Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Efstratios Karagiannidis, Dimitrios Moysidis, Andreas S. Papazoglou, Eleftherios Panteris, Olga Deda, Nikolaos Stalikas, Georgios Sofidis, Anastasios Kartas, Alexandra Bekiaridou, George Giannakoulas, Helen Gika, George Theodoridis, Georgios Sianos
Summary: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are interrelated clinical entities. There is a need for novel biomarkers and metabolomics-based prediction models to predict clinical outcomes and assess CAD complexity in the comorbid population of DM and CAD.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Dawn L. Demeo
Summary: Considering sex and gender differences is crucial in achieving precision pulmonary medicine, especially in developing reliable COPD biomarkers. Attention to these differences may lead to progress in biomarker development and clinical innovation to improve lung health for both men and women.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Haozhang Huang, Wenguang Lai, Qiang Li, Haiyan Wei, Nuerbahaer Remutula, Tilakezi Tuersun, Zhou Yang, Kunming Bao, Zelin Yan, Bo Wang, Yibo He, Shiqun Chen, Chun-Quan Ou, Heyin Yang, Jiyan Chen, Jin Liu, Yong Liu
Summary: The sex difference trend in short-term mortality among coronary artery disease (CAD) patients in China is narrowing, but the difference in long-term mortality still exists, with men having a higher risk of death than women.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Nili Schamroth Pravda, Orith Karny-Rahkovich, Arthur Shiyovich, Miri Schamroth Pravda, Naomi Rapeport, Hana Vaknin-Assa, Alon Eisen, Ran Kornowski, Avital Porter
Summary: Coronary artery disease (CAD) presents differently in women compared to men, with unique pathophysiology, risk factors, and clinical manifestations. Recognizing these sex differences is crucial for effectively preventing and treating CAD in women.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Tianwen He, Muheremu Muhetaer, Jiahe Wu, Jingjing Wan, Yushuang Hu, Tong Zhang, Yunxiang Wang, Qiongxin Wang, Huanhuan Cai, Zhibing Lu
Summary: CHFR, CEL, and CCDC28A were identified as potential biomarkers related to immune infiltration in coronary artery disease (CAD). This finding contributes to the potential targets for early noninvasive diagnosis and immunotherapy of CAD.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wonjae Lee, Yeonyee E. Yoon, Sang-Young Cho, In-Chang Hwang, Sun-Hwa Kim, Heesun Lee, Hyo Eun Park, Eun Ju Chun, Hyung-Kwan Kim, Su-Yeon Choi, Sung Hak Park, Hae-Won Han, Jidong Sung, Hae Ok Jung, Goo-Yeong Cho, Hyuk-Jae Chang
Summary: The progression of coronary artery calcium (CAC) is higher in men compared to women, but the difference between sexes diminishes as the 10-year ASCVD risk increases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masayuki Aoyama, Yoshimi Kishimoto, Emi Saita, Reiko Ohmori, Kojiro Tanimoto, Masato Nakamura, Kazuo Kondo, Yukihiko Momiyama
Summary: This study found that plasma fortilin levels are elevated in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), especially in those with severe disease involving multiple stenotic vessels. Fortilin levels were also found to be associated with the severity of CAD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
William W. Qu, Jane W. Wei, Jose N. Binongo, William B. Keeling
Summary: This study investigated whether women who underwent CABG had higher rates of failure-to-rescue (FTR) compared to men. The results showed that despite experiencing higher rates of complications and mortality, women had statistically similar frequencies of FTR compared to men. Efforts to narrow the sex outcome gap after CABG should focus on preoperative and intraoperative phases of care instead of postoperative management.
