Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Haosu Tang, Jun Wang, Kaiming Hu, Gang Huang, Jasti S. Chowdary, Ya Wang, Ziyue Wang, Bin Tang
Summary: This study finds that the extreme persistent rainfall in Northeast Indian subcontinent in 2020 was primarily influenced by the anomalous anticyclone and La Nina-induced Walker circulation. Climate models project a prominent increasing trend of such extreme events under future greenhouse-induced warming.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Michiya Hayashi, Hideo Shiogama, Seita Emori, Tomoo Ogura, Nagio Hirota
Summary: In August 2020, the northwestern Pacific experienced historically high sea surface temperature, potentially intensifying tropical cyclones and causing severe damage. Analysis shows that human activities have increased the occurrence likelihood of such unprecedented warm temperatures, and future projections indicate that the 2020 warm SST may become the new normal by 2031-2050.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Shaohua Zhao, Min Liu, Minghui Tao, Wei Zhou, Xiaoyan Lu, Yujiu Xiong, Feng Li, Qiao Wang
Summary: Climate change has significant negative effects on human society and presents severe challenges to global sustainable development. Satellite remote sensing technology plays a crucial role in observing and quantifying essential climate variables, providing valuable information for assessing the impacts of climate change.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wenjian Hua, Aiguo Dai, Haishan Chen
Summary: Recent summer SAT variations in Central East Asia have been influenced by greenhouse gas and aerosol forcing, with the majority of the effects coming from aerosols outside Asia. Unlike Europe, where direct and indirect aerosol effects drive the long-term trends and variations, in Central East Asia, atmospheric circulation response to aerosols from outside Asia plays an important role.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenbin Liu, Fubao Sun, Yao Feng, Chao Li, Jie Chen, Yan-Fang Sang, Qiang Zhang
Summary: This study quantified the changes in future CDHEs and their population exposures under different warming targets, showing that the severity of CDHEs would increase globally and in most regions under 1.5 degrees C, 2 degrees C, and 3 degrees C warming. Stabilizing the warming at 1.5 degrees C would constrain the adverse influence of CDHEs on the population, with significant population impacts at 2 degrees C and 3 degrees C compared to 1.5 degrees C. These findings provide scientific evidence of the benefit of limiting anthropogenic warming to 1.5 degrees C in terms of the socio-economic risks related to CDHEs.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Young-Hee Ryu, Seung-Ki Min
Summary: Low-latitude East Asia, especially southern China, has experienced a significant decrease in spring rainfall, while rainfall trends in mid-latitude East Asia are weaker. This study quantifies the roles of greenhouse warming and aerosols in these rainfall trends. It finds that greenhouse warming and aerosols synergistically reduce rainfall in low-latitude East Asia, with a larger contribution from greenhouse warming (about 34%) compared to aerosols (about 17%). In mid-latitude East Asia, their contributions offset each other, resulting in weak rainfall trends.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
So-Hee Kim, Vladimir N. Kryjov, Joong-Bae Ahn
Summary: The 2019/20 winter was exceptionally warm globally and in the Northern Hemisphere, particularly in East Asia, due to the extreme positive Arctic Oscillation (AO) event and global warming. The AO played a significant role in causing temperature extremes in northern and eastern East Asia, while the contribution was negligible in southern East Asia. The findings suggest that the observed anomalies were a combined effect of the extreme positive AO event and global warming.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
P. Glantz, O. G. Fawole, J. Strom, M. Wild, K. J. Noone
Summary: According to the research data, aerosol optical thickness (AOT) has significantly decreased in Europe during the summer, leading to increased surface solar radiation and temperature in Central and Eastern Europe. Additionally, there has been a reduction in cloud cover in Europe over the past four decades.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jia-Rui Shi, Susan E. Wijffels, Young-Oh Kwon, Shang-Ping Xie
Summary: Based on pattern recognition analysis, researchers have found that anthropogenic aerosols have a distinct influence on ocean heat content in specific regions and time periods, primarily in the lower latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere and over a 20-year or longer period.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Lun Dai, Tat Fan Cheng, Mengqian Lu
Summary: In a warming climate, East Asia will confront a distorted monsoon cycle that brings risks of flooding, drought, and unpredictable weather changes. Contrary to the common belief that the rich get richer, our study reveals a "dry-get-wetter" paradigm in East Asia. The timing of monsoon stages is shifting, with mid-summer and fall periods being extended at the expense of delayed, shortened, and weakened winter stages, particularly towards the end of the twenty-first century. The rainy spring to mid-summer stages will see an increase of 14-20 heavy precipitation days across East Asia, with the Yangtze basin facing an earlier and more intense flood season. Additionally, the Huai-Yellow basin, South Japan, and the Korean Peninsula will experience more frequent weather whiplash events, posing challenges to societal security and ecosystem resilience. Through a comprehensive decomposition of the moisture budget under the monsoon-stage framework, we gain insights into the factors contributing to the slower scaling of precipitation and the "dry-get-wetter" paradigm.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hyun-Young Jo, Jaehyeoung Park, Gookyoung Heo, Hyo-Jung Lee, Wonbae Jeon, Jong-Min Kim, Saewung Kim, Jung-Kwon Kim, Yiming Liu, Pengfei Liu, Bingqing Zhang, Cheol-Hee Kim
