Article
Food Science & Technology
Michael E. Tlusty
Summary: The study found that while food-based dietary guidelines are an effective means to encourage healthy eating habits, their impact on promoting consumption of healthy fish species, particularly those high in long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, is limited. In the United States, the predominant consumption of shrimp does not significantly contribute to dietary omega-3 consumption.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Britta Planer-Friedrich, Carolin F. Kerl, Andrea E. Colina Blanco, Stephan Clemens
Summary: The occurrence of arsenic in rice poses a serious threat to human health. Current regulations only limit carcinogenic inorganic arsenic, while possibly carcinogenic dimethylated thioarsenates are not regulated. More sophisticated methods or regulation of total arsenic should be implemented to accurately assess the toxicity of rice-derived dimethylated thioarsenates.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nan Jing, Jing Peng, Xin Yang, Xinzheng Wang, Qian Liu, Hongli Wang, Weihua Li, Fangting Dong, Kun He, Na Wang
Summary: Dimethylarsenic acid, a natural organic arsenic in seafood, is generally considered to have low toxicity. However, its effects on chronic toxicity and overall metabolic level are not well understood. Our study found that exposure to dimethylarsenic acid significantly altered the metabolic level of mice, and the effects were not fully restored after the cessation of arsenic intake.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Albena Merdzhanova, Veselina Panayotova, Diana A. Dobreva, Katya Peycheva
Summary: This study analyzed the lipid content, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and recommended intake of commonly consumed seafood in Western Black Sea, Bulgaria. The results showed that the seafood harvested in this region, including various fish species, bivalves and shrimp, contained high levels of health beneficial PUFA. The study demonstrates that these seafood items can contribute to the minimum recommended intake of omega-3 fatty acids for the local population.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Linda Tram, Christian S. Bork, Stine K. Veno, Anne N. Lasota, Soren Lundbye-Christensen, Erik B. Schmidt, Kim Overvad
Summary: Utilizing data from the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort, researchers found no significant association between intake of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the risk of peripheral artery disease after a 13.6-year follow-up period.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xuefei Li, Zhengjie Lu, Yongjian Qi, Biao Chen, Bin Li
Summary: This study used the Mendelian randomization approach to explore the potential causal relationships between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and osteoarthritis (OA), and found that higher levels of omega-6 fatty acids may reduce the risk of knee OA and hip OA. These results highlight the importance of maintaining optimal levels of PUFAs, especially omega-6 fatty acids, in individuals with a genetic predisposition to OA.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ayu Kasamatsu, Hiroshi Tachimoto, Mitsuyoshi Urashima
Summary: This study investigated the associations between maternal dietary habits, infant feeding patterns, and serum levels of DHA and other LCPUFAs in 5-6-month-old infants in Japan. It found that frequent consumption of Blue-back fish and/or White fish by lactating mothers, as well as prioritizing breastfeeding, can effectively increase infants' serum DHA levels.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kamila P. Liput, Adam Lepczynski, Magdalena Ogluszka, Agata Nawrocka, Ewa Polawska, Agata Grzesiak, Brygida Slaska, Chandra S. Pareek, Urszula Czarnik, Mariusz Pierzchala
Summary: It is recommended to reduce saturated fatty acids (SFA) and increase polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) n-3 and n-6 in the diet to lower the risk of metabolic disorders. Western-type diet often contains excessive n-6 PUFAs and a high n-6/n-3 ratio. Oxylipins derived from n-3 and n-6 PUFAs play a role in inflammation, while PUFAs have varying effects on cell growth, proliferation, and neoplastic lesion progression, as observed in in vitro studies, animal models, and epidemiological studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
William S. Harris, Nathan L. Tintle, Linda Cornish, Jennifer Lin
Summary: Higher omega-3 fatty acid blood levels are associated with lower risk for cardiovascular disease and total mortality. This study compared the omega-3 index (O3I) levels of people living on the coast with those living inland, and found that coastal residents had higher O3I levels. This suggests a correlation between seafood intake and omega-3 fatty acid levels, and increasing seafood consumption may help attain optimal omega-3 status.