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Harmony R. Reynolds, C. Noel Bairey Merz, Colin Berry, Rohit Samuel, Jacqueline Saw, Nathaniel R. Smilowitz, Ana Carolina do A. H. de Souza, Robert Sykes, Viviany R. Taqueti, Janet Wei
Summary: Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of mortality in women and requires gender-specific risk stratification for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Recent research has improved understanding of cardiovascular disease in women, including mechanisms of ischemia with no obstructive coronary arteries and myocardial infarction with no obstructive coronary arteries. Despite progress, sex differences in ischemic heart disease outcomes persist.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryosuke Saigusa, Jenifer Vallejo, Rishab Gulati, Sujit Silas Armstrong Suthahar, Vasantika Suryawanshi, Ahmad Alimadadi, Jeffrey Makings, Christopher P. Durant, Antoine Freuchet, Payel Roy, Yanal Ghosheh, William Pandori, Tanyaporn Pattarabanjird, Fabrizio Drago, Angela Taylor, Coleen A. McNamara, Avishai Shemesh, Lewis L. Lanier, Catherine C. Hedrick, Klaus Ley
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between CD4+ T cells and coronary artery disease (CAD) in relation to sex and diabetes mellitus (DM). The researchers used single-cell RNA sequencing and antibody sequencing techniques to analyze CD4+ T cells and found significant differences in cell proportions and gene expression between men and women, as well as between subjects with and without DM. The study concluded that CAD and DM have distinct effects on CD4+ T cells and that there are significant differences between genders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Noura N. Ballasy, Anshul S. Jadli, Pariya Edalat, Sean Kang, Ali Fatehi Hassanabad, Karina P. Gomes, Paul W. M. Fedak, Vaibhav B. Patel
Summary: The study found that epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) treated with high glucose, high palmitate, and lipopolysaccharide released a large amount of proinflammatory cytokines, which may lead to EAT inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes, causing coronary artery endothelial cell dysfunction.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luis Perpetuo, Antonio S. Barros, Jessica Dalsuco, Rita Nogueira-Ferreira, Pedro Resende-Goncalves, Ines Falcao-Pires, Rita Ferreira, Adelino Leite-Moreira, Fabio Trindade, Rui Vitorino
Summary: Coronary artery disease (CAD) and aortic valve stenosis (AVS) are common heart diseases with shared risk factors and pathogenesis. Urine, as a noninvasive collection method, is promising for biomarker assessment. This study identified dysregulated proteins in urine that could potentially differentiate these diseases from healthy subjects, and showed strong correlations between these proteins and a common cardiovascular risk factor.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard, Mahdi Gholipour, Mohammad Taheri
Summary: miRNAs play a crucial role in the pathophysiological process of CAD, with up-regulated and down-regulated miRNAs associated with the development of CAD, which can be utilized for diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of CAD.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michael C. Honigberg, Seyedeh M. Zekavat, Abhishek Niroula, Gabriel K. Griffin, Alexander G. Bick, James P. Pirruccello, Tetsushi Nakao, Eric A. Whitsel, Leslie V. Farland, Cecelia Laurie, Charles Kooperberg, JoAnn E. Manson, Stacey Gabriel, Peter Libby, Alexander P. Reiner, Benjamin L. Ebert, Pradeep Natarajan
Summary: This study found that premature menopause, especially natural premature menopause, is independently associated with CHIP in postmenopausal women, serving as a risk signal for the development of CHIP and CHIP-related cardiovascular disease.
Article
Immunology
Shahad Iqneibi, Ryosuke Saigusa, Amir Khan, Mohammad Oliaeimotlagh, Sujit Silas Armstrong Suthahar, Sunil Kumar, Ahmad Alimadadi, Christopher P. Durant, Yanal Ghosheh, Coleen A. Mcnamara, Catherine C. Hedrick, Klaus Ley
Summary: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. The role of CD8+ T cells in CAD has not been well understood. Recent studies suggest that there is a breakdown of tolerance in atherosclerosis, leading to the activation of T cell receptors. This study found significant enrichment of T cell receptor signaling pathways in CD8+ T cells from CAD patients, indicating recent T cell receptor activation. There was also significant enrichment of cytotoxic and exhaustion pathways in CAD cases compared to controls.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mariann Gyongyosi, Pilar Alcaide, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Bianca J. J. M. Brundel, Giovanni G. Camici, Paula da Costa Martins, Peter Ferdinandy, Marianna Fontana, Henrique Girao, Massimiliano Gnecchi, Can Gollmann-Tepekoylu, Petra Kleinbongard, Thomas Krieg, Rosalinda Madonna, Melanie Paillard, Antonis Pantazis, Cinzia Perrino, Maurizio Pesce, Gabriele G. Schiattarella, Joost P. G. Sluijter, Sabine Steffens, Carsten Tschope, Sophie Van Linthout, Sean M. Davidson
