Article
Neurosciences
Young Hee Sung, Young Noh, Eung Yeop Kim
Summary: Thin-section neuromelanin-sensitive MRI provides insights into the affected regions of the substantia nigra pars compacta in early-stage Parkinson's disease, with specific areas (nigrosome 1 and 2) showing significant spatial differences between patients and healthy subjects.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lixue Lin, Yuye Lan, He Zhu, Lingling Yu, Shuang Wu, Wangyixuan Wan, Yang Shu, Hongchun Xiang, Tengfei Hou, Hong Zhang, Yan Ma, Wen Su, Man Li
Summary: In TS mice, chemogenetic inhibition of D1R- or D2R-containing neurons in the SNpc and dSTR alleviated stereotyped behavior and motor dysfunctions. On the other hand, activation of D1R-containing neurons in the dSTR may worsen stereotyped behavior in TS. This provides new targets for treatment and further studies on the pathogenesis of TS.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Carmela Conte, Angela Ingrassia, John Breve, John J. J. Bol, Evelien Timmermans-Huisman, Anne-Marie van Dam, Tommaso Beccari, Wilma D. J. van de Berg
Summary: This study found an increased expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the brains of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, which colocalized with phosphorylated α-synuclein (pSer129-aSyn) at the site of damage, suggesting a potential role in mediating the neuroinflammatory response in PD.
Review
Cell Biology
Amrita Kulkarni, Kumari Preeti, Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena, Saurabh Srivastava, Shashi Bala Singh, Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
Summary: Protein dyshomeostasis plays a key role in age-related neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, characterized by the deposition of Lewy bodies composed of alpha-synuclein protein aggregates. The proper functioning of proteostasis, including unfolded protein response, ubiquitin-proteasome system, and autophagy-lysosome pathway, is crucial for protein synthesis, folding, confirmation, and degradation. Mutational changes in the genes involved in these pathways, as well as epigenetic modifications and microRNA-mediated transcriptional changes, contribute to proteostasis dysregulation. Defective proteostasis leads to the deposition of proteins, which can serve as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. Targeting different aspects of proteostasis machinery holds promise for delaying the accumulation of pathological hallmarks.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Haorei Yarreiphang, D. J. Vidyadhara, Anand Krishnan Nambisan, Trichur R. Raju, B. K. Chandrashekar Sagar, Phalguni Anand Alladi
Summary: Genetic mutations play a role in Parkinson's disease susceptibility. Mixing different genetic makeup can have neuroprotective effects against neurotoxin MPTP. Differences in mitochondrial proteins and apoptotic factors among different strains suggest their involvement in PD pathogenesis. Admixing reduces the risk to MPTP by favoring anti-apoptotic consequences.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Cui Liu, Nan-Wei Kang, Ying Wang, Yan Xue, Xin-Yi Chen, Lei Chen
Summary: The present study investigated the effects of apelin on the spontaneous firing activity of nigral dopaminergic neurons and found that it may serve as a neuroprotective factor in Parkinson's disease.
