Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kathryn A. Salvati, Ashley J. Mason, Casey D. Gailey, Eric J. Wang, Zheng Fu, Mark P. Beenhakker
Summary: The study found that mice carrying mutations in the Cilk1 gene did not exhibit epilepsy, suggesting that the link between CILK1 mutations and JME is not through haploinsufficiency of CILK1.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Justine Masson, Vincent El Ghouzzi
Summary: This article discusses how the loss-of-function of GA and GA-associated proteins leads to ciliary defects and ciliopathies.
Article
Cell Biology
Ezgi Odabasi, Deniz Conkar, Jovana Deretic, Umut Batman, Kari-Anne M. Frikstad, Sebastian Patzke, Elif Nur Firat-Karalar
Summary: CCDC66 is a microtubule-associated protein involved in cilium biogenesis and ciliopathies. It localizes between centrosomes, centriolar satellites, and the ciliary axoneme and tip during cilium biogenesis. Depletion of CCDC66 leads to defects in cilium assembly, length, and morphology, as well as impaired Hedgehog pathway activation. Furthermore, CCDC66 is necessary for the recruitment of transition zone proteins and intraflagellar transport B (IFT-B) machinery to the basal body. Overall, CCDC66 plays a multifaceted role in regulating the primary cilium and provides insight into the assembly of functional cilia.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yunfeng Bai, Cuiting Wei, Ping Li, Xuefeng Sun, Guangyan Cai, Xiangmei Chen, Quan Hong
Summary: The primary cilium is crucial for kidney development and maintaining renal function. Defects in cilia structure and function are associated with the progression of renal diseases.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Honghu Li, Qian Luo, Wei Shan, Shuyang Cai, Ruxiu Tie, Yulin Xu, Yu Lin, Pengxu Qian, He Huang
Summary: Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can perceive both soluble signals and biomechanical inputs, with mechanotransduction playing a critical role in regulating their functions. However, the underlying molecular details of biomechanical regulation in HSCs are still poorly understood.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Ruixin Ge, Minghui Cao, Miao Chen, Min Liu, Songbo Xie
Summary: Primary cilia function as sensory organelles that monitor extracellular signals and transduce them into intracellular responses. Actin and microtubule networks play critical roles in primary ciliogenesis and maintenance. Targeting cytoskeleton-associated proteins may be a promising therapeutic strategy for treating ciliopathies.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Petra Zur Lage, Zhiyan Xi, Jennifer Lennon, Iain Hunter, Wai Kit Chan, Alfonso Bolado Carrancio, Alex von Kriegsheim, Andrew P. Jarman
Summary: Ciliary motility in humans relies on highly conserved axoneme-specific dynein motor complexes, and mutations in these motors can lead to primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). Research in Drosophila has identified a less-known assembly factor, DNAAF3, which is essential for the function of mechanosensory neurons and sperm-producing cells in fruit flies. Mutations in DNAAF3 result in deaf larvae and uncoordinated adults, indicating a dysfunction in Ch neurons. Additionally, the absence of dynein arms in mutant Ch neuron cilia and immotile sperm with disrupted axoneme further demonstrates the importance of dynein motors in ciliary function and sperm motility.
