期刊
CELLS
卷 8, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cells8010054
关键词
telomere; ageing; lifespan; senescence; replicative ageing; chronological ageing; yeast
类别
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31501110, 81530039]
- Start-up Research Program of Hangzhou Normal University [2018QDL010]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2014M551470]
- Postdoctoral Research Program of Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences [2014KIP305]
Telomeres with G-rich repetitive DNA and particular proteins as special heterochromatin structures at the termini of eukaryotic chromosomes are tightly maintained to safeguard genetic integrity and functionality. Telomerase as a specialized reverse transcriptase uses its intrinsic RNA template to lengthen telomeric G-rich strand in yeast and human cells. Cells sense telomere length shortening and respond with cell cycle arrest at a certain size of telomeres referring to the Hayflick limit. In addition to regulating the cell replicative senescence, telomere biology plays a fundamental role in regulating the chronological post-mitotic cell ageing. In this review, we summarize the current understandings of telomere regulation of cell replicative and chronological ageing in the pioneer model system Saccharomyces cerevisiae and provide an overview on telomere regulation of animal lifespans. We focus on the mechanisms of survivals by telomere elongation, DNA damage response and environmental factors in the absence of telomerase maintenance of telomeres in the yeast and mammals.
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