Article
Plant Sciences
Jung-Hung Chen, I-Hsin Lin, Thomas Y. Hsueh, Jeffrey W. Dalley, Tung-Hu Tsai
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the metabolism, distribution, and transplacental transfer mechanism of codeine and its metabolites in pregnant rats, as well as to assess the risk of medication for pregnant women.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Alba Diaz-Barcena, Patricia Giraldo
Summary: Papaver somniferum and Cannabis sativa are ancient medicinal plants with multiple pharmacological properties, but their addictive potential and psychotropic effects have caused historical and social controversies. This study compares the research trends of opium poppy and cannabis as sources of these substances, revealing a higher relevance of cannabis in recent years.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Katharina Luhmer, Hanna Blum, Thorsten Kraska, Thomas Doering, Ralf Pude
Summary: Poppy seed production is vulnerable to stress and weed infestation, and intercropping with white clover and spring barley can help minimize the risk. Early seeding of poppy can limit competition when intercropped with barley, resulting in higher yields.
Article
Plant Sciences
Chatchai Ngernsaengsaruay, Nisa Leksungnoen, Pichet Chanton, Tushar Andriyas, Pratchaya Thaweekun, Surasak Rueansri, Ratthapon Tuntianupong, Woottichai Hauyluek
Summary: This paper investigates the morphology, taxonomy, anatomy, and palynology of Papaver somniferum. It provides a detailed description and illustrations of the species, as well as information about identification, distribution, cultivation, habitats, pollinators, specimens, growing periods, phenology, etymology, vernacular name, and uses. The species is characterized by glabrous and glaucous herb with unlobed or pinnately lobed leaves, variations in petal color and morphology, and white filaments occasionally with purple and broadened apical part. The stem's transverse section shows two rings of discontinuous and widely spaced vascular bundles. The epidermal cells have polygonal shape on the adaxial surface and polygonal or irregular shape on the abaxial surface. The stomata are anomocytic and located on the lower epidermis. The pollen grains are spheroidal or prolate spheroidal, sometimes oblate spheroidal, with a tricolpate aperture and microechinate sculpturing.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jin Zhu, Chuanhui Zhang, Changjiang Zhang
Summary: Traditional identification methods for Papaver somniferum and Papaver rhoeas (PSPR) are time-consuming, labor-intensive, require strict experimental conditions, and often lead to plant damage. This research introduces a new method for fast, accurate, and nondestructive identification of PSPR. By constructing a PSPR visible capsule image dataset and using a modified MobileNetV3-Small network with transfer learning, the problem of low classification accuracy and slow model convergence caused by limited PSPR samples is addressed. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the modified MobileNetV3-Small network for fast, accurate, and nondestructive PSPR classification.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Katalin Gupcso, Zoltan Kokai, Melinda Balint, Szilvia Tavaszi-Sarosi, Eva Zamborine Nemeth
Summary: Poppy is a significant pharmaceutical crop, but its seeds and cold-pressed oil have great potential as healthy foods. This study compared the sensory values, fatty acid composition, and headspace volatile composition of poppy oils and flours from different varieties. The results showed that sensory characteristics, such as odor and flavor, differed among varieties, with blue-seed varieties having a stronger typical poppy odor and flavor compared to white-seed ones. The fatty acid composition and volatile compounds also varied depending on genotype and year. The oil content of poppy flour positively influenced its color, appearance, tactility, and poppy flavor.
Article
Plant Sciences
Swati Vaish, Reshma Parveen, Rajneesh, Nootan Singh, Divya Gupta, Mahesh Kumar Basantani
Summary: The study comprehensively identified and characterized the GST gene family in the medicinally important crop Papaver somniferum, revealing its functional and structural importance. The findings have potential significance in understanding the role of GST genes in opium.
JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Katharina Luhmer, Nadine Schulze-Kaysers, Michelle Feuereisen, Lukas Wirth, Fabian Maretzky, Matthias Wuest, Hanna Blum, Elisa Doerr, Ralf Pude
Summary: The study investigated the chemical composition and sensory properties of low morphine yielding winter and summer poppy varieties, analyzing their fatty acids, tocopherols, volatile compounds, and sensory profiles. The oils in the seeds were found to contain high amounts of gamma-tocopherol and specific volatile compounds. The sensory panel was able to distinguish between samples based on fatty/oily, rancid, sweet, and green attributes, with the presence of certain methoxypyrazines in summer poppies contributing to a distinct green aroma.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qian Wang, Chunshan Wang, Huarui Wu, Chunjiang Zhao, Guifa Teng, Yajie Yu, Huaji Zhu
Summary: This study proposed a two-stage method for detecting illegal opium poppy cultivation sites, effectively reducing the workload for manual screening.