Review
Cell Biology
Kerstin Hasenpusch-Theil, Thomas Theil
Summary: The formation of the cerebral cortex, a complex process involving various types of neurons and complex connections, is crucial for advanced neural functions. Recent studies have linked cilia to processes such as neurogenesis and neuronal migration during cortex development.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Laura Sanchez-Bellver, Vasileios Toulis, Gemma Marfany
Summary: Ciliopathies are a group of heterogeneous inherited disorders caused by dysfunction of the cilium, affecting cells in multiple organs. The unique feature of daily renewal in photoreceptor outer segments and the efficient transport of proteins in ciliary transport are crucial for photoreceptor survival.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Joanna Walczak-Sztulpa, Anna Wawrocka, Cenna Doornbos, Ronald Van Beek, Anna Sowinska-Seidler, Aleksander Jamsheer, Ewelina Bukowska-Olech, Anna Latos-Bielenska, Ryszard Grenda, Ernie M. H. F. Bongers, Miriam Schmidts, Ewa Obersztyn, Maciej R. Krawczynski, Machteld M. Oud
Summary: This study describes two patients with ciliopathies who have the same genetic variants but exhibit distinct phenotypes. The research highlights the importance of integrated analysis of clinical, molecular, and functional data in accurately diagnosing ciliopathy patients.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Caihong Dong, Xinyue Dai, Xi Wang, Qing Lu, Liang Chen, Xinran Song, Li Ding, Hui Huang, Wei Feng, Yu Chen, Meiqi Chang
Summary: This study introduces a calcium fluoride nanozyme with ultrasound-enhanced peroxidase-like activity, which can efficiently promote tumor catalytic nanotherapy induced by calcium overload. The discovery of enzyme-like activity of valence-invariable metal compounds expands the understanding of nanozymes and has significant application prospects in the field of catalytic and chemoreactive nanomedicine.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Julio C. Corral-Serrano, Paul E. Sladen, Daniele Ottaviani, Olivia F. Rezek, Dimitra Athanasiou, Katarina Jovanovic, Jacqueline van der Spuy, Brian C. Mansfield, Michael E. Cheetham
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential therapeutic effect of eupatilin on CEP290-associated retinal diseases. Eupatilin improves cilia formation and length, reduces rhodopsin retention, and modulates gene expression in retinal organoids.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David J. Simon, Joshua Levitz
Summary: This study reveals a new type of synapse that enables chemical transmission between serotonergic axons and the primary cilia of hippocampal neurons, providing insights into the role of the primary cilium in neuromodulatory signaling.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Theodore George Drivas, Anastasia Lucas, Xinyuan Zhang, Marylyn DeRiggi Ritchie
Summary: By conducting association studies in 452,593 individuals from the UK Biobank, we identified statistically significant associations between 16,874 common genetic variants and 42 out of 122 ciliary genes, showing strong correlation between gene expression levels and laboratory traits in relevant tissues. Additionally, specific ciliary subcompartments were found to be associated with distinct sets of phenotypes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Yuhei Nishimura, Daishi Yamakawa, Takashi Shiromizu, Masaki Inagaki
Summary: The dysregulation of kinase signaling is associated with various pathological conditions like cancer and obesity. Targeting dysregulated kinases selectively in specific contexts can enhance therapeutic specificity and reduce off-target adverse effects. Primary cilia play a key role in detecting extracellular cues and their dysregulation contributes to diseases in different ways, such as cancer and ciliopathies.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alex Abelson, Caroline Qian, Trenton Salk, Zhongyue Luan, Kan Fu, Jian-Guo Zheng, Jenna L. Wardini, Matt Law
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shahad Saad, Sarmed Kathem
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rajasekharreddy Pala, Subhaswaraj Pattnaik, Siddhardha Busi, Surya M. Nauli
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. The advent of nanotechnology has revolutionized disease understanding and treatment, with the concept of theranostics gaining attention in managing CVDs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sheng Zhang, Gretchen Guaglianone, Michael A. Morris, Stan Yoo, William J. Howitz, Li Xing, Jian-Guo Zheng, Hannah Jusuf, Grace Huizar, Jonathan Lin, Adam G. Kreutzer, James S. Nowick
Summary: Fluorescent derivatives of beta-amyloid peptides are useful for studying interactions with cells. This study presents a method for expressing N-terminal cysteine Aβ peptides and conjugating them with fluorophores or biotin, yielding labeled Aβ peptides that behave similarly to unlabeled ones. The labeled Aβ peptides were successfully used in interactions with mammalian cells and bacteria, demonstrating their potential as valuable tools for researchers.
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samah M. Redha, Sarmed H. Kathem
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sala M. Shareef, Sarmed H. Kathem
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Young -Woo Nam, Rajasekharreddy Pala, Naglaa Salem El-Sayed, Denisse Larin-Henriquez, Farideh Amirrad, Grace Yang, Mohammad Asikur Rahman, Razan Orfali, Myles Downey, Keykavous Parang, Surya M. Nauli, Miao Zhang
Summary: Compound 4 selectively potentiates human K(Ca)2.3 channels, increasing flow-induced Ca2+ signaling and cilia length in endothelial cells, with potential implications in vasodilation and ciliopathic hypertension.
