Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yuxin Wu, Zixuan Zhang, Hong Liu, Baizhan Li, Baofan Chen, Risto Kosonen, Juha Jokisalo
Summary: There are differences in thermal perception and physiological responses between the elderly and young people in unstable thermal environments. The elderly have smaller variations and time lag in thermal responses, and reported less discomfort and complaints of sick building syndrome and perceived air quality. The skin temperatures of the arms and head of the elderly were lower in some conditions, indicating the need for more careful consideration of health risks.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xiaoyu Tian, Junyu Yu, Weiwei Liu
Summary: This study investigates the application of facial skin temperature in evaluating thermal sensation. The experimental results show significant differences in skin temperature at different measurement points, with an increased uneven distribution as air temperature decreases. The study finds that nose skin temperature and the average skin temperature of the forehead, nose, and chin are the most suitable indicators of thermal sensation.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yuxin Wu, Zixuan Zhang, Hong Liu, Baizhan Li, Risto Kosonen, Juha Jokisalo, Weining Wang
Summary: Understanding thermal comfort in dynamic environments is crucial for developing air temperature control strategies. This study investigated the effects of air temperature change rates and directions on thermal perceptions and physiological responses. The results showed that temperature change direction had an impact on thermal sensation, with decreasing temperatures leading to lower thermal sensation votes. The study also proposed preliminary thermal comfort models suitable for hot summer climates.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Changyong Yu, Baizhan Li, Yuxin Wu, Baofan Chen, Risto Kosonen, Simo Kilpelainen, Hong Liu
Summary: This study compares the performance of individual thermal comfort prediction models using professional and practical data settings with different machine learning algorithms. Results show higher accuracy with professional data and the Cosine KNN and ensemble of Subspace KNN are identified as the best ML algorithms for professional and practical settings, respectively.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yeyu Wu, Bin Cao
Summary: This study focuses on identifying individual thermal comfort requirements using infrared images and proposes prediction models based on machine learning algorithms. The results show that the machine learning models based on local skin temperature have similar prediction accuracy to traditional models and have significant feasibility for practical application.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yijia Zhou, Maohui Luo, Hang Yu, Xiang Zhou
Summary: This study investigates the dynamic characteristics of thermal sensitivity in the arm and face. Results show that within the first 4 seconds of stimulation, the skin temperature change reaches 52% of the final variation. The arm and face show higher sensitivity to cooling stimuli compared to heating stimuli, with overshooting rates of 1.6 and 1.9 times for the arm, and 1.8 and 2.0 times for the face. Gender and body part significantly affect warm sensitivity, while cold sensitivity remains consistent across body parts.
INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shan Zhou, Baizhan Li, Chenqiu Du, Runming Yao, Linyuan Ouyang, Haixia Zhou, Risto Kosonen, Arsen Krikor Melikov, Liangyue Shang, Hong Liu
Summary: This study investigates the impact of daily temperature changes on the thermal responses of the elderly and establishes thermal prediction models specifically for them. The findings suggest that temperature changes and neutral thermal experiences significantly influence the thermal responses of the elderly, and they exhibit different responses compared to young people.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haiying Wang, Wenyu Li, Jie Wang, Manshu Xu, Baowei Ge
Summary: This study found that using larger size and higher power input heating mats can significantly improve subjects' thermal sensation, feet thermal sensation, and thermal comfort. When the air temperature decreases, feet thermal sensation should be higher to keep the total thermal sensation close to neutral. Heating mats also increase subjects' working efficiency, related to thermal sensation and thermal comfort.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yuxin Wu, Hong Liu, Baizhan Li, Risto Kosonen, Shen Wei, Juha Jokisalo, Yong Cheng
Summary: The study found that considering thermal history is crucial for the accuracy of individual thermal comfort models. Results show that incorporating historical air temperature as an input parameter can significantly improve the prediction accuracy of thermal comfort and thermal demand.
