Article
Biology
Nicole E. Schwartz, Monica P. McNamara, Jocelyn M. Orozco, Jaanam O. Rashid, Angie P. Thai, Theodore Garland
Summary: Selective breeding for behavioral traits can result in significant behavioral changes without proportional modifications to underlying morphological or physiological traits.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Leonie C. Ruddick-Collins, Alan Flanagan, Jonathan D. Johnston, Peter J. Morgan, Alexandra M. Johnstone
Summary: The differences in thermic effect of food (TEF) between morning and evening can be explained by the underlying circadian variability in resting metabolic rate (RMR), which is independent of the acute effect of eating.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ying Tian, Hong Peng Cao, Yu Ping Huan, Jia Wei Gong, Kai Hua Yuan, Wen Zhuo Chen, Hu Jing, Yu Fei Shi
Summary: The objective was to determine the thermic effect of food (TEF) in a Chinese mixed diet in young people. The results showed that the percentage of TEF in TEE in a Chinese mixed diet in young people was significantly lower than 10%.
BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Alice E. Barratt, Leroy Gonsalves, Christopher Turbill
Summary: The study found that Myotis macropus, a small fishing bat, extensively uses torpor during relatively mild winter conditions to minimize the risk of mortality and increase body condition for the upcoming breeding season.
JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Andrea C. Chapin, Laura J. Arrington, Jake R. Bernards, Karen R. Kelly
Summary: This study assessed the thermoregulatory and metabolic demands of Naval Special Warfare divers during prolonged cold-water submersion, showing that wetsuits effectively supported thermoprotection in a 6-hour full-body submersion dive in 5 degrees C water. Participants increased energy expenditure by 53% during sustained cold-water diving, with high variability in metabolic rate and substrate utilization between individuals. More research is needed to fully understand inter-individual metabolic variability in prolonged cold-water submersion.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
J. M. A. Alcantara, J. E. Galgani, L. Jurado-Fasoli, M. Dote-Montero, E. Merchan-Ramirez, E. Ravussin, J. R. Ruiz, G. Sanchez-Delgado
Summary: This study evaluated the accuracy and precision of four commercially available metabolic carts in measuring RMR and RER, finding that the Omnical had the lowest measurement error. The results showed discordant estimations of RMR and RER among the four metabolic carts, and the ICcE procedure did not improve measurement concordance.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Tao Huang, Li Rong, Guoqiang Zhang, Pia Brandt, Bjarne Bjerg, Poul Pedersen, Simon W. L. Granath
Summary: The performance of a mechanistic two-node thermophysiological model was evaluated using experimental data for gestating sows and fattening pigs, showing superior accuracy in predicting temperatures compared to traditional models. The relationship between convective heat transfer coefficient and local airspeed was highlighted, along with factors to be considered in model prediction.
BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuchen Zhao, Qian Guo, Jing Shao, Qirong Wang, Ping Liu, Zongshuang Wang, Xiaoli Duan
Summary: The objective of this study was to develop regression equations to predict the basal metabolic rate (BMR) for ventilation estimation, as existing equations may not be representative of the Chinese population. Linear regression models were established between BMR and body weight, and were found to have good fitness in predicting ventilation. The study also assessed the inhaled load of air pollutants in subgroups at the same exposure levels.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Mathieu Videlier, Howard D. Rundle, Vincent Careau
Summary: The genetic architecture of maintenance metabolism in Drosophila melanogaster was studied, revealing differences between sexes primarily in genetic variance in locomotor activity. However, overall genetic variation was found to be mostly shared between males and females, potentially leading to intralocus sexual conflict in the face of sexually antagonistic selection.
JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Vojtech Skop, Juen Guo, Naili Liu, Cuiying Xiao, Kevin D. Hall, Oksana Gavrilova, Marc L. Reitman
Summary: The objective of this study was to construct a physiology-based model of total energy expenditure (TEE) to accurately measure the energy cost of physical activity. The model could explain 70-80% of the variance in TEE and correct for inter-individual variation in basal metabolic rate due to body temperature.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biology
Richard W. Hill
Summary: The people of three primeval cultures lived naked or nearly naked in regions where they experienced air temperatures of +/- 5 degrees Celsius during cold seasons. Recent meta-analyses of data on human metabolic rate and metabolic endurance enable a quantitative demonstration of feasibility. Although the primeval peoples' way of life was metabolically expensive, it was as feasible as the lifestyles of peoples in today's world who live at the upper bound of the metabolically possible.
Review
Surgery
Michelle T. F. Reichmann, Alexia Duarte, Flavio Ivano, Antonio Carlos L. Campos
Summary: Patients who undergo Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) experience a decrease in basal metabolic rate (BMR) after surgery, especially during the first year. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 9 selected studies showed that postoperative BMR decreased compared to preoperative values. The reductions were significant at 6 months (p < 0.001) and 1 year (p < 0.001) after surgery, with average reductions of 356.66 kcal/d and 432.89 kcal/d, respectively.
UPDATES IN SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Julita Sadowska, Andrzej K. Gebczynski, Marek Konarzewski
Summary: This study using a mouse model demonstrated a strong relationship between intestine size and growth rate, showing that rapid growth of neonates is facilitated by larger intestines. Pups with high BMR had larger intestines and grew faster, while growth rate was reduced in pups nursed by shaved L-BMR mothers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eleni Pavlidou, Sousana K. Papadopoulou, Kyriakos Seroglou, Constantinos Giaginis
Summary: This paper revises the Harris-Benedict equations by developing and validating new equations for estimating resting metabolic rate (RMR) in adult subjects with different body types. The study includes 722 Caucasian subjects, excluding pregnant or lactating women and those with active infections or uncontrolled diseases. The new equations, which consider age, body weight, height, and sex, show more accurate results compared to other equations commonly used for predicting RMR.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jennifer L. Miles-Chan, Mary-Ellen Harper
Summary: A person's metabolic rate is the sum of all oxidative reactions occurring at the cellular level. The energy expenditure (EE) is categorized into obligatory and facultative processes. Basal metabolic rate is the largest contributor to total daily EE in sedentary adults, and there is significant interindividual variability. Additional EE is needed for digestion, thermoregulation, exercise, and nonexercise activities. The mechanisms of interindividual variability in EE have genetic and environmental origins, and further investigation is required. Understanding interindividual variability in EE and its underlying factors is important for predicting disease risk and personalizing prevention and treatment strategies.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)