Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christian Heitkamp, Laurens Winkelmeier, Jeremy J. Heit, Fabian Flottmann, Christian Thaler, Helge Kniep, Gabriel Broocks, Lukas Meyer, Vincent Geest, Gregory W. Albers, Maarten G. Lansberg, Jens Fiehler, Tobias D. Faizy
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of aging on cortical venous outflow (VO) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO). The results showed that higher age was associated with worse VO and poorer cerebral microperfusion, partially explained by the extent of hypoperfusion intensity ratio (HIR).
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Costantino Iadecola, Eric E. Smith, Josef Anrather, Chenghua Gu, Anusha Mishra, Sanjay Misra, Miguel A. Perez-Pinzon, Andy Y. Shih, Farzaneh A. Sorond, Susanne J. van Veluw, Cheryl L. Wellington
Summary: Preservation of brain health is a top priority in public health, especially for the aging population. Advances in neurovascular biology have revealed the importance of the neurovasculome in maintaining cognitive function. This scientific statement examines these advances, identifies knowledge gaps, and provides future directions for research.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Lauren R. R. Miller, Stefano Tarantini, Adam Nyul-Toth, Morgan P. P. Johnston, Teryn Martin, Elizabeth C. C. Bullen, Marisa A. A. Bickel, William E. E. Sonntag, Andriy Yabluchanskiy, Anna Csiszar, Zoltan I. I. Ungvari, Michael H. H. Elliott, Shannon M. M. Conley
Summary: Age-related cerebrovascular defects contribute to VCID and other forms of dementia. The use of easily accessible tissues outside the brain, such as the retina, for studying cerebrovascular disease has gained great interest. Decreased circulating IGF-1 levels in aging have been found to contribute to the development of cerebrovascular impairment, as supported by studies using IGF-1 deficient animal models.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biology
Sebastian Lucio Filelfi, Alberto Onorato, Bianca Brix, Nandu Goswami
Summary: Lymphatic senescence is associated with changes in lymphatic muscles and nerve fibers, dysfunction of lymphatic endothelial cell membrane, alterations in lymphatic pump, acute inflammation responses, and immune function. Further research on the impact of aging on the lymphatic vasculature is necessary to develop innovative clinical diagnostic and treatment modalities, and to reduce morbidity associated with lymphatic system diseases.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
B. Gwen Windham, Michael E. Griswold, Radhikesh Ranadive, Kevin Sullivan, Thomas H. Mosley, Michelle M. Mielke, Clifford R. Jack, Dave Knopman, Ron Petersen, Prashanthi Vemuri
Summary: This study aimed to examine if the association between cerebral perfusion and gait speed is influenced by systolic blood pressure and age. The results showed that poorer cerebral perfusion is associated with slower gait speeds, particularly with older age, while higher perfusion can significantly attenuate age-related differences in gait speed.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Teodor Svedung Wettervik, Markus Fahlstrom, Johan Wikstrom, Anders Lewen, Per Enblad
Summary: This study investigated the association between cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) disturbances, oxygen extraction fraction (OEFmax), and energy metabolism (CMRO2max) in moyamoya disease (MMD) using arterial spin label magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) with acetazolamide challenge. The results showed that a compromised CVR in MMD patients was associated with disruptions in macro-/microvascular blood flow, oxygenation, and CMRO2. ASL-MRI with acetazolamide challenge can serve as a feasible and radiation-free alternative to positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for assessing blood flow and metabolic abnormalities in MMD patients.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Biological
Benjamin Zimmerman, Bart Rypma, Gabriele Gratton, Monica Fabiani
Summary: As people age, physiological changes in the cerebral vascular system can affect cognitive function, and adopting healthy lifestyle habits such as regular exercise and a balanced diet may lead to improved cognitive outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Jacqueline A. Palmer, Carolyn S. Kaufman, Eric D. Vidoni, Robyn A. Honea, Jeffrey M. Burns, Sandra A. Billinger
Summary: Sex as a biological variable affects the etiology of Alzheimer's disease. The study found that cerebrovascular function is a key mechanism for resistance to age-related brain pathology for female APOE4 carriers.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Evelien S. Hoogeveen, Nadine Pelzer, Eidrees Ghariq, Matthias J. P. van Osch, Albert Dahan, Gisela M. Terwindt, Mark C. Kruit
Summary: The impaired cerebrovascular reactivity in RVCL-S patients, especially those aged 40 years or older, could be an important factor in the pathophysiology of the disease. Early reduction in gray matter CVR may be associated with white matter lesion volume in RVCL-S patients.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Brandon M. Fox, Kirsten B. Dorschel, Michael T. Lawton, John E. Wanebo