BUILDING SIMULATION
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Abdelkader Bassoud, Hamid Khelafi, Abderahmane Mejedoub Mokhtari, Abdelmalek Bada
Summary: The study used the ASHRAE-55 adaptive model to evaluate thermal comfort and climatic adaptation in old buildings made of adobe in a hot and arid region. The results showed that these buildings offer better thermal comfort compared to modern concrete buildings during extreme heat, due to their high thermal insulation properties.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Amir Omidvar, Jungsoo Kim
Summary: This paper presents a novel theoretical model for predicting thermal sensations based on key environmental and physiological parameters. The proposed model, grounded on the ASHRAE thermal sensation index (TSENS), offers insight into the causal relationship between thermal sensations and factors such as skin temperature, heart rate, and air temperature. The performance of the model was evaluated under various thermal environmental conditions and showed accurate predictions of individual thermal sensations. It can be used for individual thermal comfort assessment and in combination with data-driven machine learning models for continuous monitoring of thermal comfort conditions.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haiyan Yan, Lulu Yang, Mengru Dong, Bo Hu, Zhen Sun, Fangning Shi, Guodong Yuan, Xiaofang Bi
Summary: This study compared the thermal comfort of two common heating terminals, BRH and FH, in urban residential buildings in cold areas of China. The results showed that FH terminals have significantly higher mean radiant temperature and operative temperature, leading to increased acceptance of low-temperature environment among occupants.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sijing Liu, Bin Cao, Yingxin Zhu
Summary: To holistically assess the urban environment, consideration of both indoor and outdoor thermal environments is crucial. Outdoor thermal parameters have a significant impact on the quality of urban life. This study focuses on the differences between indoor and outdoor thermal comfort, excluding visual and acoustic interference. Through an experiment conducted in an indoor climate chamber and three types of outdoor spaces, subjective evaluations and physiological parameters of participants were explored. The findings indicate that individuals experience higher thermal comfort and are less sensitive to changes in thermal parameters outdoors. Subjects tend to prefer staying outdoors in a wide range of outdoor thermal environments. Furthermore, the use of VR glasses between 27.5 and 33.5 degrees Celsius under direct sunlight provides a significantly cooler sensation. This study pioneers the use of VR glasses and noise-canceling earphones to comprehensively compare indoor and outdoor thermal comfort while excluding the influence of visual and auditory factors. The results highlight the greater comfort brought by outdoor thermal environment compared to indoor air conditioning, emphasizing the importance of improving outdoor thermal environments. The potential benefits of comfortable outdoor thermal environments in comparison to neutral indoor environments can be further explored.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Samar Thapa
Summary: Recent studies have shown that respondents' perceptions of thermal sensation scales do not always follow the assumption of equidistance, leading to a proposed adjustment in the Griffiths' equation to incorporate these differences.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xiaoxia Zhang, Songtao Hu, Yongming Ji, Haonan Ma, Guodan Liu
Summary: An indoor thermal environment has a significant impact on immunity, with increased environmental temperature leading to higher concentration of S-IgE in saliva. A comfortable and warm environment may enhance oral mucosal immunity.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jaafar Younes, Minzhou Chen, Kamel Ghali, Risto Kosonen, Arsen K. Melikov, Nesreen Ghaddar
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yuxin Wu, Zixuan Zhang, Hong Liu, Baizhan Li, Baofan Chen, Risto Kosonen, Juha Jokisalo
Summary: There are differences in thermal perception and physiological responses between the elderly and young people in unstable thermal environments. The elderly have smaller variations and time lag in thermal responses, and reported less discomfort and complaints of sick building syndrome and perceived air quality. The skin temperatures of the arms and head of the elderly were lower in some conditions, indicating the need for more careful consideration of health risks.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ru Ming, Baizhan Li, Chenqiu Du, Wei Yu, Hong Liu, Risto Kosonen, Runming Yao
Summary: Human thermal comfort is influenced by various interactive variables, and understanding the interactions and causality among these variables is important but insufficiently explored. This study proposes an Interaction Matrix-based Path Analysis (IMPA) modeling approach to examine the direct and indirect effects of variables on thermal comfort. Field studies in five climate zones of China were conducted to verify the approach.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Bin Zhou, Xiao Wu, Yue-Kai Zeng, Mei-Lan Tan, Feng Liu, Qi-Sheng Zhuang
