Review
Cell Biology
Bradford A. Youngblood, John Leung, Rustom Falahati, Jason Williams, Julia Schanin, Emily C. Brock, Bhupinder Singh, Alan T. Chang, Jeremy A. O'Sullivan, Robert P. Schleimer, Nenad Tomasevic, Christopher R. Bebbington, Bruce S. Bochner
Summary: Siglec-8 is a cell surface receptor with inhibitory activities on immune cells, being selectively expressed on human mast cells and eosinophils. AK002, an antibody targeting Siglec-8, has shown potential in clinical development for diseases involving mast cells and eosinophils.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Chen E. Rosenberg, Paneez Khoury
Summary: The diagnosis of eosinophilia with pulmonary involvement requires a comprehensive evaluation of clinical, laboratory, and radiological features, and a systematic approach is essential. Treatment strategies should be tailored based on the underlying cause and urgency, with consideration of biologic therapies when appropriate.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhiyu Zhang, Yingxin Sun, Su-Ning Chen
Summary: This study presented two cases of IHES that were refractory to corticosteroids and showed that Omalizumab may be a seminal therapeutic strategy for these patients, whether as long-term management of AEC or as an urgent intervention to address severe symptoms caused by eosinophilia.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Michelle A. Makiya, Paneez Khoury, Fei Li Kuang, Alexis Dominique Mata, Sana Mahmood, Abbie Bowman, David Espinoza, Nicholas Kovacs, Thomas Brown, Nicole Holland, Lauren Wetzler, JeanAnne M. Ware, Anne-Marie Dyer, Praveen Akuthota, Bruce S. Bochner, Vernon M. Chinchilli, Gerald J. Gleich, Carol Langford, Peter A. Merkel, Ulrich Specks, Peter F. Weller, Michael E. Wechsler, Calman Prussin, Michael P. Fay, Amy D. Klion
Summary: This study aimed to compare the reliability of measuring eosinophil granule proteins in urine and plasma, as well as other related proteins, in patients with eosinophil-associated diseases treated with different therapies. The measurement of urine eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) concentration might provide a potential biomarker of disease activity in patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA).
Review
Allergy
Chen E. Rosenberg, Patricia C. Fulkerson, Kelli W. Williams
Summary: Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare group of disorders characterized by elevated levels of eosinophils in the blood and organ damage without any other identifiable cause. This review provides insights into the best practices in diagnosing and treating HES in children, including differentiating between primary and secondary causes, understanding the clinical differences between children and adults, and identifying key steps in evaluating and managing the condition.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Kathrin Miethe, Elene Iordanishvili, Pardes Habib, Jens Panse, Stefan Kraemer, Martin Wiesmann, Joerg B. Schulz, Omid Nikoubashman, Arno Reich, Joao Pinho
Summary: This study reported a case of HES patient and described the imaging patterns of cerebral ischemia in patients with HES through a systematic review. The results showed that the most common imaging pattern in HES patients is border zone distribution of cerebral ischemia without hemodynamic compromise.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Andrew John Wardlaw, Sarah Wharin, Hnin Aung, Shireen Shaffu, Salman Siddiqui
Summary: This study describes the causes of unexplained eosinophilia in a specialist service and the diagnostic algorithm developed. The results showed that parasitic infection, fungal allergy, and severe eosinophilic asthma were common causes, while hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) disease, especially myeloproliferative disease, was relatively rare.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Senlian Hong, Chenhua Yu, Emily Rodrigues, Yujie Shi, Hongmin Chen, Peng Wang, Digantkumar G. Chapla, Tao Gao, Ruoxuan Zhuang, Kelley W. Moremen, James C. Paulson, Matthew S. Macauley, Peng Wu
Summary: Siglecs are identified as glyco-immune checkpoints that modulate signaling cascades on innate and adaptive immune cells through interactions with sialylated glycan ligands overexpressed on tumor cells. NK cells induce glycan remodeling on target cells at the immunological synapse, which can enhance NK effector functions for related applications. Glycan engineering of NK cells may provide a means to boost NK cytotoxicity through the modulation of Siglec-7-regulated NK activation.
ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Andreas Reiter, Guillaume Lefevre, Maria C. Cid, Namhee Kwon, Eleni Mavropolou, Steven W. Yancey, Jonathan Steinfeld
Summary: The analysis evaluated the relationship between baseline therapy and flare reduction in HES patients treated with mepolizumab. Results showed that mepolizumab was effective in reducing flares regardless of baseline therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Sebastian Fernandez-Pol, Bruce Petersen, Jo-Ellen Murphy, Jean S. Oak, Erica B. K. Wang, Kerri E. Rieger, Youn H. Kim, Michael S. Khodadoust, Carlos J. Suarez
Summary: LV-HES is a rare condition characterized by eosinophilia caused by eosinophilopoietic cytokine production by an immunophenotypically abnormal T-cell clone. The molecular pathogenesis of this disorder is still unclear, but cases with pathogenic STAT3 mutations have been reported, supporting the model that activation of STAT3 signaling through STAT3 SH2 domain mutations is a recurring event in LV-HES.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tomoki Origuchi, Tomohisa Uchida, Tatsuki Sakaguchi, Haruna Matsuo, Toru Michitsuji, Masataka Umeda, Toshimasa Shimizu, Tomohiro Koga, Shin-Ya Kawashiri, Naoki Iwamoto, Kunihiro Ichinose, Mami Tamai, Masahiro Ichinose, Koji Ando, Ichiro Horie, Nobuhiro Nakao, Junji Irie, Atsushi Kawakami
Summary: We report a case of a 78-year-old Japanese man with IgG4-related sialoadenitis complicated with marked eosinophilia. The patient showed a significant increase in peripheral eosinophil count after total incision of the submandibular gland and responded well to corticosteroid therapy. Previous cases of IgG4-related disease with severe eosinophilia were also reviewed.
Article
Dermatology
Lucia T. Fernandez, Jorge Ocampo-Candiani, Anabella Watts-Santos, Maria D. Guerrero-Putz, Sandra Nora Gonzalez-Diaz, Maria Del Carmen Zarate-Hernandez, Olga G. Cantu-Rodriguez, Maira E. Herz-Ruelas
Summary: Episodic hypereosinophilia and angioedema syndrome, known as Gleich syndrome, is a rare condition characterized by recurrent episodes of eosinophilia, angioedema, urticaria, fever and weight gain that resolve spontaneously. This article reports a case of a 42-year-old male with a 28-year history of recurrent erythematous wheals and plaques and persistent hypereosinophilia. Diagnosis was based on clinical and laboratory findings.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOPATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Antoine Gaillet, Pierre Bay, Edwige Peju, Hafid Ait-Oufella, Elie Azoulay, Nacime Benchabane, Charles Cerf, Yves Cohen, Nicolas de Prost, Stanislas Faguer, Guillaume Geri, Steven Grange, Jean-Emmanuel Kahn, Louis Kreitmann, Romaric Larcher, Guillaume Lefevre, Asma Mabrouki, Armand Mekonsto Dessap, Kewin Panel, Frederic Pene, Marc Pineton de Chambrun, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte, Jean-Francois Timsit, Antoine Vieillard-Baron, Auguste Dargent, Antoine Herault, Matthieu Groh
Summary: This study retrospectively investigated the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of eosinophilia in the ICU among adult patients. The results showed that eosinophilia occurred in 0.9% of all ICU hospitalizations. Patients were divided into two groups based on the timing of eosinophilia, and different etiological workups and management approaches were required for each group.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Jacqueline Zayas, Margot S. Peters, Joseph H. Butterfield, Thanai Pongdee, Olayemi Sokumbi
Summary: This retrospective study reviewed the clinical and histopathological features of cutaneous HES in adult patients with HES. The most common clinical morphologies were urticarial and eczematous, and the most frequent histopathological finding was a spongiotic pattern with abundant inflammation. Other organ systems were involved in the majority of cHES patients, with pulmonary involvement being the most common.
JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Qian Zhang, Daoyuan Si, Zhongfan Zhang, Wenqi Zhang
Summary: Loeffler endocarditis is a rare heart disease often associated with hypereosinophilic syndrome and intracardiac thrombus formation. Early use of corticosteroids and anticoagulation therapy may be beneficial, but the prognosis of this condition is typically poor with a relatively high mortality rate.
BMC CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Allergy
Fanny Legrand
Article
Immunology
Fanny Legrand, Jesica Herrick, Michelle Makiya, Roshan Ramanathan, Reagan Thompson, Shakuntala Rampertaap, Jennifer Stoddard, JeanAnne Ware, Michael P. Fay, Nicole Holland-Thomas, Thomas B. Nutman, Amy D. Klion
Summary: The study investigated the role of IL-5 in eosinophilia during DEC treatment for loiasis. While reslizumab was effective in reducing peripheral eosinophilia, it did not prevent adverse events post-treatment.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
E. Mitre, A. D. Klion
Summary: Eosinophils have been implicated in both protective and pathogenic immune responses to helminth infection since their earliest descriptions. However, their precise role in helminth infection remains incompletely understood due to factors such as the heterogeneity of parasites, complexity in host immune response, and the pleiotropic functions of eosinophils. This review examines the consequences of helminth-associated eosinophilia in terms of protective immunity, pathogenesis, and immunoregulation.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Allergy
Pier Giorgio Puzzovio, Ron Eliashar, Francesca Levi-Schaffer
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Pratibha Gaur, Ilan Zaffran, Tresa George, Fidan Rahimli Alekberli, Micha Ben-Zimra, Francesca Levi-Schaffer
Summary: This review summarizes updated information on the direct and indirect interactions of eosinophils with pathogens. Eosinophils, traditionally associated with allergic and parasitic diseases, have been shown to play a role in maintaining homeostasis and fighting infectious diseases. They possess various cellular mechanisms to combat pathogens and contribute to an efficient immune response.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Allergy
Francesca Levi-Schaffer, Bernhard F. Gibbs, Jenny Hallgren, Carlo Pucillo, Frank Redegeld, Frank Siebenhaar, Joana Vitte, Soraya Mezouar, Moiese Michel, Pier Giorgio Puzzovio, Marcus Maurer
Summary: With the advancement of research technologies and methodologies, there has been an increased understanding of the origin, development, function, and interactions of human mast cells. The potential contribution of mast cells to disease has led to the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoav Charpak-Amikam, Tom Lapidus, Batya Isaacson, Alexandra Duev-Cohen, Tal Levinson, Adi Elbaz, Francesca Levi-Schaffer, Nir Osherov, Gilad Bachrach, Lois L. Hoyer, Maya Korem, Ronen Ben-Ami, Ofer Mandelboim
Summary: This study identifies how Candida albicans evades the immune response by manipulating the immune checkpoint receptor TIGIT. The results suggest that immunotherapy using a TIGIT-blocking antibody can restore anti-Candida immunity and serve as a potential therapeutic tool.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ilan Zaffran, Nadine Landolina, Pratibha Gaur, Tihana Lenac Rovis, Jonjic Stipan, Ofer Mandelboim, Bernhard B. Singer, Francesca Levi-Schaffer
Summary: We investigated the effect of activating CEACAM1 on melanoma cells and found that it induced apoptosis. In vivo experiments also showed a slight inhibitory effect on tumor weight.
