Beer Drinking Associates with Lower Burden of Amyloid Beta Aggregation in the Brain: Helsinki Sudden Death Series

BackgroundControversy surrounds the effect of alcohol consumption on the development of dementia and cognitive impairment. We investigated the association between consumption of different alcoholic beverages and -amyloid (A) aggregation in the brain, 1 of the neuropathological lesions of Alzheimer's disease. MethodsIn total, 125 males of the Helsinki Sudden Death autopsy Series were included with an age range at death 35 to 70years. The consumption of alcohol, A aggregation in the brain, and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype were assessed. Relatives answered a questionnaire to gather alcohol consumption history, and A was visualized by implementing immunohistochemical staining of brain sections. A immunoreactivity (IR) was assessed in a dichotomized (yes/no) fashion and as a stained area fraction (%). APOE genotype was assessed in DNA extracted from paraffin-embedded cardiac muscle samples. ResultsIncreased age (p=0.001; odds ratio [OR]=1.09, confidence interval [CI]=1.04 to 1.15) was associated with higher prevalence of A-IR. Beer drinking decreased (p=0.024; OR=0.35, CI=0.14 to 0.87) the prevalence of A-IR and was associated with a significantly lower extent of A-IR (p=0.022). The amount of alcohol consumed was not linked with A aggregation and neither was spirit nor wine consumption. ConclusionsBeer consumption may protect against A aggregation in brain. Further studies are necessary to fully understand the effects of alcohol on A pathology seen in brain tissue.