ACS CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Qian Chen, Lulu Cao, Jinji Li, Qiang Fu, Yonghui Zhu, Qingjie Guo, Ruobai Liu, Tian Li, Wen Zhang, Jun Du, Jianguo Zheng, Zhaocong Huang, Ping Kwan Johnny Wong, Bin Fang, Zhongming Zeng, Ya Zhai
Summary: A reliable method to enhance the spin mixing conductance at the ferromagnetic/non-magnetic material interface through rare-earth doping in the non-magnetic layer is reported. The doping of rare-earth enables effective tuning of the interface, leading to improved spin injection and manipulation efficiency.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sarmed H. Kathem, Waleed K. Abdulsahib, Munaf H. Zalzala
Summary: Immune-mediated hepatitis poses a severe threat to human health with no effective treatment currently available. The study aimed to investigate the protective effects of BE and TQ in ConA-induced acute liver injury, showing significant reduction in liver damage with both substances. These findings highlight the potential of BE and TQ as new therapeutic agents for treating hepatitis and autoimmune diseases.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Dhruva Nathan, Atharva Deo, Kevin Haughn, Suin Yi, Jungmin Lee, Dawei Gao, Rahul Shenoy, Mingjie Xu, Ich C. Tran, Jian-Guo Zheng, Zixuan Rong, Mingyu Wang, Christopher M. Shaffer, Chen Wu, Tanay Topac, Xiyuan Chen, Lei He, Fu-Kuo Chang, R. Stanley Williams, Daniel J. Inman, Yong Chen
Summary: Unlike computers, the human brain can learn and adapt in real-time, but computers perform better in specific tasks. This research developed a self-programming neuromorphic integrated circuit using synaptic resistors, which can execute inference and learning algorithms in real-time and improve efficiency in complex environments.
JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Waleed K. Abdulsahib, Sarmed H. Kathem, Mohanad Y. Al-Radeef, Layth S. Jasim
Summary: This study assessed the potential antiepileptic and neuroprotective properties of peppermint essential oil (MPO) in epilepsy models. The results showed that MPO increased the latency time of seizures, reduced the number of seizures, and decreased mortality rate.
VETERINARY MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dawei Gao, Rahul Shenoy, Suin Yi, Jungmin Lee, Mingjie Xu, Zixuan Rong, Atharva Deo, Dhruva Nathan, Jian-Guo Zheng, R. Stanley Williams, Yong Chen
Summary: This research presents a crossbar circuit of synaptic resistors (synstors) that can process signals and learn concurrently in real time. The synstor circuit outperforms an ANN running on computers in terms of learning speed, performance, power consumption, and adaptability to changing environments, and can fly drones to a target position faster than human controllers without prior training.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Saja Majeed Shareef, Sarmed Hashim Kathem
Summary: This study has found that gentiopicroside has a protective effect against LPS-induced acute kidney injury. It inhibits the TLR4-MYD88 dependent and independent signaling pathways, improving renal function and structural kidney damage.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL NEGATIVE RESULTS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sheng Jiang, Zhaocong Huang, Qi An, Wen Zhang, Yuli Yin, Dong Zhang, Jun Du, Biao You, Jian-Guo Zheng, Wenqing Liu, Ya Zhai
Summary: The significance of spin transport over an interface in energy-efficient spintronic devices has been studied. The investigation of permalloy/Cu1???xTbx (Py/Cu-Tb) interfaces reveals that the thickness of the Cu-Tb layer affects the saturation magnetization of the bilayers and leads to the formation of a self-assembled antiferromagnetic interface. Parameters such as spin mixing conductance, spin diffusion length, and damping can be controlled by inserting a thin Cu layer or varying the compositions of Cu-Tb alloys.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sarmed H. Kathem, Ali Azeez Al-Jumail, Malak Noor-Aldeen, Noor Najah, Dema Ali Khalid
Summary: The study aimed to measure the prevalence of depression and anxiety among Iraqi pharmacy and medical students and investigate the association between sociodemographic factors and HADS scores. Results showed that high study hours, low sleep hours, academic achievement, and social support were significantly associated with more depression and anxiety symptoms. To reduce anxiety and depression levels, students may need more social support, exercise, sleep, less social media use, and a lower academic workload.
PHARMACY PRACTICE-GRANADA
(2021)