CANCER GENE THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Andrea C. Bohrer, Ehydel Castro, Claire E. Tocheny, Maike Assmann, Benjamin Schwarz, Eric Bohrnsen, Michelle A. Makiya, Fanny Legrand, Kerry L. Hilligan, Paul J. Baker, Flor Torres-Juarez, Zhidong Hu, Hui Ma, Lin Wang, Liangfei Niu, Zilu Wen, Sang H. Lee, Olena Kamenyeva, Keith D. Kauffman, Michele Donato, Alan Sher, Daniel L. Barber, Laura E. Via, Thomas J. Scriba, Purvesh Khatri, Yanzheng Song, Ka-Wing Wong, Catharine M. Bosio, Amy D. Klion, Katrin D. Mayer-Barber
Summary: The influx of eosinophils into the lungs is associated with various immune responses, including allergies and infections. This study reveals that eosinophils also accumulate in lung lesions during inflammation caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. These cells migrate into the lungs as early as one week after Mtb exposure and their recruitment is dependent on the oxysterol receptor GPR183. Eosinophils directly interact with bacilli-laden alveolar macrophages, indicating their role in sensing and responding to Mtb infection.
Review
Allergy
Peter Valent, Amy D. Klion, Florence Roufosse, Dagmar Simon, Georgia Metzgeroth, Kristin M. Leiferman, Juliana Schwaab, Joseph H. Butterfield, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Karl Sotlar, Peter Vandenberghe, Gregor Hoermann, Torsten Haferlach, Richard Moriggl, Tracy George, Cem Akin, Bruce S. Bochner, Jason Gotlib, Andreas Reiter, Hans-Peter Horny, Michel Arock, Hans-Uwe Simon, Gerald J. Gleich
Summary: Eosinophilia and eosinophil activation are common in various diseases. They can lead to hypereosinophilia and hypereosinophilic syndrome, which can cause organ damage. The classification and criteria for these conditions have been widely accepted and regarded as standard since 2012. However, new developments in the field have created a need to update these criteria. A recent working conference on eosinophil disorders discussed new markers and concepts, aiming to improve the diagnosis and management of patients with hypereosinophilia and hypereosinophilic syndrome.
Correction
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ilan Zaffran, Nadine Landolina, Pratibha Gaur, Tihana Lenac Rovis, Stipan Jonjic, Ofer Mandelboim, Bernhard B. Singer, Francesca Levi-Schaffer
CANCER GENE THERAPY
(2023)
Letter
Hematology
Esther Rheinbay, Meifang Qi, Juliette M. Bouyssou, Andrew J. Oler, Lauren Thumm, Michelle Makiya, Irina Maric, Amy D. Klion, Andrew A. Lane
Review
Allergy
Martin Metz, Pavel Kolkhir, Sabine Altrichter, Frank Siebenhaar, Francesca Levi-Schaffer, Bradford A. Youngblood, Martin K. Church, Marcus Maurer
Summary: Chronic urticaria is a mast cell-dependent disease with limited therapeutic options. Current strategies focus on inhibiting IgE-mediated activation of mast cells and antagonizing the effects of released mediators. MC silencers have been developed as a new strategy to selectively block mast cell activation without causing immunosuppressive adverse effects.
Article
Allergy
Michelle. A. A. Makiya, Thomas Brown, Nicole Holland, Lauren Wetzler, JeanAnne. M. M. Ware, Paneez Khoury, Pamela. A. A. Frischmeyer-Guerrerio, Amy. D. D. Klion, Fei Li Kuang
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the role of CRTH2+CD161+ (peTh2) memory CD4+ T cells in the overlapping pathologies of food allergy and eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders. The results showed that patients with both conditions had increased numbers of CRTH2+CD161+ cells, but the cytokine profiles of these cells were significantly different.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Pratibha Gaur, Mansour Seaf, Nirit Trabelsi, Orly Marcu, Daria Gafarov, Ora Schueler-Furman, Ofer Mandelboim, Micha Ben-Zimra, Francesca Levi-Schaffer
Summary: This study confirms that the staphylococcus aureus exotoxin SEB can bind and activate the 2B4 receptor, exacerbating inflammation. 2B4 plays a crucial role in SA-associated inflammation and may serve as an interesting therapeutic target.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)