Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Steffen Bloemeke, Christian Scheller, Felipe Cerdas, Christian Thies, Rolf Hachenberger, Mark Gonter, Christoph Herrmann, Thomas S. Spengler
Summary: Electric vehicles with renewable energy are crucial in reducing carbon emissions. However, current lithium-ion batteries contain environmentally harmful, scarce, and expensive materials. Recycling these batteries can mitigate the environmental impact and address resource scarcity. The automotive industry needs effective processes for battery recycling.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiong Shu, Yingfu Guo, Wenxian Yang, Kexiang Wei, Guanghui Zhu
Summary: The use of electric vehicles aims to reduce carbon emissions and environmental pollution caused by transportation. However, the production and application of electric vehicle batteries also contribute to environmental pollution. Research shows that LiFePO4 batteries are more environmentally friendly in the production phase, while Li(NiCoMn)O-2 batteries are more eco-friendly in the application and transportation phases. Despite this, LiFePO4 batteries are generally more environmentally friendly than Li(NiCoMn)O-2 batteries over their entire life cycle.
Article
Thermodynamics
Antonio Garcia, Javier Monsalve-Serrano, Santiago Martinez-Boggio, Rafael Soria Alcaide
Summary: This study presents a method to quantify the error in greenhouse gas emissions for different electric passenger vehicles. Well-to-wheel and life-cycle assessments were carried out, and energy requirements were calculated using detailed vehicle models. Results were compared to European Union targets, showing higher environmental impact for electric vehicles compared to internal combustion engines, but still below the pollution level. The study emphasizes the importance of using marginal emissions instead of average emissions to accurately assess the environmental impact of the future transport sector.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Yanxiu Liu, Rong Shao, Ruiyu Jiang, Xinyu Song, Zhong Jin, Lin Sun
Summary: Silicon anodes have been extensively studied as a potential alternative to graphite ones for Li-ion batteries, but their commercial application is limited by poor structural and interfacial stability. Designing robust conductive binder networks is a key strategy to fully exploit the capacity potential of Si-based anodes. This review summarizes existing binders for Si anodes, focusing on three-dimensional and multifunctional polymeric binders with excellent electrical conductivity, flexibility, and adhesion, which are expected to accelerate the practical application of silicon anodes. Suggestions for future development of Si anodic binders are also provided.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Yanxiu Liu, Rong Shao, Ruiyu Jiang, Xinyu Song, Zhong Jin, Lin Sun
Summary: Silicon anodes have been extensively studied as a potential alternative to graphite ones for Li-ion batteries. However, their commercial application is limited by the issues of the poor structural and interfacial stability. In this review, the focus is on the design of robust conductive binder networks to fully exploit the capacity potential of Si-based anodes.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Yang Hua, Xinhua Liu, Sida Zhou, Yi Huang, Heping Ling, Shichun Yang
Summary: Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely integrated in renewable resources and electric vehicles due to their advantages. Reuse of EV LIBs holds great potential but faces challenges such as economic, technical, and regulatory issues. Improvements in standardization, big data, and cloud-based technologies are needed for the industrialization of reuse and recycling.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chris White, Ben Thompson, Lukas G. Swan
Summary: This experimental study evaluates the performance of seven different EV batteries in their original modules and/or packs, finding that significant differences in performance arise from the variety of chemistries and thermal management systems tested, dominating any influence from battery state of health.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chris White, Lukas G. Swan
Summary: Repurposed electric vehicle (EV) batteries offer an affordable and sustainable alternative to conventional utility-scale battery energy storage systems. This study presents experimental data on the second-life performance of EV batteries from five different manufacturers, revealing significant performance differences due to variations in design. The results highlight the 2019 Tesla Model 3 battery as the top performer in most second-life energy storage applications, while the 2015 BMW i3 battery offers the best profit margins in minimizing energy losses. The findings provide valuable insights for researchers and developers in designing second-life energy storage systems.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Elisa Braco, Idoia San Martin, Pablo Sanchis, Alfredo Ursua
Summary: This study proposes a novel fast characterization method to estimate the capacity and internal resistance of second-life Li-ion batteries during the repurposing stage. The method is validated with satisfactory results and reduces testing time and energy consumption, contributing to the reduction of repurposing procedures and costs.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qiuyan Li, Ran Yi, Yaobin Xu, Xia Cao, Chongmin Wang, Wu Xu, Ji-Guang Zhang
Summary: This study focuses on the design and failure analysis of a silicon (Si) anode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The volumetric energy density of the Si anode depends heavily on factors such as Si/C loading, anode calendering density, first-cycle coulombic efficiency, and anode capacity density. Stable Si/C electrode structure is crucial for long-term cycling, and the degree of prelithiation needs to be balanced with cycle life.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yuan Tao, Zhuopu Wang, Bangle Wu, Yanyan Tang, Steve Evans
Summary: In order to combat climate change, the transportation sector is experiencing a major trend towards electrification. However, the increasing number of electric vehicles presents a significant challenge in managing retired power batteries. This study develops a comprehensive life cycle assessment model for ternary lithium-ion batteries, covering production, use, and recycling processes. Through a comparison of five different recycling technologies, the key steps and factors to reduce environmental impacts are identified, providing decision-making support for managing end-of-life ternary lithium-ion power batteries.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jani Das
Summary: This study compares the lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of electric vehicles (EVs) and conventional vehicles in Indian conditions, and identifies the reasons for the higher emission parameters of EVs.
ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY
(2022)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xiuyun Zhao, Vesa-Pekka Lehto
Summary: Batteries are crucial for reducing carbon emissions, and both energy production and storage technologies must adhere to green guidelines. To achieve sustainability goals, battery performance needs to be enhanced, and materials must support large-scale production.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhiwen Wang, Dong Cao, Mingxi Ren, Hanning Zhang, Limei Pan, Chuanfang John Zhang, Jian Yang
Summary: A Si@Ti3C2Tx composite with a fluffy and porous structure was prepared using a simple suspension mixing-freeze drying process, which can effectively improve the stability and cycling efficiency of silicon nanoparticles in lithium-ion batteries.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhi-yuan Feng, Wen-jie Peng, Zhi-xing Wang, Hua-jun Guo, Xin-hai Li, Guo-chun Yan, Jie-xi Wang
Summary: Silicon is considered the most attractive candidate anode material for next-generation high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries due to its high theoretical Li storage capacity, low lithiation voltage, and abundant resources. However, challenges such as large volume changes, low conductivity, and poor rate capacity still exist and attempts to solve these problems through nanosized materials have been made. Reviews focusing on Si-based alloys are scarce, hindering further advancements in this field.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINERALS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaofei Yuan, Lulu Ma, Juan Zhang, Yan Zheng
Summary: The study shows that oxygen plasma treatment can effectively remove the binder in SPCE, enhancing its electrochemical activity. Optimized treatment conditions significantly improve the electrochemical sensitivity of SPCE, while higher power treatment leads to a decrease in performance.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Junjie Li, Yajun Tian, Yelin Deng, Yueling Zhang, Kechang Xie
Summary: A bottom-up method was proposed to accurately estimate GHG emissions from the Chinese coal-to-electricity chain with higher spatial resolution and lower uncertainty, representing the status quo in different provinces. The total GHG emissions from the chain in 2016 are estimated to peak in 2025 but could occur earlier in 2019 with accelerated transformation, suggesting tailored carbon reduction strategies should be coordinated nationwide.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Fan Yang, Yuanyuan Xie, Yelin Deng, Chris Yuan
Summary: This study uses a mathematical model to evaluate the economic and environmental benefits of EVs compared to ICEVs over a 10-year operation phase, finding that EV energy consumption increases over time, affecting the potential GHG emissions reduction and cost savings from replacing ICEVs. At the state level, some areas may experience negative environmental and economic impacts from adopting EVs during the operation phase after considering battery replacement.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jiajia Chen, Hao Li, Lulu Ma, Guoxia Jiang, Dan Li, Yang Wu, Xiaowen Shi, Dan Li, Xu Wang, Hongbing Deng
Summary: A composite chitosan-based aerogel containing TiO2 nanoparticles, multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and layered silicate rectorite showed sufficient mechanical strength and high photocatalytic degradation efficiency for Rhodamine B. After 3 cycles, the aerogel demonstrated a 75% degradation rate, confirming its reusability.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jingyi Zhang, Xinyou Ke, Yu Gu, Fenfen Wang, Duanyang Zheng, Kang Shen, Chris Yuan
Summary: All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLIBs) have attracted attention due to their higher safety, energy density, and operating temperature range. However, their manufacturing process is energy-intensive with significant environmental impacts compared to conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). It is crucial to reduce energy consumption, improve energy efficiency, and overcome technological barriers for the sustainable development of ASSLIBs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ruifei Ma, Yelin Deng
Summary: This study establishes a parameterized life cycle assessment (LCA) model to reflect the most current understanding of battery design and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The results indicate that for a total mileage of 200,000 km, the cathode thickness should be 70 μm. The optimized CO2 emissions are 16.0 CO2 eq/km, with the battery pack configured to have a 400 km driving range per charge and 94.6-95.0% charging/discharging efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fenfen Wang, Xinyou Ke, Kang Shen, Lei Zhu, Chris Yuan