Summary: A wearable low-temperature plasma (LTP) device was developed to minimize the inhalation risk of bioaerosol in the human body micro-environment. The device produced active species identified as N-2(B-3 Pi g -> A(3)Sigma(+)(u)) and center dot OH. It demonstrated a significant reduction in the concentration of E. coli and S. albus, as well as particle removal efficiency on a thermal manikin.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xiaolei Yuan, Mingya Zhu, Yumin Liang, Mehdi Shahrestani, Risto Kosonen
Summary: This study compares the energy-related carbon emissions and performance of two heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning technologies (GSHP and cogeneration) in short and long-term periods under the UK decarbonization plans. It shows that the GSHP system outperforms the cogeneration system in terms of carbon reduction in both periods, despite the cogeneration system performing better in a scenario without future electricity decarbonization plans.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Qibin Li, Hong Liu, Yuxin Wu, Risto Kosonen, Baizhan Li
Summary: This study compared the effects of fluctuating foot heating and traditional constant heating on thermal responses. The results showed that foot heating significantly improved thermal sensation and overall thermal comfort. In cold environments, constant heating was more effective in increasing skin temperature and thermal sensation. However, heating the foot alone could not effectively improve overall thermal comfort. In cold environments above 13 degrees C, fluctuating heating could better avoid local overheating and ensure a thermal acceptance rate greater than 90%. The optimal fluctuating foot heating mode was recommended for application in cold environments above 13 degrees C.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jaafar Younes, Minzhou Chen, Kamel Ghali, Risto Kosonen, Arsen Krikor Melikov, Azin Velashjerdi Farahani, Simo Kilpelainen, Nesreen Ghaddar
Summary: This study proposes a novel approach to refurbishing elderly houses to enhance their sustainability and heatwave resilience for low-income groups. The approach uses multi-objective optimization and autonomous control strategy to provide thermoneutral indoor conditions at a low cost. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of this strategy through a case study of a representative apartment.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Haizhou Fang, Hongwei Tan, Ningfang Dai, Zhaohui Liu, Risto Kosonen
Summary: Hourly building energy consumption prediction plays a critical role in building operations management. This study proposes a key feature search selection (KFSS) approach to adapt to parameter changes and improve the accuracy, stability, and generalization of the model. The findings show that the KFSS method can effectively track daily load and significantly enhance prediction accuracy compared to original methods. This research is valuable for enhancing the robustness of data-driven models for building energy consumption prediction.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yuchen Ju, Juha Jokisalo, Risto Kosonen
Summary: Short-term thermal energy storage techniques can effectively reduce peak power and accommodate more intermittent renewable energies in district heating systems. This paper investigated the potential of peak shaving through the integration of a thermal storage tank into a substation of a Finnish office building.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xinyi Hu, Juha Jokisalo, Risto Kosonen, Matti Lehtonen, Teng Shao
Summary: High heating expenses in Chinese rural houses in severe cold regions are mainly caused by high heating demand, inferior envelope performance, and low-efficiency heating equipment. This study presents cost-optimal envelope renovation solutions using simulation-based multi-optimization analysis, which can reduce CO2 emissions and lifecycle cost (LCC). The results show that intermittent and continuous heating can cut CO2 emissions by 30% and 40% respectively, and the LCC with continuous heating decreased by 8% after renovation。
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yuchen Ju, Pauli Hiltunen, Juha Jokisalo, Risto Kosonen, Sanna Syri
Summary: This study explores the application of demand response techniques in reducing heating costs for building owners. By modeling a district heating network in Espoo, Finland, dynamic district heat prices are defined. The results show that demand response control of space heating and a thermal energy storage tank can achieve energy cost savings of 9.6% and 3.4% respectively, and when both approaches are employed simultaneously, energy cost savings of 12.8% can be attained.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ilia Kravchenko, Pertti Pasanen, Sami Lestinen, Simo Kilpelainen, Risto Kosonen
Summary: This study investigates the possibility of microbial growth in ventilation ductwork exposed to humid and cold conditions. The results showed the extinction of colonies by the end of the experiment regardless of the chosen night-time ventilation strategy. Therefore, the risk of long-term growth on the walls of air ducts and microbial transfer to room space is low.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tianchen Xue, Juha Jokisalo, Risto Kosonen, Yuchen Ju
