Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Dilip Thomas, Suji Choi, Christina Alamana, Kevin Kit Parker, Joseph C. Wu
Summary: An ensemble of in vitro cardiac tissue models has been developed to aid in the understanding of complex cardiovascular disorders using stem cell differentiation approaches. These models allow for customization and the study of diseased states, with recent progress in the development of various cardiovascular models. However, there are limitations and challenges with current cardiac models that need to be addressed.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ying Chen, Ying Wang, Sheng-Chang Luo, Xiang Zheng, Ranjith Kumar Kankala, Shi-Bin Wang, Ai-Zheng Chen
Summary: Body articulation units, also known as body joints, are important for body flexibility in the musculoskeletal system. However, they are prone to various pathological conditions such as arthritis. Existing treatment modalities based on anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs have limitations in terms of cost and recovery. Engineering strategies, such as fabricating body articulation unit models for tissue regeneration and drug development, have emerged as promising solutions. Challenges and difficulties still exist in the clinical application of these models.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Kyeong Seob Hwang, Eun U. Seo, Nakwon Choi, Jongbaeg Kim, Hong Nam Kim
Summary: Viral infections cause damage to various organ systems. Current research mainly focuses on 2D cell culture models and animal models, which have limitations in recapitulating human-specific viral infection pathology. Three-dimensional engineered tissue models have shown potential in replicating infection-associated pathologies.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Marcus Ground, Steve Waqanivavalagi, Robert Walker, Paget Milsom, Jillian Cornish
Summary: Tissue engineered heart valves offer a potential alternative to traditional valve prostheses, but predicting their in vivo performance is challenging. Understanding the short and long term immune reactions is crucial for bringing these prostheses to market, and researchers need to utilize a variety of models to fully elucidate the host's impact on the graft.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Reihaneh Alsadat Mahmoudian, Moein Farshchian, Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan
Summary: Esophageal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and understanding the mechanisms of its development is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Genetically engineered mouse models provide valuable insights into cancer pathogenesis and treatment strategies, despite the differences between mice and humans. By addressing challenges in modeling and utilizing advanced technologies, researchers can maximize the value of studying esophageal cancer in GEMMs.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Hidenori Tani, Shugo Tohyama
Summary: The emergence of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and efficient differentiation of hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) have the potential to replicate the features of the human heart. Although the immaturity of hiPSC-CMs poses a challenge, various strategies have been effective in promoting maturation. Three-dimensional cardiac models and disease models using patient-specific hiPSC-CMs have enhanced our understanding of cardiac diseases and therapies. Besides disease mechanisms and drug responses, hiPSC-CMs can also be used for drug evaluation and predicting drug risk. This review discusses the current strategies and future applications of hiPSC-CMs for disease modeling, drug development, clinical trials, and cardiotoxicity tests.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Adam L. Bailey, Oleksandr Dmytrenko, Lina Greenberg, Andrea L. Bredemeyer, Pan Ma, Jing Liu, Vinay Penna, Emma S. Winkler, Sanja Sviben, Erin Brooks, Ajith P. Nair, Kent A. Heck, Aniket S. Rali, Leo Simpson, Mehrdad Saririan, Dan Hobohm, W. Tom Stump, James A. Fitzpatrick, Xuping Xie, Xianwen Zhang, Pei-Yong Shi, J. Travis Hinson, Weng-Tein Gi, Constanze Schmidt, Florian Leuschner, Chieh-Yu Lin, Michael S. Diamond, Michael J. Greenberg, Kory J. Lavine
Summary: The study provides evidence that cardiomyocytes are infected in patients with COVID-19 myocarditis, leading to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection that results in various detrimental effects, including contractile deficits and cell death.
JACC-BASIC TO TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiang Lin, Lingyu Sun, Minhui Lu, Yuanjin Zhao
Summary: This review presents the strategies for constructing biomimetic gland models in vitro, with a focus on the role of microfluidics in promoting the development of structure and function. It provides an overview of common in vitro models of endocrine and exocrine glands, as well as the applications of gland models in disease modeling, drug screening, regenerative medicine, and personalized medicine. Finally, the review concludes with the current challenges and perspectives of these biomimetic gland models.
Review
Physiology
Alastair Khodabukus
Summary: Skeletal muscle is highly plastic and small animal models have been important in understanding adaptation and plasticity, although they do not accurately model human muscle diseases. In vitro three-dimensional tissue-engineered skeletal muscle models show potential in studying muscle function, plasticity, and disease, including patient-specific modeling of diseases like Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and volumetric muscle loss. Further development is needed for these models to become more mature, biomimetic, and widely used for studying muscle physiology, disease, and clinical applications.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Theresa S. P. Rothenbucher, Hakan Gurbuz, Marta P. Pereira, Arto Heiskanen, Jenny Emneus, Alberto Martinez-Serrano
Summary: Culturing brain organoids with a polycaprolactone scaffold for flat morphology improves diffusion conditions, prevents necrotic tissue formation, increases organoid size significantly, and allows for the observation of spontaneous gyrification.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Manuel Gomez-Florit, Claudia J. Labrador-Rached, Rui M. A. Domingues, Manuela E. Gomes
Summary: This review discusses the interaction between tenocytes and other resident cells in the tendon microenvironment, emphasizing the need for advanced in vitro models. These models should be able to mimic the hierarchical architecture, cellularity, and physiological signaling of the tendon niche, as well as recreate the integrated gradients of its tissue interfaces. By leveraging multiple bioengineering technologies, the next generation of relevant in vitro models can be developed to contribute to a deeper understanding of tendon repair mechanisms and the development of more effective treatments.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wanjiku Njoroge, Andrea C. Hernandez Hernandez, Faiza Idris Musa, Robert Butler, Alan G. S. Harper, Ying Yang
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of global mortality, driving the need for new anti-thrombotic therapies. However, the translation of drugs from animal tests to human use is currently poor. Developing humanized drug test models that better replicate the human vasculature is crucial for accelerating the development of anti-thrombotic therapies.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jaeyeaon Cho, Hyein Lee, Woongchan Rah, Hyuk Jae Chang, Young-sup Yoon
Summary: This article discusses the use of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) in drug screening and disease modeling and introduces the development of three-dimensional cardiac tissue models, including engineered heart tissues and cardiac organoids, analyzing their characteristics, applications, and limitations.
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Angus Weekes, Nicole Bartnikowski, Nigel Pinto, Jason Jenkins, Christoph Meinert, Travis J. Klein
Summary: Current clinical treatment strategies for small diameter blood vessel bypassing in cardiovascular disease management often fail due to lack of suitable grafts and various complications. The rapid advancement of 3D printing and regenerative medicine technologies has the potential to revolutionize cardiovascular disease management by enabling the production of biological vascular grafts with integration, remodeling, and repair capabilities.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Jeroen M. Stein, Christine L. Mummery, Milena Bellin
Summary: The field of studying human heart physiology using human pluripotent stem cells has expanded with advances in tissue engineering and organoids, allowing for quantitative measurement of cardiac parameters in three-dimensional configurations. Multiple cell types can be combined to mimic organized cardiac tissue interactions, providing new opportunities for disease modeling beyond channelopathies in personalized heart-on-a-chip models.