Article
Neurosciences
Cui Liu, Nan-Wei Kang, Ying Wang, Yan Xue, Xin-Yi Chen, Lei Chen
Summary: The neuropeptide apelin modulates the firing activity of nigral dopaminergic neurons and may serve as a neuroprotective factor in Parkinson's disease.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ernest W. W. Wang, Gregory L. L. Brown, Mechelle M. M. Lewis, Leslie C. C. Jellen, Cunfeng Pu, Melinda L. L. Johnson, Hairong Chen, Lan Kong, Guangwei Du, Xuemei Huang
Summary: This retrospective study found that susceptibility MRI metrics in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) are associated with glial density and tau burden, key neuropathologic features in parkinsonism. The results highlight the importance of MRI in assessing the pathological characteristics of SNc in Parkinson's disease.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anais Marie, Julien Leroy, Morgane Darricau, Serge Alfos, Veronique De Smedt-Peyrusse, Emmanuel Richard, Sylvie Vancassel, Clementine Bosch-Bouju
Summary: Vitamin A supplementation partially alleviates motor alterations and improves striatal function in a rat model of PD, suggesting a potential beneficial preventive approach for the disease.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
M. S. Shahpari, M. R. N. Namavar, L. K. D. Kamali Dolatabadi, H. A. Aligholi, M. E. Emamghoreishi
Summary: The study showed that SNpr plays a crucial role in seizure propagation, with differences in diameter and cell numbers observed between early and late-phase kindled groups. These findings indicate that SNpr is an important structure involved in the processes of epileptogenesis.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abubakar Atiq, Hyeon Jin Lee, Amjad Khan, Min Hwa Kang, Inayat Ur Rehman, Riaz Ahmad, Muhammad Tahir, Jawad Ali, Kyonghwan Choe, Jun Sung Park, Myeong Ok Kim
Summary: Trolox is a potent antioxidant that has been used to investigate the effects of oxidative stress in biological systems. It has demonstrated neuroprotective effects against ischemia and IL-1 beta-mediated neurodegeneration. This study explored the potential protective mechanisms of Trolox against a Parkinson's disease mouse model induced by MPTP.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yining Gao, Hongxia Li, Huoqing Luo, You Ni, Yifan Feng, Lu He, Qinming Zhou, Ji Hu, Sheng Chen
Summary: This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of movement disorders caused by anti-IgLON5 antibodies. The results showed that mice injected with these antibodies exhibited persistent movement impairments for up to 3 months, which may be related to impaired dopaminergic pathway and neurodegenerative changes induced by the antibodies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander Pilski, Steven M. Graves
Summary: Methamphetamine (meth) is a neurotoxic psychostimulant that affects axonal and somatic compartments of neurons in the brain, leading to degeneration of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and locus coeruleus (LC) neurons. This study found that chronic meth use results in axonal deficits in SNc and LC neurons in male mice before somatic loss occurs, while female mice are resistant to these effects. MAO inhibition showed neuroprotective effects, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for meth-induced degeneration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jiang-Peng Fan, Hui-Zhen Geng, Ya-Wei Ji, Tao Jia, Jennifer B. Treweek, An-An Li, Chun-Yi Zhou, Viviana Gradinaru, Cheng Xiao
Summary: Key components in the nigrostriatal DA system exhibit distinct aging patterns and may contribute to age-related alterations in locomotion and coordination.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
L. Darbinyan, K. Simonyan, L. E. Hambardzumyan, L. P. Manukyan, S. H. Badalyan, V. H. Sarkisian
Summary: Curcumin has a neuroprotective effect and can improve the electrical activity of dopaminergic neurons in a rat model of Parkinson's disease induced by rotenone.
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sandy Stayte, Kathryn J. Laloli, Peggy Rentsch, Aimee Lowth, Kong M. Li, Russell Pickford, Bryce Vissel
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Peggy Rentsch, Sandy Stayte, Timothy Egan, Ian Clark, Bryce Vissel
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Franklin B. Krasne, Raphael Zinn, Bryce Vissel, Michael S. Fanselow
Summary: The study focuses on the extinction of contextual fear in exposure therapy for fear disorders, introducing a new neurocomputational model BaconX. The model explains how contextual representations are formed and associated with fear, and predicts factors influencing successful extinction, such as session length and context change.
