Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Emma M. Swift, Johanna Gunnarsdottir, Helga Zoega, Ragnheidur Bjarnadottir, Thora Steingrimsdottir, Kristjana Einarsdottir
Summary: The study reveals that the increase in labor induction over the past decades is mainly attributed to the rise in various underlying conditions. However, around 9.2% of labor inductions lack clear indications, calling for further investigation.
ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Wael El-Matary, Zoann Nugent, Julia Witt, Charles N. Bernstein
Summary: This study found that there was a significant increase in pediatric IBD-attributable direct costs over time, mainly driven by medication costs.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Preeti Prakash, Anoushka Dua, Yair Blumenfeld, Po-Hung Chen, Alyssa M. Parian, Berkeley N. Limketkai
Summary: Over a 20-year period, live deliveries amongst women with IBD have increased. Trends in pregnancy outcomes have followed a similar trajectory in patients with and without IBD. However, there is still demonstrable risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with IBD.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Yik-Hei Sung, Chun-chiu Pang, Tom Chung-hoi Li, Paulina Pui Yun Wong, Yat-tung Yu
Summary: This study analyzed the population trends of wintering waterbirds in the Deep Bay area, South China, from 1998 to 2017, and found factors such as reliance on the Yellow Sea and body size to be negatively correlated. It emphasized the importance of wetland preservation and suggested continuing population surveys in the EAAF, particularly along the coast of China.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alice M. Jackson, Mark Macartney, Katriona Brooksbank, Carolyn Brown, Dana Dawson, Mark Francis, Alan Japp, Vera Lennie, Stephen J. Leslie, Thomas Martin, Paul Neary, Sowmya Venkatasubramanian, Debra Vickers, Robin A. Weir, John J. Mcmurray, Pardeep S. Jhund, Mark C. Petrie
Summary: This study investigated the incidence, risk factors, morbidity and mortality of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) in Scotland from 1998 to 2017, and found that PPCM poses considerable risks to mothers and children. There should be a lower threshold for investigating women at risk, and long-term follow-up should be considered even in cases of apparent recovery.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Walid Shouman, Joseph A. Delaney, Kaarina Kowalec, Marcus Ng, Chelsea Ruth, Jamieson Falk, Christine Leong, Silvia Alessi-Severini, Alekhya Lavu, Payam Peymani, Sherif Eltonsy
Summary: The utilization of antiseizure medications (ASMs) among pregnant women has been increasing in Manitoba, Canada, over the past few decades, especially among those without epilepsy. However, there has been no significant change in ASM use among pregnant women with epilepsy. These findings are important for understanding the impact of ASM use during pregnancy.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rajat Garg, Abdul Mohammed, Amandeep Singh, Miguel Regueiro, Benjamin Click
Summary: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have increased risk and worse outcomes of acute diverticulitis (AD) compared with non-IBD patients, as shown by higher rates of percutaneous drainage, venous thromboembolism (VTE), longer length of stay (LOS), and higher total cost. Within IBD patients, those with ulcerative colitis (UC) have even higher rates of surgical intervention, mortality, VTE, total cost, and LOS compared to those with Crohn's disease (CD) in the context of AD.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Suping Ling, Francesco Zaccardi, Eyad Issa, Melanie J. Davies, Kamlesh Khunti, Karen Brown
Summary: The aim of this study was to examine long-term trends in cancer mortality rates among individuals with type 2 diabetes, based on various demographic and risk factor subgroups. The results showed that while overall mortality rates decreased, cancer mortality rates increased in older individuals with type 2 diabetes, especially for colorectal, pancreatic, liver, and endometrial cancer. This highlights the need for tailored cancer prevention and early detection strategies to address disparities in the older population, individuals of lower socioeconomic status, and smokers.