NUTRITION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Erika F. H. Saunders, Dahlia Mukherjee, Tiffany Myers, Emily Wasserman, Ahmad Hameed, Venkatesh Bassappa Krishnamurthy, Beth Maclntosh, Anthony Domenichiello, Christopher E. Ramsden, Ming Wang
Summary: The study investigated the preliminary efficacy of a high n-3 plus low n-6 (H3-L6) dietary intervention in improving mood stability in Bipolar Disorder (BD) patients. Results showed that the H3-L6 group had reduced variability in mood, energy, irritability, and pain compared to the control group, but no significant differences were found in mean ratings of mood symptoms between the two groups. The dietary intervention showed potential in improving mood symptom variability in BD participants.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Johanna Sigaux, Alice Bellicha, Camille Buscail, Chantal Julia, Rene-Marc Flipo, Alain Cantagrel, Francois Laporte, Caroline Beal, Marie-Christophe Boissier, Luca Semerano
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum lipid profiles and disease activity in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The study found that a serum lipid profile rich in n-3 fatty acids was independently associated with persistently reduced disease activity, while a profile rich in n-6 fatty acids was associated with lower disease activity.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elham Yaghubi, Stefano Carboni, Rhiannon M. J. Snipe, Christopher S. Shaw, Jackson J. Fyfe, Craig M. Smith, Gunveen Kaur, Sze-Yen Tan, David Lee Hamilton
Summary: The growing population presents challenges in providing sustainable food options and reducing pressures on agricultural land and freshwater resources. Farmed mussels may offer a partial solution to reducing GHGs associated with diets, as they provide sustainable high-quality protein and essential nutrients without putting undue pressure on land or water supplies.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Anil Kumar Patel, Ajeet Singh Chauhan, Prashant Kumar, Philippe Michaud, Vijai Kumar Gupta, Jo-Shu Chang, Chiu-Wen Chen, Cheng-Di Dong, Reeta Rani Singhania
Summary: This article provides an update on the production of essential fatty acids from potential microbes and explores novel strategies to promote the accumulation of omega-3 and omega-6 through engineering and omics approaches.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Camila Tureck, Bernardo Paz Barboza, Liliana Paula Bricarello, Anabelle Retondario, Mariane de Almeida Alves, Amanda de Moura Souza, Ricardo Fernandes, Francisco de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review of the scientific evidence on the oral intake of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and metabolic syndrome in adolescents. The results suggest that oral intake of omega-3 fatty acids may have a decreasing effect on blood pressure, glycemia, and triglycerides, and an increasing effect on HDL cholesterol. However, there is controversy in the scientific evidence due to the heterogeneity between studies and the divergence of results for the same metabolic syndrome component.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ivana Djuricic, Philip C. Calder
Summary: Oxidative stress and inflammation are important contributors to chronic non-communicable diseases. Different types of fatty acids have varying effects on chronic diseases, with moderate intake of Ω-6 fatty acids lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases and Ω-3 fatty acids helping to reduce inflammation levels.
Article
Pediatrics
Sandra Brooks, Barbara D. Friedes, Frances Northington, Ernest Graham, Aylin Tekes, Vera J. Burton, Gwendolyn Gerner, Jie Zhu, Raul Chavez-Valdez, Dhananjay Vaidya, Allen D. Everett
Summary: This multicenter observational study aimed to determine the association between gestational age and day of life with the serum concentration of brain injury-associated biomarkers in non-brain injured neonates. The results showed that BDNF and IL-8 concentrations varied with gestational age, while VEGF and interleukin concentrations were dynamic in the first week of life. Adjusting for gestational age and day of life is important for the accurate assessment of clinical brain injury in neonates.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Maria del Mar Vila, Laura Igual, Beatriz Remeseiro, Roberto Elosua, Rafel Ramos, Jose M. Valdivielso, Ruth Marti-Lluch, Jaume Marrugat, Maria Grau
Summary: This study assessed the correlation between biomarkers of lower limb atherosclerosis and carotid atherosclerosis. The results showed a linear trend between ankle-brachial index and common carotid intima-media thickness in men, and women with peripheral artery disease had a higher risk of atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid artery.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Arunkumar Krishnan, Tinsay A. Woreta, Dhananjay Vaidya, Yisi Liu, James P. Hamilton, Kelvin Hong, Alia Dadabhai, Michelle Ma
