptake and utilization in skeletal muscle and heart, prevents glycogen accumulation, and preserves beta-cell function in Type 2 diabetes.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Kyle B. Spainhower, Allan K. Metz, Abdel-Ruhman S. Yusuf, Lydia E. Johnson, Judy A. Avey-Arroyo, Michael T. Butcher
Summary: The research found differences in slow myosin heavy chain fiber type distribution and energy metabolism in the hindlimbs of three-toed and two-toed sloths, indicating potential adaptations for force production and energy savings in sloth hindlimb muscles. Furthermore, differences in enzyme activity levels between anaerobic and aerobic enzymes suggest potential functional adaptations in sloth limbs beyond muscle fiber type expression.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
Sabih Rashid, Christopher Wong, Richard Roy
Summary: Developmental plasticity refers to an organism's ability to adapt to environmental stressors, including nutritional stress. In Caenorhabditis elegans, inadequate nutrition can lead to various diapause stages, with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) playing a crucial role in regulating metabolism and germline development. AMPK orchestrates a network of signaling pathways to preserve reproductive fitness during challenging periods.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Isabella Loughland, Alexander Little, Frank Seebacher
Summary: The study reveals that DNMT3a plays a key role in regulating developmental thermal plasticity, and the phenotypic effects of different DNMT3a isoforms are additive. However, DNMT3a interacts with other mechanisms, such as histone (de)acetylation, induced during short-term acclimation to buffer phenotypes from environmental change. These interactions make phenotypic compensation for climate change more efficient.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Nicholas C. Wu, Frank Seebacher
Summary: The study found that exposure to BPF and BPS can reduce swimming performance in adult zebrafish, while BPA, BPS, and BPF can all affect the activities of citrate synthase and lactate dehydrogenase. This suggests that bisphenols at ecologically relevant concentrations may disrupt the thermal responses of fish.
CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Frank Seebacher, Ensiyeh Kazerouni-Ghanizadeh
Summary: The health of running freshwater systems relies significantly on flow rates and temperature variations, which can affect the oxidative status, muscle function, and locomotion of aquatic animals. This study demonstrates that fish living in flowing water have greater swimming capacity, especially when acclimated to warm temperatures. Dispersal behavior is influenced by acclimation to flow and temperature, indicating the importance of considering physiological traits in predicting the impact of environmental change on movement.
FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Isabella Loughland, Gigi Y. Lau, Jordan Jolly, Frank Seebacher
Summary: The potential negative effects of thermal variation on physiological functions depend on the time scale of phenotypic adjustment and the rate of temperature change. In this study, different rates of temperature increase were tested on zebrafish, and it was found that both fast and slow rates of warming led to increased oxidative stress. However, mitochondrial substrate oxidation rates, leak respiration rates, and coupling did not show significant differences. The increase in ROS production at the slowest rate of warming suggests that seemingly benign environments can still be stressful for organisms.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Nicholas C. Wu, Alexander M. Rubin, Frank Seebacher
Summary: The energetic cost of growth is affected by temperature and environmental endocrine disruption. Plastic pollution and climate warming can impact animal growth efficiency and population dynamics.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Nicholas C. Wu, Frank Seebacher
Summary: Physiological traits influence individual movement and differences in physiological characteristics between range edges and cores may be associated with dispersal success. However, the results may be biased due to undersampling.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Frank Seebacher, Julian Beaman
Summary: Phenotypic plasticity of physiological functions allows organisms to respond quickly to environmental changes and increase their resilience. The Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) likely had metabolic plasticity that allowed it to adjust energy production to meet demand. Metabolic plasticity originated with the advent of Darwinian evolution and played a crucial role in genetic material replication and cell division. Since LUCA, metabolic networks have become more complex, with complexity being specific to environmental contexts and phylogenetic lineages.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biology
Miki Jahn, Frank Seebacher
Summary: This article explores the costs of movement (COT) in animals and its impact on ecological systems. Environmental conditions, morphology, and underlying physiological mechanisms contribute to differences in COT between individuals and species. Increasing temperatures notably increase COT, while thermal acclimation and exercise have varied effects on COT across taxa. Anthropogenic pollutants can also increase COT. COT can influence energy allocation and individual fitness, ultimately affecting the dynamics of animal communities. Future research should consider multiple stressors on COT, including a broader range of pollutants, and quantifying potential allocation trade-offs induced by COT.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Zoology
A. G. Little, T. S. Prystay, E. A. Hardison, T. Dressler, K. Kraskura, S. J. Cooke, D. A. Patterson, S. G. Hinch, E. J. Eliason
Summary: Female-biased mortality has been observed in Pacific salmon during their adult upriver migration. This study examined whether females are more susceptible to cardiac oxygen limitations after exercise stress. The results showed no significant differences in oxygen levels between males and females, suggesting that females do not suffer from oxygen limitations after a single exercise event upon arrival to their spawning grounds. However, further research is needed to investigate potential oxygen limitations in different conditions and earlier on the migratory route.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Frank Seebacher
Summary: Human activities have created unique environmental drivers that may have unexpected effects on the endocrine responses of non-human animals, such as impacting reproduction and growth through hormones like gonadotropins and thyroid hormones. Interactions between temperature, light, endocrine disrupting compounds, light-at-night, and noise can lead to different physiological responses across generations of animals.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jean-Guy J. Godin, Amelie Le Roy, Alicia L. Burns, Frank Seebacher, Ashley J. W. Ward
Summary: Consistent individual differences in behavior exist within populations. In this study, adult male guppies were tested to investigate the correlation between behavioral and metabolic traits. The findings did not support the prediction of the pace-of-life-syndrome (POLS) hypothesis, as there was no significant correlation between metabolic traits and behavioral traits. Male color ornamentation also did not predict behavioral or metabolic phenotypes. Therefore, individual differences in metabolism may not underlie the evolution and maintenance of behavioral variation in this study population.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Tiana Pelaia, Alexander M. Rubin, Frank Seebacher
Summary: Human activity has introduced novel chemicals into aquatic ecosystems, such as BPA which disrupts hormone-mediated processes. BPA is being replaced by BPS, but studies show that BPS can also disrupt hormone signalling, particularly of thyroid hormone. This study found that BPS exposure decreased swimming performance in zebrafish and had ecological consequences, likely mediated by thyroid hormone disruption.
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Frank Seebacher, Stephanie M. Bamford, Amelie Le Roy
Summary: Each parent can impact offspring phenotype through zygote provisioning or sex-specific DNA methylation. Transgenerational plasticity may depend on the environmental conditions experienced by each parent. In a factorial experiment using guppies, we found that the thermal background of mothers and fathers influenced mass, length, and thermal performance of sons and daughters. Offspring sex played a significant role in most traits. The study showed that parental thermal variation can modify offspring phenotype, highlighting the importance of considering the thermal background of each parent.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Geoffrey P. F. Mazue, Maxim W. D. Adams, Frank Seebacher, Ashley J. W. Ward
Summary: To adjust their foraging strategy, individuals may use a combination of private and social information. The reliability of private information about environmental characteristics, such as prey distribution, can influence individuals' movement patterns. This study investigated how movement characteristics changed as individuals acquired reliable private information about prey distribution during foraging.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Frank Seebacher, Edward Narayan, Jodie L. Rummer, Sean Tomlinson, Steven J. Cooke
Summary: This article emphasizes the important role of physiology in addressing climate warming, including environmental monitoring and measuring individual sensitivities to temperature change. Physiology can be incorporated by institutions and organizations to bring a mechanistic approach to conservation and the management of biological resources.
CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)