Article
Plant Sciences
Tun Xu, Xiaofei Yang, Yanyan Jia, Zihang Li, Guangbo Tang, Xiujuan Li, Bo Wang, Tingjie Wang, Jiadong Lin, Li Guo, Kai Ye
Summary: By applying IsoSeq on opium poppy, we enhanced gene annotation and identified tissue and development-specific alternative splicing modes using a custom-made correction tool. Through the newly discovered transcribed loci, we uncovered distinct characteristics of splicing sites between young and old genes.
Review
Plant Sciences
Laura Grauso, Bruna de Falco, Riccardo Motti, Virginia Lanzotti
Summary: Corn poppy, also known as Papaver rhoeas L., is a ubiquitous weed and edible plant with various biological properties beneficial for human health. Traditionally used to treat a range of ailments, the plant has been the subject of critical review in this paper to enhance understanding of its botanical characteristics and medicinal uses.
PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Kari Graham, Rachel Houston
Summary: The opium poppy and other related species are important in forensic science, but current identification methods have limitations. This study used chloroplast DNA barcoding markers to analyze the genetic variation of opium poppy. The trnH-psbA and petA-psbJ regions showed promise for individual identification of opium poppy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xiao-Yan Bao, Lian Zhu
Summary: This research evaluated the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Papaver somniferum on myopia, finding that it regulates the expression levels of MMP-1 and MMP-2 in sclerocytes and inflammatory cytokines in tears.
SCIENCE OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Matej Satransky, Adela Frankova, Perla Kuchtova, Katerina Pazderu, Ivana Capouchova
Summary: The oil content and fatty acid composition of 19 poppy genotypes were studied, showing that the white-seeded genotypes had higher oil content and the main fatty acids were linoleic acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid. The fatty acid composition of the seeds was mainly influenced by the crop year, with significant effects of genotype and genotype-year interaction.
PLANT SOIL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Reinhard W. Neugschwandtner, Georg Dobos, Helmut Wagentristl, Tomas Losak, Agnieszka Klimek-Kopyra, Hans-Peter Kaul
Summary: A two-year field experiment in Eastern Austria found that the optimal sowing date for winter poppy under Pannonian climate conditions in Central Europe is early October, but sowing can be performed over a wider range of dates. Winter poppy had higher seed yields compared to spring poppy, mainly due to a higher number of seeds capsule. The sowing rate for winter poppy can be much lower than the recommended sowing rate for spring poppy.
Article
Plant Sciences
Harold Suarez-Baron, Juan F. Alzate, Favio Gonzalez, Soraya Pelaz, Barbara A. Ambrose, Natalia Pabon-Mora
Summary: This study assessed the expression patterns of key genes involved in trichome development in the magnoliid Aristolochia fimbriata, revealing differences in gene expression in floral organs compared to vegetative tissues. The findings suggest a simpler genetic mechanism governing trichome development in flowers of early-divergent angiosperms. The results imply that the canonical trichome gene expression is more conserved in vegetative tissues than in floral organs across angiosperms.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Barbara A. Ambrose, Tynisha L. Smalls, Cecilia Zumajo-Cardona
Summary: The MADS-box genes form a large transcription factor family that evolved through duplication and functional diversification, with the type II classic MADS-box genes being key developmental regulators in flowering plants. Our study focused on the evolution of type II classic MADS-box genes in land plants, particularly in lycophytes, and found that they have diverse expression patterns during plant development, indicating neofunctionalization and subfunctionalization after duplication events.
EVOLUTION & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Natalia Pabon-Mora
Summary: Plants are versatile organisms, with the ability to regenerate, reproduce in different ways, and display a wide range of shapes and colors. The author selected a unique flowering image to study as a system for understanding the development of holoparasitic plants.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cecilia Zumajo-Cardona, Natalia Pabon-Mora, Barbara A. Ambrose
Summary: The study reveals that the euAP2 gene plays a crucial role in vascular plants, initially contributing to spore and sporangium development and later being recruited for ovule, fruit, and floral organ development. The protein sequences of euAP2 are highly conserved, with changes in their function during development likely attributed to alterations in regulatory regions.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Sarita Munoz-Gomez, Harold Suarez-Baron, Juan F. Alzate, Favio Gonzalez, Natalia Pabon-Mora
Summary: Flavonoids, carotenoids, betalains, and chlorophylls are plant pigments responsible for floral color, with anthocyanins largely responsible for red, purple, pink, and blue colors. The R2R3-MYB genes act as upstream regulatory factors of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, with species-specific duplications in core eudicots and local duplications in Aristolochiaceae. The expression of these genes in different developmental stages and plant organs largely overlaps with red and purple pigments, indicating their role in anthocyanin and flavonoid synthesis.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Sebastian Martinez-Salazar, Favio Gonzalez, Juan F. Alzate, Natalia Pabon-Mora
Summary: Floral spurs are key innovations in angiosperms, shifting floral symmetry from radial to bilateral. This study on Tropaeolum longifolium identified candidate genes involved in adaxial-abaxial differential growth during spur formation. Evolutionary analysis revealed specific duplications and losses of critical genes in Brassicales, shedding light on genetic mechanisms behind spur formation and floral symmetry.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Adriana M. Gallego, Luisa F. Rojas, Wilmar G. Valencia, Lucia Atehortua, Aura I. Urrea, Andrew S. Fister, Mark J. Guiltinan, Siela N. Maximova, Natalia Pabon-Mora
Summary: The study showed that under white light exposure, cacao cells grew and synthesized an increased content of PAs. Transition to blue light further increased PAs content, activating genes associated with stress response. Exposure to blue light led to a decrease in PAs content associated with ROS-mediated stress pathways.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Carolina Rodriguez-Pelayo, Barbara A. Ambrose, Alejandra Vasco, Juan F. Alzate, Natalia Pabon-Mora
Summary: LFY genes may play a role in the development of gametophytes and sporophytes in bryophytes and ferns, and have functions related to floral meristem differentiation in gymnosperms and flowering plants.