Summary: Moyamoya disease (MMD) and moyamoya syndrome (MMS) are progressive vascular pathologies unique to the cerebrovasculature, with distinct features and pathophysiological characteristics. While MMD shares some molecular pathways with arterial stenosis diseases like atherosclerosis and fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD), there are still central questions regarding the underlying pathogenesis of these diseases.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Johanna M. Ospel, Ondrej Volny, Wu Qiu, Mohamed Najm, Moiz Hafeez, Sarah Abdalrahman, Enrico Fainardi, Marta Rubiera, Alexander Khaw, Jai J. Shankar, Michael D. Hill, Mohammed A. Almekhlafi, Andrew M. Demchuk, Mayank Goyal, Bijoy K. Menon
Summary: The study compared the performance of mCTA and CTP imaging paradigms in EVT patient selection and outcome estimation, finding discordance between the criteria in some patients. Patients who met both mCTA and CTP criteria and underwent EVT showed the best expected outcomes.
Review
Pathology
Priyanka Banerjee, Niyanshi Gaddam, Vanessa Chandler, Sanjukta Chakraborty
Summary: The liver plays a critical role in targeting and clearing foreign material, but stress-induced factors can disrupt its normal functioning and lead to liver diseases such as steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancers. Oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling play a key role in this process, causing mitochondrial dysfunction, increased reactive oxygen species expression, and depletion of ATP. Changes in the liver vasculature also contribute to the pathogenesis of these diseases.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marilyn J. Cipolla
Summary: This report focuses on regional differences in the cerebral circulation, how ischemia and reperfusion affect these segments differently, and how the response of large versus small vessels in the brain to ischemia and reperfusion can influence stroke outcome. Additionally, it describes how chronic hypertension worsens stroke outcome by affecting the brain microvasculature.
Article
Physiology
Sara Hadad, Shivani D. Rangwala, Jeffrey N. Stout, Fernando Mut, Darren B. Orbach, Juan R. Cebral, Alfred P. See
Summary: This study uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to analyze the complexity of blood flow between cerebral veins in neonatal patients with vein of Galen malformations (VOGM), and shows a correlation between flow complexity and the development of venous stenosis.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Samuel S. Shin, Rajarshi Chattaraj, Angela N. Viaene, Mrigendra B. Karmacharya, Sophie Haddad, Rinat Degani, Anush Sridharan, Chandra Sehgal, Daeyeon Lee, Todd J. Kilbaugh, Misun Hwang
Summary: Cerebrovascular dysfunction after TBI is well-characterized. Xenon microbubbles showed potential therapeutic effects in a pig model of TBI, reducing acute edema and inflammation, protecting cerebrovasculature, and attenuating glutamate-induced tight junction protein loss. These findings support the future use of localized delivery of therapeutic agents using microbubbles to minimize systemic side effects and costs in brain injury treatment.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Theresa A. Lansdell, Anne M. Dorrance
Summary: Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is a spectrum of cognitive deficits caused by cerebrovascular disease, for which insulin resistance is a major risk factor. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH), a major cause of VCID, was found to result in sustained activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) and insulin resistance.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
William F. Jackson
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Review
Physiology
William F. Jackson
Summary: Endothelial cells play a significant role in microcirculation by utilizing ion channels to communicate with neighboring cells. This communication is crucial for regulating vascular dilation and contraction, as well as controlling blood flow.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
William F. Jackson, Armond Daci, Janice Thompson, Gregory D. Fink, Stephanie W. Watts
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paulina M. Kowalewska, Jacob Fletcher, William F. Jackson, Suzanne E. Brett, Michelle S. M. Kim, Galina Yu Mironova, Nadia Haghbin, David M. Richter, Nathan R. Tykocki, Mark T. Nelson, Donald G. Welsh
Summary: Cerebral blood flow is finely regulated by changes in arterial tone, in which inwardly rectifying K+ channels play a key role. There is a strong Ba2+-sensitive inwardly rectifying K+ current in cerebral arterial myocytes, regardless of the presence of K(IR)2.1. K(IR)2.1 expression is low, while K(IR)2.2 is abundant at the membrane. The myogenic response and K+-induced dilation in cerebral arteries are unaffected by the absence of K(IR)2.1. Brain perfusion remains unchanged in K(IR)2.1 knockout mice, as assessed by arterial spin-labeling MRI.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
William F. Jackson
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
William F. Jackson
Summary: This study characterizes functional ATP-sensitive K+ channels in cerebral capillary endothelial cells and pericytes that can be activated by adenosine signaling, leading to increased capillary blood flow.