Article
Immunology
Hui Chen, Baoming Wang, Gerard Li, Joel R. Steele, Sandy Stayte, Bryce Vissel, Yik Lung Chan, Chenju Yi, Sonia Saad, Rita Machaalani, Brian G. Oliver
Summary: Research shows that exposure to e-cigarettes impairs short-term memory independently of diet and nicotine, and is associated with systemic inflammation, decreased synaptic protein levels, and increased astrogliosis in chow-fed mice, but decreased astrogliosis and increased microglia in HFD-fed mice.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jessica Leake, Raphael Zinn, Laura H. Corbit, Michael S. Fanselow, Bryce Vissel
Summary: Memories formed under inadequate learning time display maladaptive properties, with differences in neuronal activation impacting memory specificity. Larger memory engrams support better neuronal and behavioral discrimination, showing the influence of previous learning and present experience on behavior.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Sandy Stayte, Amolika Dhungana, Bryce Vissel, Laura A. Bradfield
Summary: Recent evidence suggests that the parafascicular nucleus of the thalamus and the lateral orbitofrontal cortex play roles in representing internal state/context and guiding action selection in partially observable tasks, possibly through inputs onto cholinergic interneurons in the dorsomedial striatum. This function may be achieved interdependently through direct projections or the convergence of independent inputs onto striatal targets.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Gary P. P. Morris, Emma K. K. Gowing, Jo-Maree Courtney, Hannah E. E. Coombe, Natalie E. E. King, Sarah S. J. Rewell, David W. W. Howells, Andrew N. N. Clarkson, Brad A. A. Sutherland
Summary: Stroke therapy has traditionally focused on preventing damage and promoting recovery in areas outside the irreparable core of a stroke. Recent studies suggest that there may be endogenous responses within the core that play a role in limiting the spread of damage and enhancing recovery, but the role of blood flow and capillary pericytes in this process is still not well understood. This study demonstrates the presence of blood vessels and blood flow in the ischemic core two weeks after a stroke, and an increase in the expression of pericyte markers in this region. These findings suggest that blood flow within the core may be important for limiting injury and promoting endogenous repair following cerebral ischemia.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Amolika Dhungana, Serena Becchi, Jessica Leake, Gary Morris, Nesli Avgan, Bernard W. Balleine, Bryce Vissel, Laura A. Bradfield
Summary: A comprehensive investigation of goal-directed action in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease reveals deficits in behavior control and a correlation with neuroinflammation in the dorsal CA1 hippocampal region.
Article
Neurosciences
Gary P. P. Morris, Catherine G. G. Foster, Jo-Maree Courtney, Jessica M. M. Collins, Jake M. M. Cashion, Lachlan S. S. Brown, David W. W. Howells, Gabriele C. C. DeLuca, Alison J. J. Canty, Anna E. E. King, Jenna M. M. Ziebell, Brad A. A. Sutherland
Summary: We discovered a subset of microglia, called pericyte-associated microglia (PEM), that closely associate with pericytes. PEM are present in the brain and spinal cord, and their number is reduced in the superior frontal cortex in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This may contribute to vascular dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peggy Rentsch, Timothy Egan, Andrea Kuriakose, Sandy Stayte, Bryce Vissel
Summary: L-Dopa treatment for Parkinson's disease can cause dyskinesias, and this study suggests that the increased ratio of M1 to M2 microglia in the striatum is a contributing cause of dyskinesias. Anti-inflammatory drugs can alleviate dyskinesias and reduce the M1/M2 microglia ratio.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Amanda L. Wright, Lyndsey M. Konen, Bruce G. Mockett, Gary P. Morris, Anurag Singh, Lisseth Estefania Burbano, Luke Milham, Monica Hoang, Raphael Zinn, Rose Chesworth, Richard P. Tan, Gordon A. Royle, Ian Clark, Steven Petrou, Wickliffe C. Abraham, Bryce Vissel
Summary: RNA editing at the Q/R site of GluA2 plays a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases and learning impairments. Impaired Q/R site editing in Alzheimer's disease suggests that inhibiting the expression of unedited GluA2(Q) may prevent synapse loss and neurodegeneration in AD.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ian A. Clark, Bryce Vissel
Summary: Over a decade's experience of post-stroke rehabilitation by etanercept indicates that excess TNF contributes to chronically diminished neurological function. Treatment with etanercept can revert chronically activated microglia to their normal state, offering potential for treating various chronic neurological illnesses characterized by activated microglia.
PHARMACOLOGY RESEARCH & PERSPECTIVES
(2023)