Article
Plant Sciences
Carolina Rodriguez-Pelayo, Barbara A. Ambrose, Alejandra Vasco, Juan F. Alzate, Natalia Pabon-Mora
Summary: This study provides a phylogenetic framework for PEBP genes and investigates their expression patterns in selected lycophytes and ferns. The results indicate that PEBP genes are involved in reproductive transitions and spore production in these plants, suggesting their important roles in meristem maintenance and sporangium development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Cecilia Zumajo-Cardona, Barbara A. Ambrose
Summary: This study analyzed the transcriptome of two Ephedra species with different seed morphologies, revealing differentially expressed genes involved in seed development. The results also supported the hypothesis that the extra envelopes covering the seeds of Gnetales are not genetically similar to integument. The study highlights the importance of studying less explored species like gymnosperms in understanding plant evolution.
Article
Plant Sciences
D. Blaine Marchant, Guang Chen, Shengguan Cai, Fei Chen, Peter Schafran, Jerry Jenkins, Shengqiang Shu, Chris Plott, Jenell Webber, John T. Lovell, Guifen He, Laura Sandor, Melissa Williams, Shanmugam Rajasekar, Adam Healey, Kerrie Barry, Yinwen Zhang, Emily Sessa, Rijan R. Dhakal, Paul G. Wolf, Alex Harkess, Fay-Wei Li, Clemens Roessner, Annette Becker, Lydia Gramzow, Dawei Xue, Yuhuan Wu, Tao Tong, Yuanyuan Wang, Fei Dai, Shuijin Hua, Hua Wang, Shengchun Xu, Fei Xu, Honglang Duan, Guenter Theissen, Michael R. McKain, Zheng Li, Michael T. W. McKibben, Michael S. Barker, Robert J. Schmitz, Dennis W. Stevenson, Cecilia Zumajo-Cardona, Barbara A. Ambrose, James H. Leebens-Mack, Jane Grimwood, Jeremy Schmutz, Pamela S. Soltis, Douglas E. Soltis, Zhong-Hua Chen
Summary: The genome of the model fern species Ceratopteris richardii exhibits a remarkably dynamic evolution, with rapid changes in content and structure following a whole-genome duplication around 60 million years ago. These changes include gene loss, tandem duplications, multiple horizontal gene transfers, and transposable elements insertion, providing insights into defense-related gene families and the evolution of seed plants.
Article
Developmental Biology
Jessica A. Ramirez-Ramirez, Yesenia Madrigal, Juan F. Alzate, Natalia Pabon-Mora
Summary: The study highlights the diverse roles of AGL24 and SVP in the flowering transition in angiosperms, with variations in different lineages. Independent duplication events in monocots have resulted in at least three clades of AGL24/SVP homologs, some specific to Orchidaceae. The analysis suggests higher evolutionary rates and potential pleiotropic roles of these genes in maintaining the vegetative phase and promoting flowering in different plant groups.
CELLS & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Favio Gonzalez, Vanessa Suaza-Gaviria, Natalia Pabon-Mora
Summary: Flowers in the Antidaphne genus, characterized by their small size, show distinct differences in development and morphology of staminate and carpellate inflorescences. Mechanical constraints and growth processes greatly influence the form and symmetry of these flowers.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
Natali Hernandez-Ciro, Natalia Pabon-Mora
Summary: This study provides insights into the anatomical and genetic basis of the independent origin of fleshy fruits in Cestrum and the reversion to dry dehiscent fruits in Brugmansia. Expression patterns of fruit development genes suggest potential controllers for homologous and homoplasious anatomical features in the fruits of both species. The fruit genetic regulatory network (GRN) in Cestrum and Brugmansia shows considerable differences compared to typical capsules and berries of Solanaceae.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)