Summary: The study compared the ability of MELD and MELD-Na to predict mortality after TIPS and found that MELD outperformed MELD-Na in predicting mortality. Additionally, the study found that MELD-Na had a good predictive ability for overall mortality in cirrhotic patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anjum Hajat, Christina Park, Claire Adam, Annette L. Fitzpatrick, Sindana D. Ilango, Cindy Leary, Tanya Libby, Oscar Lopez, Erin O. Semmens, Joel D. Kaufman
Summary: Air pollution is associated with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), possibly due to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and the deposition of beta-amyloid in the brain. A study found that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), particulate matter (PM10), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was positively associated with higher levels of beta-amyloid, indicating a link between air pollution and ADRD.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Fang Chen, Xingyan Wang, Seon-Kyeong Jang, Bryan C. Quach, J. Dylan Weissenkampen, Chachrit Khunsriraksakul, Lina Yang, Renan Sauteraud, Christine M. Albert, Nicholette D. D. Allred, Donna K. Arnett, Allison E. Ashley-Koch, Kathleen C. Barnes, R. Graham Barr, Diane M. Becker, Lawrence F. Bielak, Joshua C. Bis, John Blangero, Meher Preethi Boorgula, Daniel Chasman, Sameer Chavan, Yii-Der Chen, Lee-Ming Chuang, Adolfo Correa, Joanne E. Curran, Sean P. David, Lisa de Las Fuentes, Ranjan Deka, Ravindranath Duggirala, Jessica D. Faul, Melanie E. Garrett, Sina A. Gharib, Xiuqing Guo, Michael E. Hall, Nicola L. Hawley, Jiang He, Brian D. Hobbs, John E. Hokanson, Chao A. Hsiung, Shih-Jen Hwang, Thomas M. Hyde, Marguerite R. Irvin, Andrew E. Jaffe, Eric O. Johnson, Robert Kaplan, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Joel D. Kaufman, Tanika N. Kelly, Joel E. Kleinman, Charles Kooperberg, I-Te Lee, Daniel Levy, Sharon M. Lutz, Ani W. Manichaikul, Lisa W. Martin, Olivia Marx, Stephen T. McGarvey, Ryan L. Minster, Matthew Moll, Karine A. Moussa, Take Naseri, Kari E. North, Elizabeth C. Oelsner, Juan M. Peralta, Patricia A. Peyser, Bruce M. Psaty, Nicholas Rafaels, Laura M. Raffield, Muagututi'a Sefuiva Reupena, Stephen S. Rich, Jerome Rotter, David A. Schwartz, Aladdin H. Shadyab, Wayne H-H Sheu, Mario Sims, Jennifer A. Smith, Xiao Sun, Kent D. Taylor, Marilyn J. Telen, Harold Watson, Daniel E. Weeks, David R. Weir, Lisa R. Yanek, Kendra A. Young, Kristin L. Young, Wei Zhao, Dana B. Hancock, Bibo Jiang, Scott Vrieze, Dajiang J. Liu
Summary: Most TWASs conducted so far have focused on European ancestry and lacked diversity. To address this limitation, researchers aggregated GWAS summary statistics, whole-genome sequences, and eQTL data from diverse ancestries. They developed a new approach called TESLA, which integrates eQTL datasets with multi-ancestry GWAS, improving power and identifying more genes associated with tobacco use phenotypes compared to alternative TWAS methods. The study also suggests potential drug repurposing options for treating nicotine addiction.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Erin R. Kulick, Joel D. Kaufman, Coralynn Sack
Summary: Despite recent advances in treatment and prevention, stroke remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. A body of evidence suggests that elevated levels of ambient air pollutants may trigger cerebrovascular events in susceptible people and increase the risk of future events. This review assesses the evidence for both short and long-term exposure to ambient air pollution as a risk factor for stroke incidence and outcomes, and makes recommendations for mitigating exposure.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Lyndia C. C. Brumback, Leah I. B. Andrews, David R. R. Jacobs, Daniel A. A. Duprez, Elizabeth Hom Thepaksorn, Joel D. D. Kaufman, Julie O. O. Denenberg, Matthew A. A. Allison
Summary: This study found that age, sex, and race/ethnicity are associated with differences in arterial compliance, which is related to cardiovascular disease. PTC1 and PTC2, derived from a Windkessel model, were used to assess arterial compliance. Arterial compliance decreases with age and is relatively lower in females and Blacks.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carles Pericas, Gulcan Avcii, Jose M. Baena-Diez, Angela Dominguez, Diana Toledo, Ana Redondo, Carles Vilaplana-Carnerero, Maria Grau