Summary: This review discusses recent research and development on thermally stable separators for lithium-ion batteries, including surface modified polyolefin separators, novel polymer separators, inorganic structured separators, and functional smart separators. Different techniques, processes, and materials are summarized for improving the safety of lithium-ion batteries through these separators.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kang Shen, Xinyou Ke, Fan Yang, Weibo Wang, Cheng Zhang, Chris Yuan
Summary: This study explores the energy consumption, efficiency improvement, and greenhouse gas emissions of a mid-size autonomous EV driven by in-wheel motors. The results show that an IWM-driven AEV can save energy during slope driving and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Kang Shen, Chris Yuan, Michael Hauschild
Summary: This study presents a process-based life cycle assessment model to analyze the environmental impacts of direct recycling for closed-loop production of lithium ion batteries. The results show that direct recycling can reduce environmental impacts by up to 54% compared to conventional open-loop battery manufacturing.
CIRP ANNALS-MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ao Dong, Ruifei Ma, Yelin Deng
Summary: The purpose of this study is to address the issue of direct parallel charging for batteries and supercapacitors. Two methods were evaluated to maximize capacity utilization under high current applications: pulse charging and constant current charging with fine-tuned resistance distribution. The results suggest that the fine-tuning resistance method outperforms pulse charging in terms of effective charging capacity and charging time. Compared to pulse charging at 2.75C, the fine-tuning resistance method reduces charging time by 10.6 minutes and increases charging capacity by 30.5%. Compared to constant current charging, the charging time only increases by 6.8 minutes while the charging capacity increases by 48.4%, reaching 95.1% of the rated capacity for the hybrid system. Furthermore, the fine-tuning resistance method can extend battery life by 8.2% at 2.75C and 14.2% at 3.75C compared to a battery pack with the same capacity and total charging current.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Peibo Liang, Jingmin Li, Wei Chen, Jianyang Li, Qing Yang, Jianjun Zhang
Summary: To increase the use of natural bioresources in drug discovery and development, researchers studied N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) derivatives of chitin as green pesticides. They synthesized C-glycoside naphthalimides using GlcNAc and found that compound 10l showed high inhibitory activity against OfHex1. The synthesized compounds also inhibited the molting process in Ostrinia furnacalis and showed larvicidal activity against Plutella xylostella without significant toxicity to Trichogramma ostriniae and rats.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Yi He, Jingyu Liu, Yanhua Duan, Xiaofei Yuan, Lulu Ma, Ratan Dhar, Yan Zheng
Summary: Approximately 94 to 220 million people worldwide are at risk of drinking well water containing arsenic > 10 pg/L, the WHO guideline value. To identify non-compliant domestic wells, assess health risks and reduce exposure, accurate and rapid on-site inorganic arsenic screening methods are desirable because all domestic wells worldwide need to be tested.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ma Lu-Lu, He Yi, Qin Da, Anthony Chang, Alexander Huang, Xie Xiao-Jiang, Zheng Yan
Summary: Screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) were compared with commercial DS 110 in their electrochemical performance, with the homemade SPCE showing larger peak-to-peak separation and more stable and precise current compared to DS 110. While DS 110 exhibited higher sensitivity, it was less reliable in the acetaminophen-in-Tylenol CV test. Determination of acetaminophen in real Tylenol samples proved to be helpful for additional quality control in SPCE fabrication.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Chris Yuan, Huajun Cao, Kang Shen, Yelin Deng, Dan Zeng, Yan Dong, Michael Hauschild
Summary: Water-based manufacturing processes for lithium ion batteries show potential for reducing energy consumption and minimizing environmental impacts compared to conventional manufacturing methods.
CIRP ANNALS-MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