Summary: Designing hybrid GSHP systems with a backup energy source can address underground thermal imbalance and improve system performance. This study investigated different methods to improve the long-term performance of a hybrid GSHP system coupled to district heating and an air-cooled chiller. The results showed that these methods significantly improved system performance, but adjustments to system capacity or borehole length were still necessary for long-term operation.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xiaolei Yuan, Behrang Vand, Kristian Martin, Juha Jokisalo, Yumin Liang, Risto Kosonen, Yiqun Pan
Summary: This study compared three approaches to reduce heating costs in an educational office building while maintaining thermal comfort. The decentralized control method achieved the highest cost savings (5%) by adjusting the heating set point, while both centralized control and peak demand limiting also showed potential for savings. Depending on the district heating provider, implementing peak demand limiting can achieve significant cost savings (up to 16.9%) with a slight sacrifice in thermal comfort. Overall, decentralized control and district heating-based demand limiting are effective strategies for reducing heating costs.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haizhou Fang, Hongwei Tan, Risto Kosonen, Xiaolei Yuan, Kai Jiang, Renrong Ding
Summary: This study proposes a data augmentation based on occupancy behavior (DAOB) method to enhance the robustness and reliability of building energy consumption predictive modeling by expanding the building's three occupancy behavior data.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Parth Bansal, Steven Jige Quan
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between urban form and canopy layer urban heat island (CUHI) using a relatively large sample of microclimate sensors in Seoul, Korea. The study compares different statistical models and finds that the spatially explicit gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) model has the highest accuracy. The study also shows that the effect of urban form on CUHI varies at different time instances during the day. These findings provide valuable insights for planners to understand the complexity of urban climate and reduce CUHI magnitude.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Miaomiao Liu, Salah Almazmumi, Pinlu Cao, Carlos Jimenez-bescos, John Kaiser Calautit
Summary: Windcatchers provide effective low-energy ventilation and summer passive cooling in temperate climates. However, their use in winter is limited due to significant ventilation heat loss and potential discomfort. This study evaluates the applicability of windcatchers in low-temperature conditions, highlighting the need for control strategies to reduce over-ventilation and the integration of heat recovery or thermal storage to enhance winter thermal conditions.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Behrouz Nourozi, Aneta Wierzbicka, Runming Yao, Sasan Sadrizadeh
Summary: This article presents a systematic review of ventilation solutions in hospital wards, aiming to enhance pathogen removal performance while maintaining patient and healthcare staff comfort using air-cleaning techniques. The study reveals the importance of proper ventilation systems in reducing infection risk and adverse effects of cross-contamination.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhen Yang, Weirong Zhang, Hongkai Liu, Weijia Zhang, Mingyuan Qin
Summary: The study examines the influence of personalized local heating on the thermal comfort of occupants in old residential buildings. The findings reveal that personalized local heating can increase the overall thermal sensation of occupants, but only a few methods are effective in enhancing thermal comfort. The chosen heating methods and background temperature affect the participants' selection of heating parts.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hong Cheng, Dan Norback, Huilin Zhang, Liu Yang, Baizhan Li, Yinping Zhang, Zhuohui Zhao, Qihong Deng, Chen Huang, Xu Yang, Chan Lu, Hua Qian, Tingting Wang, Ling Zhang, Wei Yu, Juan Wang, Xin Zhang
Summary: The home environment and sick building syndrome (SBS) symptoms in five southern Chinese cities have been studied over time. The study found a decrease in asthma prevalence and an increase in allergic rhinitis. Cockroaches, rats, mice, mosquitoes or flies were identified as consistent biological risk factors for SBS symptoms, while redecoration, buying new furniture, and traffic air pollution were identified as other risk factors.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chaojie Xing, Zhengtao Ai, Zhiwei Liu, Cheuk Ming Mak, Hai Ming Wong
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the emission characteristics of droplets around the mouth during dental treatments. The results showed that the peak mass fraction of droplets occurs within the size range of 20 μm to 100 μm, and droplets with a diameter less than 200 μm account for over 80% of the mass fraction. The dominant emission direction of droplets is towards the dummy's head and chest, forming an approximately cone shape.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhijian Liu, Zhe Han, Lina Hu, Chenxing Hu, Rui Rong
