期刊
CHILDHOOD OBESITY
卷 15, 期 2, 页码 71-86出版社
MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
DOI: 10.1089/chi.2018.0044
关键词
African American; childhood obesity; Hispanic; neighborhood; social determinants of health
类别
资金
- Center for a Livable FutureLerner Fellowship
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Sommer Scholarship
- Johns Hopkins Center to Eliminate Cardiovascular Health Disparities - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [P50HL0105187]
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [K23HL121250-01A1]
- Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research [KL2 TR001077]
Background: Childhood obesity increases the risk of obesity and harmful comorbidities later in life. It is influenced by characteristics of a child's neighborhood, particularly among underserved groups. Our objective was to systematically review the evidence relating neighborhood environment and obesity risk among urban, low socioeconomic status (SES) Black and Hispanic children. Methods: We included studies published from 1993 through early 2017 from PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Sociological Abstracts databases investigating relationships between empirically measured neighborhood characteristics and obesity risk factors in the populations of interest. Databases were last searched on May 8, 2018. Initial analysis took place during 2014 and was completed during 2017. We extracted data on study population, design, and associations between neighborhood characteristics and obesity risk factors. Results: We identified 2011 unique studies; 24 were included. Few studies demonstrated consistent patterns of association. Most neighborhood characteristics were not examined across multiple studies. BMI may be related to living in a lower-income neighborhood or convenience store access. Conclusions: This review found that the body of evidence relating neighborhood exposures and obesity risk factors among urban, low SES Black (also commonly referred to in the literature as non-Hispanic Black or African American) and Hispanic children is limited. Given the high risk of obesity and cardiovascular disease among these populations throughout the life course, research on neighborhood determinants of obesity should specifically include these populations, ensuring adequate power and methodological rigor to detect differences.
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