Summary: In this study, the WRF-CMAQ model was used to evaluate the impact of anthropogenic chlorine (Cl) emissions on air quality in the Korean Peninsula. The model results showed significant underestimations of Cl at aircraft measurement altitudes, but reasonable simulations of ClNO2. Sensitivity experiments indicated that the addition of Cl emissions improved the model performance for secondary nitrate (NO3-) formation.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wenjian Hua, Minhua Qin, Aiguo Dai, Liming Zhou, Haishan Chen, Wanxin Zhang
Summary: The recent summer surface air temperature changes over densely populated Eurasia show a non-uniform pattern, with amplified warming over Europe and East Asia but weak warming over Central Asia, forming a wave train-like structure. External forcing may play a significant role in the SAT multidecadal variations over Europe-west Asia and EA, while internal variations in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans primarily influence the recent SAT over CA. Forced SAT multidecadal variations over Eurasia are mainly attributed to changes in greenhouse gases and aerosols according to large ensemble model simulations.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jia Wang, Suxin Meng, Weihong Zhu, Zhen Xu
Summary: This study analyzed the temporal and spatial changes of phenology and its responses to climatic factors in five vegetation types in northeast Asia. The results showed that the start of the growing season advanced during the intermittent warming period, and pre-season temperature was found to be a significant factor affecting vegetation phenology.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Soi Ahn, Sung-Rae Chung, Hyun-Jong Oh, Chu-Yong Chung
Summary: This study aimed to generate a near real-time composite of aerosol optical depth (AOD) for Northeast Asia by merging data from four different satellite sensors. The results showed that the composite AOD values were closely correlated with those from low earth orbit satellite products like MODIS and VIIRS, indicating the successful merging of multi-sensor retrievals for long-term satellite-based climate data records.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yiman Gao, Bingliang Zhuang, Tijian Wang, Huimin Chen, Shu Li, Wen Wei, Huijuan Lin, Mengmeng Li
Summary: This study investigates the climatic and environmental effect of anthropogenic aerosols in East Asia in the winter using numerical simulations. Different mixing states of aerosols have varying optical and radiative properties, resulting in different aerosol loading and air temperature anomalies. The absorption of black carbon aerosol increases lower air temperatures and weakens the East Asian Winter Monsoon circulation. This research highlights the importance of aerosol mixing states in regional air pollution and climate change assessments.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Buwen Dong, Rowan T. Sutton, Len Shaffrey, Ben Harvey
Summary: This study demonstrates a significant weakening trend in the Eurasian subtropical westerly jet (ESWJ) during the summer season in the Northern Hemisphere over the past four decades, with significant impacts on extreme weather. Climate model simulations suggest that anthropogenic aerosols were likely the primary driver of the weakening ESWJ.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Anqi Wang, Xiaoning Xie, Xiaodong Liu, Zhi-Yong Yin
Summary: The direct radiative effect (DRE) of dust aerosols on the West African and East Asian monsoons was analyzed using the CAM4 model. The results showed that the DREs on the West African and East Asian monsoons were more significant when the ocean-atmosphere coupling was considered, leading to the strengthening of the West African monsoon and weakening of the East Asian monsoon.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anqi Wang, Xiaoning Xie, Xiaodong Liu, Zhengguo Shi
Summary: The direct radiative effect of west Asian dust aerosols has both fast and slow responses on the Indian summer monsoon. The fast response enhances monsoon in the early season, while the slow response weakens it in the late season. The ocean feedback plays an important role in modulating the cross-seasonal climate effect of dust aerosols.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jingyan Xue, Xiaoning Xie, Xiaodong Liu
Summary: CO2 and BC, as the main contributors to global warming, play significant roles in the global/regional hydrological cycle. Previous studies mainly focused on their effects in the tropics and monsoon regions, while the influences and differences of CO2 and BC on precipitation in the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes (NHML) have been neglected. Our study reveals distinct trends and seasonal differences in NHML precipitation changes induced by BC and CO2 using multi-model simulation results from the PDRMIP. The increased BC reduces NHML precipitation, especially in summer, while the doubled CO2 enhances regional precipitation, mainly in winter.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Heng Liu, Xiaodong Liu, Changhai Liu, Yuxing Yun