Article
Surgery
Shannon N. Radomski, Miloslawa Stem, Michael Consul, Jay Rammohan Maturi, Haniee Chung, Susan Gearhart, Ada Graham, Vincent J. Obias
Summary: Research shows that the use of robotic surgical approaches in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing and is as safe as laparoscopic surgery. For patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), there is no difference in overall morbidity, serious morbidity, or conversion to open surgery between robotic and laparoscopic approaches. However, for patients with Crohn's disease (CD), the robotic approach has similar overall morbidity but higher rates of serious morbidity, shorter length of stay, and lower conversion rates to open surgery.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Norio Yasui-Furukori, Yasushi Kawamata, Taro Sasaki, Saaya Yokoyama, Hiroaki Okayasu, Masataka Shinozaki, Yoshitaka Takeuchi, Aoi Sato, Takaaki Ishikawa, Hazuki Komahashi-Sasaki, Kensuke Miyazaki, Takashi Fukasawa, Hanako Furukori, Norio Sugawara, Kazutaka Shimoda
Summary: This study retrospectively evaluated changes in drug treatments among schizophrenia patients over the past 20 years. The results showed a gradual substitution of second-generation antipsychotics for first-generation antipsychotics, even in the same patients.
NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISEASE AND TREATMENT
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Molly Sanborn, Mir M. Ali, Timothy B. Creedon
Summary: This study examines trends in psychotropic medication prescriptions during the COVID-19 pandemic using a national multi-payer pharmacy claims database. The study finds a decline in prescriptions during the early months of the pandemic, but a significant growth later on. It also highlights the increasing role of public insurance programs in financing psychotropic medication use during the pandemic.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ovais Wadoo, Javed Latoo, Majid Alabdulla, Yassin Eltorki, Sadaf Riaz, Mustafa Abdul Karim, Mohammed Abu-Hafizah, Shuja Reagu
Summary: This descriptive observational study evaluated the prescribing practice of clozapine in Qatar and found that while the prescribing rates were acceptable, there were issues of underutilization and delayed initiation. It provides the first study on clozapine utilization in the Middle-East and North-Africa region and valuable insights into the sociodemographic and clinical correlates of clozapine prescribing in Qatar.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christy L. Avery, Annie Green Howard, Hazel B. Nichols
Summary: The study reveals that the improvement in obesity-associated cancer mortality has slowed down, possibly being obscured by the patterns in total cancer mortality.
Article
Surgery
Alison C. Coogan, Michael D. Williams, Vaishnavi Krishnan, Nicholas J. Skertich, Adan Z. Becerra, Marc Sarran, Scott Schimpke, Alfonso Torquati, Philip Omotosho
Summary: This study examined prescription patterns for ursodiol and reassessed its impact on gallstone disease after bariatric surgery. The results showed that ursodiol significantly reduced the risk of developing gallstones, cholecystitis, or undergoing cholecystectomy within 1 year. However, despite the benefits, only 10% of patients were prescribed ursodiol postoperatively in 2020.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Joanna C. Inchley, Malachi Willis, Judith Mabelis, Judith Brown, Dorothy B. Currie
Summary: This study examined trends in inequalities in health complaints among early adolescents in Scotland from 1998 to 2018. The research analyzed data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey conducted in Scotland during the specified period. The findings indicated that there was a significant increase in the proportion of adolescents reporting mental health and physical complaints, particularly among girls and those from lower affluence families. Socio-economic inequalities also worsened over time, with greater declines in mental health among low affluence adolescents. This highlights the importance of addressing the social and structural determinants of adolescent mental health.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nishani Jayasooriya, Samantha Baillie, Jonathan Blackwell, Alex Bottle, Irene Petersen, Hanna Creese, Sonia Saxena, Richard C. C. Pollok, POP IBD study grp
Summary: This systematic review found that diagnostic delay is associated with negative clinical outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The median time to diagnosis was 8.0 months for CD and 3.7 months for UC, with longer diagnostic intervals observed in low-middle-income countries. Furthermore, delayed diagnosis was associated with increased risks of stricturing, penetrating disease, and intestinal surgery in CD, and increased risk of colectomy in UC.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Edouard Louis, Matthieu Resche-Rigon, David Laharie, Jack Satsangi, Nik Ding, Britta Siegmund, Geert D'Haens, Laurence Picon, Peter Bossuyt, Lucine Vuitton, Peter Irving, Stephanie Viennot, Christopher A. Lamb, Richard Pollok, Filip Baert, Maria Nachury, Mathurin Fumery, Cyrielle Gilletta, Sven Almer, Shomron Ben-Horin, Yoram Bouhnik, Jean-Frederic Colombel, Erik Hertervig
Summary: This study aimed to compare the relapse rate and time in remission over 2 years between patients continuing combination therapy, stopping infliximab, or stopping immunosuppressant therapy for Crohn's disease. The results showed that stopping infliximab had a higher relapse rate compared to stopping immunosuppressant therapy, suggesting that stopping immunosuppressant therapy may be a preferable strategy for treatment de-escalation.
LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Zhigang Liu, Kaixing Le, Xin Zhou, James L. Alexander, Simeng Lin, Claire Bewshea, Neil Chanchlani, Rachel Nice, Timothy J. McDonald, Christopher A. Lamb, Shaji Sebastian, Klaartje Kok, Charlie W. Lees, Ailsa L. Hart, Richard C. Pollok, Rosemary J. Boyton, Daniel M. Altmann, Katrina M. Pollock, James R. Goodhand, Nicholas A. Kennedy, Tariq Ahmad, Nick Powell, C. L. A. R. I. T. Y. study investigators CLARITY Study Investigators
Summary: This study aimed to determine the impact of the anti-TNF drug infliximab and the anti-integrin drug vedolizumab on vaccine-induced neutralising antibodies against the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2. The results showed that patients treated with infliximab had significantly lower antibody levels after three doses of vaccine compared to those treated with vedolizumab, and they also had a higher risk of breakthrough infection.
LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Richard Pollok, Nishani Jayasooriya, Samantha Baillie, Jonathan Blackwell, Irene Petersen, Alex Bottle, Sonia Saxena, POP IBD Study Grp
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Richard Pollok, Samantha Baillie, Nishani Jayasooriya, Jonathan Blackwell, Irene Petersen, Alex Bottle, Sonia Saxena
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Primary Health Care
KC. Sukriti, Salina Tewolde, Anthony A. Laverty, Ceire Costelloe, Chrysanthi Papoutsi, Claire Reidy, Bernard Gudgin, Craig Shenton, Azeem Majeed, John Powell, Felix Greaves
Summary: This study evaluated the patterns of uptake of the NHS App, registration differences, and the impact of COVID-19. The findings showed a significant increase in app downloads after the introduction of the COVID Pass feature. The study also identified disparities in app registration based on sociodemographic variables.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Primary Health Care
Nishani Jayasooriya, Richard C. Pollok, Jonathan Blackwell, Alex Bottle, Irene Petersen, Hanna Creese, Sonia Saxena
Summary: Rates of discontinuation and adherence to oral 5-ASA in adolescents and young adults with ulcerative colitis were determined in a cohort study. The study found that a significant proportion discontinued within the first year and adherence was lower among young adults compared to adolescents. Risk factors for discontinuation included older age and living in deprived areas, while early corticosteroid use lowered the likelihood of discontinuation.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Primary Health Care
Lara Shemtob, Kaveh Asanati, Nick Pahl, Azeem Majeed
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Heidi T. M. Lai, Kiara Chang, Mansour T. A. Sharabiani, Jonathan Valabhji, Edward W. Gregg, Lefkos Middleton, Azeem Majeed, Jonathan Pearson-Stuttard, Christopher Millett, Alex Bottle, Eszter P. Vamos
Summary: This study assessed the trajectories of cardio-metabolic factors in people with type 2 diabetes over a 20-year period before dementia diagnosis. Differences in blood pressure, body mass index, blood lipids, and blood glucose were observed between patients with and without dementia, but the differences were small.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Lara Shemtob, Ravi Parekh, Azeem Majeed
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Iago Rodriguez-Lago, Jonathan Blackwell, Beatriz Mateos, Urko M. Marigorta, Manuel Barreiro-de Acosta, Richard Pollok
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease leads to debilitating gastrointestinal symptoms and significant burden on healthcare utilization and costs. Early intervention and prevention strategies are crucial to reduce disease progression. Recent evidence suggests the existence of a preclinical phase of inflammatory bowel disease, which can be detected through novel omics techniques.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Minglei Shi, Lu Liu, Hatem Wafa, Vasa Curcin, Yanzhong Wang
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and previous stroke. The results showed that NOACs were more effective and safer compared to warfarin, especially in patients with previous intracranial hemorrhage.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Thomas Beaney, Jonathan Clarke, David Salman, Thomas Woodcock, Azeem Majeed, Mauricio Barahona, Paul Aylin
Summary: The frequency of diagnostic codes for newly diagnosed LTCs is influenced by factors including patient sociodemographics, disease inclusion in QOF, GP practice, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Natural language processing or other methods using temporally ordered code sequences should account for these factors to minimise potential bias.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Azeem Majeed
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)