Summary: This study compared the effects of different respiratory behaviors on the distribution of aerosols in a ward and the risk of infection for healthcare workers using numerical simulation. It was found that talking in the ward significantly increased aerosol concentrations, particularly short periods of talking. Wards designed with side-supply ventilation had lower overall infection risk. Talking alternately between healthcare workers and patients slightly extended the impact time of aerosols.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yan Yan, Mengyuan Kang, Haodong Zhang, Zhiwei Lian, Xiaojun Fan, Chandra Sekhar, Pawel Wargocki, Li Lan
Summary: In a high-density city, opening windows for sleep may lead to increased indoor temperature, higher PM2.5 concentration, and noise disturbance, which can negatively impact sleep quality.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yan Bai, Liang Liu, Kai Liu, Shuai Yu, Yifan Shen, Di Sun
Summary: This study developed a non-intrusive personal thermal comfort model using machine learning techniques combined with infrared facial recognition. The results showed that the ensemble learning models perform better than traditional models, and the broad learning model has a higher prediction precision with lower computational complexity and faster training speed compared to deep neural networks. The findings provide a reference for optimizing building thermal environments.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yue Lei, Zeynep Duygu Tekler, Sicheng Zhan, Clayton Miller, Adrian Chong
Summary: Mixed-mode ventilation is a promising solution for achieving energy-efficient and comfortable indoor environments. This study found that occupants can thermally adapt when switching between natural ventilation (NV) and air-conditioning (AC) modes within the same day, with the adaptation process stabilizing between 35 to 45 minutes after the mode switch. These findings are important for optimizing thermal comfort in mixed-mode controls, considering the dynamic nature of thermal adaptation.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Nan Mo, Jie Han, Yingde Yin, Yelin Zhang
Summary: This study develops a method based on the LCZ framework for a comprehensive evaluation of urban-scale heat island effects, considering the impact of geographic factors on LST. The results show that Guilin's geomorphological conditions lead to abnormal heat island effects during winter, and the cooling effects of mountains and water bodies vary seasonally in different built areas, with LCZ 2 exhibiting the strongest cooling effect.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tunga Salthammer
Summary: Monitoring the potential formaldehyde emission of wood-based materials through test chamber investigations has significantly contributed to reducing indoor formaldehyde concentrations. However, the different methodologies used in these procedures prevent direct result comparison. Empirical models for converting formaldehyde steady-state concentrations based on temperature, humidity, air change rate, and loading were developed in the 1970s and have been modified to accommodate the development of lower-emitting materials. Formaldehyde emissions from wood-based materials are complex and require nonlinear regression tools for mathematical analysis.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Katarina Stebelova, Katarina Kovacova, Zuzana Dzirbikova, Peter Hanuliak, Tomas Bacigal, Peter Hartman, Andrea Vargova, Jozef Hraska
Summary: This study investigated the impact of reduced short-wavelength light on the hormone melatonin metabolite 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (u-sMEL) and examined the association between previous day's light exposure and u-sMEL. It was found that reducing short-wavelength light during the day did not change the concentration of u-sMEL. Personal photopic illuminance was positively correlated with u-sMEL in the reference week. The illuminance had a significant impact on u-sMEL, as shown by the evaluation of the mean of all three urine samples. However, this correlation was not found in the experimental week.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ruoxin Xiong, Ying Shi, Haoming Jing, Wei Liang, Yorie Nakahira, Pingbo Tang
Summary: This study proposes a data-model integration method to identify and calibrate uncertainties in machine learning models, leading to improved thermal perception predictions. The method utilizes the Multidimensional Association Rule Mining algorithm to identify biased human responses and enhances prediction accuracy and reliability. The study also evaluates different calibration techniques and discovers their potential in enhancing prediction reliability.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Beichao Hu, Zeda Yin, Abderrachid Hamrani, Arturo Leon, Dwayne McDaniel
Summary: This paper introduces an innovative super-resolution approach to model the air flow and temperature field in the cold aisle of a data center. The proposed method reconstructs a high-fidelity flow field by using a low-fidelity flow field, significantly reducing the computational time and enabling real-time prediction.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