Article
Orthopedics
Saeed Asadollahi, Hannah A. Wilson, Fraser R. Thomson, Kenneth Vaz, Rob Middleton, Cathy Jenkins, Abtin Alvand, Nicholas Bottomley, Chris A. Dodd, Andrew J. Price, David W. Murray, William F. Jackson
Summary: This study presents the short-term results and survivorship of a fixed-bearing unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) designed specifically for the lateral compartment. The results demonstrate that this UKR is an excellent alternative to total knee replacement for selected patients with isolated lateral tibiofemoral arthritis at short-term follow-up.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sharif A. Sabe, Martin A. Kononov, Krishna G. Bellam, Neel Sodha, Afshin Ehsan, William F. Jackson, Jun Feng, Frank W. Sellke
Summary: This study investigates the effects of cardioplegia and cardiopulmonary bypass on coronary vaso-motor tone, as well as the impact of hypertension history. It found that uncontrolled hypertension is associated with increased coronary myogenic tone and enhanced vasoconstrictive response to phenylephrine, which persists after cardioplegia and cardiopulmonary bypass. There were no significant differences between patients with no hypertension and well-controlled hypertension.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Laura C. Chambers, Janice M. Diaz-Otero, Courtney L. Fisher, William F. Jackson, Anne M. Dorrance
Summary: In this study, the effects of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonism on cerebral arterioles in hypertension were investigated. MR activation was found to impair the dilation of arterioles, leading to cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation. The results suggest that targeting MR and TRPV4 may be potential therapeutic strategies for improving cerebrovascular function and cognition in hypertension.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Takafumi Hiranaka, William F. M. Jackson, Takaaki Fujishiro, Yoshihito Suda, Shotaro Araki, Tomoyuki Kamenaga, Motoki Koide, Koji Okamoto
Summary: This study examines the feasibility of using the lateral malleolus as a landmark for restricting tibial osteotomy in restricted kinematic alignment total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Through analyzing long-leg standing radiographs of patients who underwent knee arthroplasty, it was found that the lateral malleolus angle (LMA) was consistent and independent of patient characteristics. The lateral malleolus can be used as a reliable bone landmark to restrict tibial varus cut without the need for expensive assistive technologies.
JOURNAL OF KNEE SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Laura C. Chambers, Martina Yen, William F. Jackson, Anne M. Dorrance
Summary: Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cerebral small vessel disease. This study aimed to determine the sex differences in young, hypertensive mice to lay a foundation for future research on sex differences at midlife. The results suggest that female sex may provide protection against impaired TRPV4 dilation and cognitive dysfunction during hypertension.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
William F. Jackson, Armond Daci, Janice M. Thompson, Gregory D. Fink, Stephanie W. Watts
Summary: 5-HT7 receptors mediate arteriolar dilation in skeletal muscle, potentially contributing to the hypotensive effect of 5-HT.
Article
Physiology
Theresa A. Lansdell, Laura C. Chambers, Anne M. Dorrance
Summary: Endothelial cells in the cerebral vasculature are essential for protecting the brain and regulating various functions. They form the blood-brain barrier and play a role in vascular structure changes, thrombosis, platelet activation, and inflammation.
COMPREHENSIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)