Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mariana Brizuela, Joel Castro, Andrea M. Harrington, Stuart M. Brierley
Summary: This review discusses the underlying causes of chronic visceral pain in patients with IBS, highlighting the role of mediators and receptors that induce itch in the skin acting as gut irritants. Activation of these receptors triggers changes in neuronal excitability, leading to visceral hypersensitivity and pain, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for more effective treatment options.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Brennan Spiegel
Summary: This article proposes a hypothesis, known as the gravity hypothesis, that seeks to explain the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) by relating it to the influence of gravity on human evolution. It suggests that ineffective gravity management systems may lead to the development of IBS. The article reviews the impact of gravity on human evolution, discusses the imperfect adaptation of Homo sapiens to gravity, and explores the consequences of gravity intolerance in relation to IBS. It also considers the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of this hypothesis and suggests further experiments to support or reject it.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Jun-Jie Hou, Xin Wang, Yu-Ming Wang, Bang-Mao Wang
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disease that is closely associated with abnormal changes in gut microbiota and bile acids (BAs) metabolism. Recent research progress supports the potential of new therapeutic strategies targeting the microbiota-BAs axis for the treatment of IBS-D and other related diseases.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei Lin, Dongxiao Wu, Yongbin Zeng, Yuan Liu, Dajie Yu, Jianhang Wei, Yanliang Cai, Yueli Lin, Bin Wu, Huanhuan Huang
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics of gut microbiota in male periadolescent rats with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) induced by neonatal maternal separation (NMS). The IBS-like group displayed higher visceral sensitivity and differences in gut microbiota composition, with an increase in Bacteroidetes abundance and a decrease in Firmicutes. Functional analysis revealed significant alterations in aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and fatty acid biosynthesis. The findings demonstrate a correlation between gut microbiota dysbiosis and IBS during the male periadolescent period and suggest potential new treatments for IBS.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Isabelle A. M. van Thiel, Aimilia A. Stavrou, Auke de Jong, Bart Theelen, Mark Davids, Theodorus B. M. Hakvoort, Iris Admiraal-van den Berg, Isabelle C. M. Weert, Martine A. M. Hesselink-van de Kruijs, Duong Vu, Christine Moissl-Eichinger, Sigrid E. M. Heinsbroek, Daisy M. A. E. Jonkers, Ferry Hagen, Teun Boekhout, Wouter J. de Jonge, Rene M. van den Wijngaard
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder characterized by chronic abdominal pain and changes in bowel movements. Visceral hypersensitivity may be caused by intestinal fungi, but the diversity of fungal communities does not differ between IBS subgroups. The study highlights the importance of conducting strain-specific cause-and-effect studies in IBS research.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Siyu Tian, Hang Zhang, Siqi Chen, Pengning Wu, Min Chen
Summary: This bibliometric study provides a comprehensive summary of the research trend and developments in visceral hypersensitivity in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). The study reveals that China, the United States, and Belgium are the main contributors in this field, focusing on exploring the disease mechanisms and sensitizing factors. Additionally, the study highlights the potential relationship between gut microbiota and visceral hypersensitivity, suggesting probiotics as a promising direction for future research in this area.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xiaofang Lu, Shengsheng Zhang
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of TXYF on visceral hypersensitivity in stress-induced D-IBS rats. The results showed that TXYF could alleviate visceral hypersensitivity, decrease NGF release, and improve synaptic plasticity by inhibiting the activity of EGCs.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yan Xu, Ru Yao, Wenxue Zhao, Jianguo Zhu, Jingchun Yao, Guimin Zhang, Dongguang Liu
Summary: In this study, the effects of DXL-A-24 on visceral hypersensitivity, barrier function, and microbiota in rats with IBS were evaluated. It was found that DXL-A-24 reduced visceral sensitivity, improved intestinal barrier, and regulated gut microbiota.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sahar M. El-Haggar, Sahar K. Hegazy, Sherief M. Abd-Elsalam, Mostafa M. Bahaa
Summary: The study suggests that pentoxifylline could be a promising adjuvant anti-inflammatory drug in the treatment of abdominal pain in IBS patients, reducing inflammation and alleviating pain.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Wu Enqi, Song Jingzhu, Pei Lingpeng, Ling Yaqin
Summary: The study identified significant differences in microbial composition and function between two irritable bowel syndrome rat models, with potential implications for visceral hypersensitivity induced by early adversity. The findings suggest the importance of evaluating gut microbiota characteristics in IBS research and considering potential differences in modeling procedures.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zijuan Bi, Shisheng Zhang, Yangyang Meng, Ya Feng, Yinshu Wang, Enkang Wang, Xiangxue Pan, Ruixin Zhu, Haiting Fan, Shuhua Pang, Lixin Zhu, Jianye Yuan
Summary: The knockout of the SERT gene may lead to changes in the serotonin system, causing VH and accelerated gastrointestinal motility in female rats, which can be used as an animal model of IBS.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ewa Dudzinska, Andreas M. Grabrucker, Pawel Kwiatkowski, Robert Sitarz, Monika Sienkiewicz
Summary: Visceral stimuli from the digestive tract are transmitted to the brain via nerves, causing overreaction in the brain of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. Stress and dysbiosis can lead to inflammation and gastrointestinal hypersensitivity. Treating IBS involves reducing visceral hypersensitivity and regulating the intestinal microbiota.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zhong Chen, Yuan Liu, Xianhe Wu, Wei Lin, Zihan Liu, Yang Huang, Yu Chen, Ying Tang, Aiqin Chen, Chun Lin
Summary: The dysregulation of circRNAs is functionally associated with chronic pain, and this study found that circKcnk9 expression is increased in IBS-like rats. The study also revealed that circKcnk9 regulates c-Fos expression and visceral hypersensitivity through binding with miR-124-3p. This study provides a potential therapeutic target for IBS through targeting circKcnk9.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Karolina S. Jabbar, Brendan Dolan, Lisbeth Eklund, Catharina Wising, Anna Ermund, Asa Johansson, Hans Tornblom, Magnus Simren, Gunnar C. Hansson
Summary: The study found potentially pathogenic Brachyspira species in a subset of patients with IBS, with a significantly higher prevalence of Brachyspira colonization in IBS patients compared to healthy volunteers, especially in IBS-D patients. Brachyspira colonization was associated with accelerated oro-anal transit, mild mucosal inflammation, mast cell activation, and alterations of molecular pathways linked to bacterial uptake and ion-fluid homeostasis.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Iam van Thiel, W. J. de Jonge, R. M. van den Wijngaard
Summary: Although the gut microbiota consists of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, most studies on the microbiota-gut-brain axis in IBS have primarily focused on bacteria due to their higher presence. However, recent research on the intestinal mycobiome in inflammatory bowel disease suggests that the low numbers of fungi and viruses may still have relevance. This review discusses the current IBS mycobiome data and how these findings could relate to previous observations in IBS, as well as identifies questions for future research.