Summary: Long COVID is a global non-communicable epidemic characterized by long-lasting multiorgan symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection has subsided. This scientific document aims to provide insight into the cardiovascular manifestations of long COVID and the possible causes and therapeutic options available. Imaging has shown evidence of chronic perimyocarditis, arterial wall inflammation, and microthrombosis in certain patient populations. Understanding the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms is crucial for the development of effective treatment strategies. However, current biomarkers are not highly predictive for the presence or outcome of long COVID.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chiara Siracusa, Jolanda Sabatino, Isabella Leo, Ceren Eyileten, Marek Postula, Salvatore De Rosa
Summary: Lack of timely intervention strategies for acute ischemic stroke due to limited understanding of underlying mechanisms. Circular RNAs involved in pathophysiological processes of ischemic stroke, providing potential therapeutic targets and clinical biomarkers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rossella Daidone, Antonella Carollo, Maria Patrizia Perricone, Renato Messina, Carmela Rita Balistreri
Summary: Thalassemia is a Mendelian inherited blood disease caused by gene mutations, and it is a major health problem in Mediterranean populations. This study investigated the distribution of gene defects in the Trapani province population and found high frequencies of certain mutations in the alpha and beta globin genes. The findings highlight the importance of carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis, as well as the need for public awareness campaigns and screening programs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Claudia Vinciguerra, Salvatore Iacono, Liliana Bevilacqua, Annamaria Landolfi, Giuseppe Piscosquito, Federica Ginanneschi, Giuseppe Schiro, Vincenzo Di Stefano, Filippo Brighina, Paolo Barone, Carmela Rita Balistreri
Summary: The prevalence, onset, pathophysiology, and clinical course of neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) can differ significantly between males and females. Genetic inheritance plays a familiar role in sex differences in NMDs, but hormonal and genetic factors can also influence the clinical presentation and severity of acquired forms. This review summarizes the sex-related differences in both acquired and inherited NMDs, highlighting the distinctive biological roles of these factors.
MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Serena Barachini, Sandra Ghelardoni, Rosalinda Madonna
Summary: Vascular progenitor cells are activated to repair and form a neointima following various vascular damages. They not only play a role in resolving vascular lesions, but also contribute to neovascularization and angiogenesis associated with cancer. This review discusses the biology and pathophysiology of vascular progenitor cells, including their origins, stimuli, and activated pathways. It focuses on their involvement in tumor-induced vascular injury and their implications in promoting tumor angiogenesis during cancer proliferation and migration.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Nadia Salerno, Giuseppe Panuccio, Jolanda Sabatino, Isabella Leo, Michele Torella, Sabato Sorrentino, Salvatore De Rosa, Daniele Torella
Summary: Tricuspid valve (TV) disease is highly prevalent and has received significant attention in recent years. Comprehensive knowledge of molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying TV development and disease is necessary for better understanding and treatment of tricuspid regurgitation patients. Scientific efforts are still needed to fully understand the etiopathogenesis of TV and TV-associated cardiomyopathy, and future advances may come from combining diagnostic imaging with molecular and cellular studies. Basic science research could provide the basis for innovative valve repair and regeneration using tissue-engineered heart valves.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Donato Santovito, Sabine Steffens, Serena Barachini, Rosalinda Madonna
Summary: Autophagy is a cellular mechanism that helps cells adapt to metabolic and environmental stress. It plays a crucial role in clearing protein aggregates and dysfunctional organelles, and recent studies have shown its broader role in various pathophysiological conditions. Basal autophagy is essential for maintaining cardiac homeostasis and protecting against age-related cell damage and genomic instability. Additionally, autophagy is stimulated in response to cardiac injuries such as ischemia, pressure overload, and metabolic stress. It also affects the function of neutrophils and other immune cells.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Chiara Siracusa, Niccolo Vono, Maria Benedetta Morano, Jolanda Sabatino, Isabella Leo, Ceren Eyileten, Eleonora Cianflone, Marek Postula, Daniele Torella, Salvatore De Rosa