Summary: This study analyzed the risk of partial school closure by economic level in Barcelona city. It found that during the academic year 2020-21, the risk was higher in low-income districts, with a six-fold higher risk compared to high-income districts. However, this socioeconomic gradient risk distribution was not observed in the academic year 2021-22.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Elsa D. Angelini, Jie Yang, Pallavi P. Balte, Eric A. Hoffman, Ani W. Manichaikul, Yifei Sun, Wei Shen, John H. M. Austin, Norrina B. Allen, Eugene R. Bleecker, Russell Bowler, Michael H. Cho, Christopher S. Cooper, David Couper, Mark T. Dransfield, Christine Kim Garcia, MeiLan K. Han, Nadia N. Hansel, Emlyn Hughes, David R. Jacobs, Silva Kasela, Joel Daniel Kaufman, John Shinn Kim, Tuuli Lappalainen, Joao Lima, Daniel Malinsky, Fernando J. Martinez, Elizabeth C. Oelsner, Victor E. Ortega, Robert Paine, Wendy Post, Tess D. Pottinger, Martin R. Prince, Stephen S. Rich, Edwin K. Silverman, Benjamin M. Smith, Andrew J. Swift, Karol E. Watson, Prescott G. Woodruff, Andrew F. Laine, R. Graham Barr
Summary: Unsupervised machine learning on CT scans identified six distinct CT emphysema subtypes with different characteristics, prognoses, and genetic associations, providing new insights for the treatment and prevention of COPD.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carles Vilaplana-Carnerero, Maria Giner-Soriano, Angela Dominguez, Rosa Morros, Carles Pericas, Dolores alamo-Junquera, Diana Toledo, Carmen Gallego, Ana Redondo, Maria Grau
Summary: Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and degenerative process, is closely linked to COVID-19 and subsequent cardiovascular diseases. This review aims to provide an overview of recent studies highlighting the bidirectional relationship between COVID-19 and atherosclerosis, as well as summarize the impact of cardiovascular drugs on COVID-19 outcomes. Evidence suggests worse prognosis for COVID-19 patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases, and new cases of cardiovascular diseases have been reported after COVID-19. Understanding this link can help identify risk factors and develop strategies to improve the prognosis for these patients.
Article
Developmental Biology
Eva Catenaccio, Rachel J. J. Smith, Raul Chavez-Valdez, Vera J. J. Burton, Ernest Graham, Charlamaine Parkinson, Dhananjay Vaidya, Aylin Tekes, Frances J. J. Northington, Allen D. D. Everett, Carl E. E. Stafstrom, Eva K. K. Ritzl
Summary: Quantitative analysis of electroencephalography (qEEG) is a potential source of biomarkers for neonatal encephalopathy (NE). We piloted a fully automated method to calculate qEEG features using commercially available software. We found that qEEG features were associated with the degree of encephalopathy, severity of neuroimaging abnormalities, and brain maturity in neonates undergoing therapeutic hypothermia.
DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
Michael R. Hussey, Daniel A. Enquobahrie, Christine T. Loftus, James W. MacDonald, Theo K. Bammler, Alison G. Paquette, Carmen J. Marsit, Adam A. Szpiro, Joel D. Kaufman, Kaja Z. LeWinn, Nicole R. Bush, Frances Tylavsky, Qi Zhao, Catherine J. Karr, Sheela Sathyanarayana
Summary: This study investigated the impact of prenatal traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) on placental gene expression. The results showed associations between TRAP and expression of genes STRIP2, CEBPA, and RASSF7, with interactions with infant sex. These findings suggest that TRAP may influence placental cell proliferation, autophagy, and growth, but additional research is needed for validation.
Meeting Abstract
Allergy
Ragha Suresh, Collin Dunnam, Dhananjay Vaidya, Donald MacGlashan, Robert Wood, Bruce Bochner, Melanie Dispenza
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Ryan L. Wallace, Oluseye Ogunmoroti, Di Zhao, Dhananjay Vaidya, Amir Heravi, Eliseo Guallar, Chiadi E. Ndumele, Joao A. C. Lima, Pamela Ouyang, Matthew J. Budoff, Matthew Allison, Isac Thomas, Oluwaseun E. Fashanu, Ron Hoogeveen, Wendy S. Post, Erin D. Michos
Summary: This study examined the associations between urinary isoprostane levels and measures of plaque prevalence, burden, incidence, and progression in different vascular beds. The results showed inconsistent associations between urinary isoprostanes and subclinical atherosclerosis by imaging. Therefore, the urinary isoprostane levels may have limited prognostic value in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).
ATHEROSCLEROSIS PLUS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Guillermo Torres, Jun Yang, Megan Griffiths, Stephanie Brandal, Rachel Damico, Dhananjay Vaidya, Catherine E. E. Simpson, Michael W. W. Pauciulo, William C. C. Nichols, David D. D. Ivy, Eric D. D. Austin, Paul M. M. Hassoun, Allen D. D. Everett
Summary: This study revealed that elevated serum IGFBP4 levels in patients with PAH were significantly associated with worse disease severity, decreased survival, and disease progression.
PULMONARY CIRCULATION
(2023)