Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
GuiHao Chen, Vincent Phan, Xiang Luo, Dian J. Cao
Summary: mTORC1 plays a crucial role in regulating the functions of cardiac monocytes and macrophages, and its inhibition promotes cardiac repair, reduces inflammatory injury, and decreases mortality from acute ischemia.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Calum Forteath, Ify Mordi, Raid Nisr, Erika J. Gutierrez-Lara, Noor Alqurashi, Iain R. Phair, Amy R. Cameron, Craig Beall, Ibrahim Bahr, Mohapradeep Mohan, Aaron K. F. Wong, Adel Dihoum, Anwar Mohammad, Colin N. A. Palmer, Douglas Lamont, Kei Sakamoto, Benoit Viollet, Marc Foretz, Chim C. Lang, Graham Rena
Summary: Using cellular approaches and proteomics, we found that metformin therapy for diabetes alters the regulation of branched chain amino acids through the suppression of the amino acid transporter SNAT2.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Michaela E. Trautman, Nicole E. Richardson, Dudley W. Lamming
Summary: The proportion of people suffering from age-related diseases is increasing worldwide. Recent research has shown that low protein diets, particularly those low in branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), can reduce mortality and promote metabolic health and extended lifespan in both humans and rodents. This article discusses the emerging evidence that BCAAs play a crucial role in healthy metabolism and longevity, and explores the physiological and molecular mechanisms behind the benefits of restricting dietary BCAAs. The findings suggest that the quality of protein, specifically the composition of dietary protein, may be a previously overlooked factor in metabolic dysfunction and reducing dietary BCAAs could be a promising new approach to delaying and preventing age-related diseases.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tiangang Wu, Mengling Wang, Fengling Ning, Shilin Zhou, Xuetao Hu, Hong Xin, Svetlana Reilly, Xuemei Zhang
Summary: Fibrosis, characterized by excessive production of extracellular matrix, is a common pathological feature of organ diseases. Metabolic alterations, especially in the regulation of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), have been found to play significant roles in fibrogenesis. Dysregulation of BCAAs metabolism has been implicated in various diseases. This review summarizes the metabolic regulation of fibrosis, changes in BCAAs metabolism associated with fibrosis, and the effects and mechanisms of BCAAs intervention in hepatic, renal, and cardiac fibrosis, with a focus on liver fibrosis and associated hepatocellular carcinoma.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jing Cui, Yangyang Shi, Xueli Xu, Fei Zhao, Ji Zhang, Bo Wei
Summary: This study used an integrated strategy of metabolomics and network pharmacology to explore the potential mechanisms of Danyu Tongmai Granules (DY) in myocardial infarction (MI). It confirmed that DY has anti-inflammatory effects and significant protective effects against MI. The study also revealed that the myocardial protective effect of DY is achieved by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the regulation of branched chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Can Chen, Hassan Naveed, Keping Chen
Summary: This article introduces the important role of branched-chain amino acid aminotransferases in cellular metabolism, summarizes the related research in animals, plants, microorganisms, and humans, and analyzes the molecular mechanism. It has been found that disorders in branched-chain amino acid metabolism are closely related to various diseases, especially tumor development.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katarzyna Paczkowska, Dominik Rachon, Andrzej Berg, Jacek Rybka, Katarzyna Kapczynska, Marek Bolanowski, Jacek Daroszewski
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that predisposes women to metabolic disturbances. Recent research suggests that alterations in amino acid profiles may be indicative of metabolic disorders. This study found elevated levels of aromatic amino acids in PCOS women, and significant differences in amino acid concentrations between metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity subgroups of PCOS women.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Huan Xu, Xuanyang Wang, Xiaoqing Xu, Lin Liu, Yuntao Zhang, Xuemin Yan, Yingfeng Zhang, Keke Dang, Ying Li
Summary: This study using Mendelian randomization analysis found that increased circulating levels of BCAAs were associated with an increased risk of squamous cell lung cancer, but no causal link was found between BCAAs and other types of cancer.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yuyan Liu, Chengwen Zhang, Yuan Zhang, Xuheng Jiang, Yuanhong Liang, Huan Wang, Yongfang Li, Guifan Sun
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and hypertension risk in the Chinese population. The findings showed that dietary BCAAs intake was positively associated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure values, as well as an increased risk of hypertension.
Review
Immunology
Berkay Yahsi, Gurcan Gunaydin
Summary: Immunometabolism, especially in terms of augmenting anti-tumor immune responses, has been extensively researched. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are known for their immunosuppressive roles in anti-tumor immune responses. Targeting Tregs specifically in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial for successful and specific treatment. Recent studies have shown an association between Tregs and isoleucine, which may play a major role in affecting Tregs. Targeting the immunometabolic pathways of Tregs could be a rational approach for treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Cuomo, Rosanna Capparelli, Antonio Iannelli, Domenico Iannelli
Summary: Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) play an important role in human health. High levels of BCAAs are associated with various metabolic diseases, while low levels are beneficial for metabolic health. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the dysregulation caused by high levels of BCAAs are still under debate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Daniel Ferguson, Sophie J. Eichler, Nicole K. H. Yiew, Jerry R. Colca, Kevin Cho, Gary J. Patti, Trevor M. Shew, Andrew J. Lutkewitte, Sandip Mukherjee, Kyle S. McCommis, Natalie M. Niemi, Brian N. Finck
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of MPC inhibitors (MPCi) on branched chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism and found that MPCi can lower plasma BCAA concentrations and activate AMPK and mTOR signaling pathways. However, the effects on glucose homeostasis may be separate from BCAA concentrations.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alexander Christian Reisinger, Florian Posch, Gerald Hackl, Gunther Marsche, Harald Sourij, Benjamin Bourgeois, Kathrin Eller, Tobias Madl, Philipp Eller
Summary: Metabolomics using H-1 NMR spectroscopy shows promise for personalized medicine in sepsis, with distinct differences in metabolites between sepsis patients and controls, as well as between septic shock survivors and non-survivors. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), including valine, leucine, and isoleucine, were significantly lower in sepsis non-survivors and serve as potential early biomarkers for predicting outcomes in ICU and 28-day mortality.
Article
Immunology
Ming-min Zhou, Di-wen Li, Liao Xu, Bin Kong, Xi Wang, Yan-hong Tang, He Huang, Yu Liu
Summary: Propionate administration in early stage after myocardial infarction can alleviate cardiac dysfunction and remodeling by modulating macrophages polarization and pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Wenting Wan, Xianchen Jiang, Ruifang Zhao, Fenfen Cai, Fan Wu, Yunqi Hu, Xiaoqin Zhou, Zhipeng Liu, Yujuan Shan
Summary: The study suggests that consumption of whole grain foods can benefit individuals with type 2 diabetes. The effects of germinated brown rice (GBR) intervention on the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in patients with type 2 diabetes were evaluated. The results show that GBR intervention improves insulin resistance and accelerates the catabolism of BCAAs.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)