Summary: Despite improvements in diagnosis and treatment, ischemic stroke remains a challenge with significant morbidity and mortality. The identification of high-risk individuals, timely diagnosis, recognition of different clinical forms, treatment response assessment, and prognostic evaluation are unmet clinical needs. This article provides an overview of circular RNAs as potential biomarkers in stroke, aiming to gather comprehensive information on this promising class of molecules.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nadia Salerno, Mariangela Scalise, Fabiola Marino, Andrea Filardo, Antonio Chiefalo, Giuseppe Panuccio, Michele Torella, Antonella De Angelis, Salvatore De Rosa, Georgina M. Ellison-Hughes, Konrad Urbanek, Giuseppe Viglietto, Daniele Torella, Eleonora Cianflone
Summary: A mouse model of non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) was established by administering isoproterenol (ISO) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to mice. This model is valuable for studying DCM due to its characteristic pathological and functional changes.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Roberto Monastero, Daniele Magro, Marika Venezia, Calogera Pisano, Carmela Rita Balistreri
Summary: Elabela (ELA), also known as Apela or Toddler peptide, is a hormone peptide belonging to the adipokine group. It has similar effects to APELIN and plays a critical role in embryonic development and adulthood. It is also associated with age-related diseases. However, little is known about the mechanisms and functions of ELA in these diseases. This article discusses the complex network of pathways in which ELA/APJ signaling acts to maintain physiological functions and contribute to the onset of age-related diseases, suggesting the potential use of ELA/APJ pathway as a biomarker and therapeutic target for personalized treatments of these diseases.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Pierre Sabouret, Fiona Ecarnot, Salvatore De Rosa, Kausik K. Ray
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Margarita Brida, Salvatore De Rosa, Antoine Legendre, Magalie Ladouceur, Laura Dos Subira, Giancarlo Scognamiglio, Carlo Di Mario, Jolien Roos-Hesselink, Eva Goossens, Gerhard Diller, Michael A. Gatzoulis
Summary: The rates of successful surgical repair and life expectancy for patients with congenital heart disease have significantly increased in recent decades. However, exposure to cardiovascular risk factors has led to a shift in the clinical trajectory of adult congenital heart disease, with an increasing burden of acquired cardiovascular disease, primarily atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Currently, comprehensive guidance for the prevention and management of acquired heart disease in adult congenital heart disease patients is lacking. This document provides an overview of acquired heart disease and offers guidance on ASCVD prevention for both specialists and non-specialists in adult congenital heart disease, aiming to reduce the cardiovascular burden in this growing population.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Giuseppe Panuccio, Youssef S. Abdelwahed, Nicole Carabetta, Nadia Salerno, David Manuel Leistner, Ulf Landmesser, Salvatore De Rosa, Daniele Torella, Gerald S. Werner
Summary: Chronic total occlusions (CTO) in coronary angiographies present a significant challenge. This meta-analysis aimed to compare IVUS-guided and angiography-guided approaches in CTO-PCI. The study included five studies and 2320 patients with stable CAD and CTO. The results showed that routine use of IVUS did not significantly improve clinical outcomes in CTO-PCI, except for reducing stent thrombosis. Decisions in CTO-PCI should be individualized based on patient characteristics and supported by a multi-parametric approach.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Giuseppe Schiro, Salvatore Iacono, Carmela Rita Balistreri
Summary: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune neuromuscular disease characterized by fluctuating skeletal muscle weakness. Recent research suggests that perturbations in the human microbiota may contribute to the pathogenesis and clinical course of MG. Certain products derived from commensal flora have been found to have anti-inflammatory effects, while others have pro-inflammatory properties. Patients with MG have been found to have distinct oral and gut microbiota compositions compared to age-matched controls, with increased levels of Streptococcus and Bacteroides and reduced levels of Clostridia and short-chain fatty acids. Restoring gut microbiota perturbations through probiotic administration has shown to improve symptoms in MG cases. This article summarizes and reviews the current evidence on the role of oral and gut microbiota in MG pathogenesis and clinical course.
NEUROLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Serena Barachini, Sandra Ghelardoni, Zoltan V. Varga, Radwa A. Mehanna, Maria Magdalena Montt-Guevara, Peter Ferdinandy, Rosalinda Madonna
Summary: With the improvement in cancer prognosis, there has been an increase in survival rate among cancer survivors. However, the use of anti-neoplastic drugs has led to an increase in morbidity among these survivors due to cardiovascular complications. These complications include arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia, heart failure, arterial hypertension, thromboembolic events, and accelerated atherosclerosis. The drugs not only target cancer cells but also affect normal cells within the cardiovascular system, leading to toxicity.
VASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