Summary: This study found that global climate models and traditional regional models tend to produce inaccurate results when simulating precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau due to low spatial resolution, deficient convective parameterization, and uncertainties in physical assumptions. In contrast, the 4-km model performs better in simulating precipitation and shows good agreement with observations, while the 10-km model exhibits significant biases.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Kirsten L. Findell, Rowan Sutton, Nico Caltabiano, Anca Brookshaw, Patrick Heimbach, Masahide Kimoto, Scott Osprey, Doug Smith, James S. Risbey, Zhuo Wang, Lijing Cheng, Leandro B. Diaz, Markus G. Donat, Michael Ek, June-Yi Lee, Shoshiro Minobe, Matilde Rusticucci, Frederic Vitart, Lin Wang
Summary: The World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) aims to use climate science to ensure a resilient and sustainable future. To achieve this, WCRP has created Lighthouse Activities to address pressing climate science challenges. The Lighthouse Activity on Explaining and Predicting Earth System Change aims to develop capabilities for understanding and predicting changes in the Earth system and providing early warnings. This article provides an overview of the scientific challenges, research, and activities needed to achieve this goal.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Buwen Dong, Rowan T. Sutton, Laura J. Wilcox
Summary: Satellite-derived products and reanalyses show a consistent increase in surface solar radiation and a decrease in cloud cover over North America and Europe. Through experiments with an atmospheric general circulation model, it is found that the observed trends are mainly driven by changes in anthropogenic aerosol emissions, sea surface temperature/sea ice extent, and greenhouse gas concentrations. Specifically, the reduction in aerosol emissions has a dominant role in Europe, while SST/SIE play a more important role in North America.
Article
Geography, Physical
Hui Sun, Xiaodong Liu
Summary: The study reveals that the asynchronous uplift of the Pamirs and the northern Tibetan Plateau has significant impacts on the aridification processes of the Taklimakan and Thar deserts. These uplifts lead to decreased precipitation and increased dust loading, intensifying the aridification in these regions.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaodong Liu, Xiaoxun Xie, Zhengtang Guo, Zhi-Yong Yin, Guangshan Chen
Summary: This study investigates the orbital-scale precipitation isotope variations in arid Central Asia, monsoonal South Asia, and East Asia. The results show significant but asynchronous 23-kyr precession cycles in the delta O-18(p) variations in all three regions. The dominant mechanisms and physical processes involved in these variations differ among the regions.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Liu Yang, Zhengguo Shi, Xiaoning Xie, Xinzhou Li, Xiaodong Liu, Zhisheng An
Summary: The study found that the snow-darkening forcing of dust affects temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric circulation over East Asia, leading to temperature increases, anomalous cooling, and changes in wind direction and precipitation.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Shaoyu Zhang, Yimin Liu, Buwen Dong, Chen Sheng
Summary: This study identifies the relationship between tropical southern Atlantic sea surface temperature anomaly and the El Nino-Southern Oscillation, and focuses on how the Pacific Decadal Oscillation modulates this relationship. The results show a significant but non-stationary interannual relationship, which undergoes a significant decadal shift. The study also proposes two processes to explain this decadal shift.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Xiaoxun Xie, Xiaodong Liu
Summary: Water vapor is the material basis of precipitation and understanding its sources is crucial for comprehending regional precipitation changes. This study used a climate model to explore the contributions of terrestrial and oceanic moisture sources to precipitation changes in the northern East Asian monsoon region. The results showed that land and Pacific Ocean were the primary sources, with land contributing 57.6% and Pacific Ocean contributing 20.9%. The orbital-scale changes in precipitation were dominated by a significant 23-kyr cycle and a weak 100-kyr cycle, which were influenced by variations in Northern Hemisphere summer insolation and global ice volume.
GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Rouke Li, Xiaodong Liu, Ying Xu, Buwen Dong
Summary: In the summer of 2020, China's monsoon region experienced historically heavy precipitation, leading to devastating floods and losses. This study found that human activities have both decreased and increased the probability of extreme precipitation events in different regions. Anthropogenic aerosols have decreased the likelihood of month-scale extreme precipitation events, while greenhouse gases have increased the likelihood of daily extreme precipitation events. The model projections indicate that extreme precipitation events will become more frequent in the future, with shorter recurrence periods.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Mingming Zhang, Buwen Dong, Reinhard Schiemann, Jon Robson
Summary: Based on the multi-model ensemble mean of CMIP6 simulations, this study assesses the future changes in frequency, intensity and duration of Compound heatwaves in summer over China. The results show that as global warming levels increase, heatwaves in China become more frequent, hotter, and longer. These changes are primarily dependent on global warming levels, but are not very sensitive to the scenarios.