Article
Ophthalmology
Linya Li, Shaoqing He, Yang Liu, Thomas Yorio, Dorette Z. Ellis
Summary: The study found that sigma-1r plays a vital role in the survival of retinal ganglion cells, with activation and/or transgenic expression of sigma-1r attenuating the apoptotic pathway and restoring RGC number and function following optic nerve crush.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lei Gu, Jacky M. Kwong, Joseph Caprioli, Natik Piri
Summary: Rbfox1 is a multifunctional RNA binding protein that plays key roles in regulating alternative splicing and cell survival under stress. Deletion of Rbfox1 in retinal ganglion cells results in decreased survival and severe degeneration, indicating its importance in neuronal functions and survival mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Tae Kyeom Kang, Tam Thi Le, Kyung-A Kim, Young-Joo Kim, Wook-Bin Lee, Sang Hoon Jung
Summary: Lithospermum erythrorhizon has potent wound healing, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Extracts from this plant have been shown to protect retinal cells in vitro and in vivo, with lithospermic acid A identified as a key compound responsible for its antioxidant effects. This suggests that Lithospermum erythrorhizon could be a beneficial agent for treating retinal degenerative diseases such as glaucoma.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Ben Mead, Alicia Kerr, Naoki Nakaya, Stanislav I. Tomarev
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the miRNA profile of purified retinal ganglion cells (RGC) from healthy and diseased rat retina. Over 100 different miRNAs were identified in diseased retina compared to healthy retina. Manipulating candidate mRNAs after retinal injury revealed significant neuroprotection and neuritogenesis effects in RGC.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Bum Jun Kim, Daryl A. Scott
Summary: RERE plays a crucial role in controlling apoptosis of retinal cells and its deficiency leads to retinal atrophy and optic nerve degeneration. RERE-deficient mice exhibit reduced number of retinal ganglion cells and progressive loss of retinal cells, particularly in the ganglion cell layer.
DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefania Vernazza, Francesco Oddone, Sara Tirendi, Anna Maria Bassi
Summary: Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease that causes damage to retinal ganglion cells and results in permanent vision loss. While Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP) is the main therapeutic target, other pathological conditions and neuroprotective therapeutic approaches also play important roles in the disease progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Feng Pan, Dan Hu, Li-Juan Sun, Qian Bai, Yu-Sheng Wang, Xu Hou
Summary: The study shows that Valproate reduces apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in rats after optic nerve-crush injury by attenuating phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha-C/EBP homologous protein signaling and caspase-12 activation during endoplasmic reticulum stress. These findings represent a newly discovered mechanism that regulates how valproate protects neurons.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Feifei Wang, Yuning Song, Peiyu Liu, Fangli Ma, Zhida Peng, Yulian Pang, Haijian Hu, Ling Zeng, Hongdou Luo, Xu Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to confirm the effect of intravitreal injection of RAPA on RGCs and explore the underlying mechanism. The results showed that RAPA reduced the activation of glial cells and inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors in the retina. Furthermore, RAPA exerted protective effects on RGC axons by inhibiting glial activation and regulating the mTOR/ROCK pathway.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiao-Xue Fan, Ze-Yu Cao, Min-Xuan Liu, Wen-Jun Liu, Zhi-Liang Xu, Peng-Fei Tu, Zhen-Zhong Wang, Liang Cao, Wei Xiao
Summary: The study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism of DGMI in retinal ganglion cells apoptosis. Results showed that DGMI can decrease cell apoptosis by modulating MAPKs signaling pathways.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Lingyi Ouyang, Tao He, Yiqiao Xing
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Park7 on the survival and function of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) following optic nerve crush (ONC) in mice, as well as its underlying mechanism. The results showed that downregulation of Park7 exacerbated RGC injury and impaired retinal electrophysiological response and optomotor response. The study found that Park7 may exert neuroprotective effects via the Keap1-Nrf2-HO-1 signaling pathway, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for optic neuropathy.
GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ofira Zloto, Alon Zahavi, Stephen Richard, Moran Friedman-Gohas, Shirel Weiss, Nitza Goldenberg-Cohen
Summary: This study evaluated the potential neuroprotective effect of azithromycin injections in mice with optic nerve crush. The results showed that azithromycin reduced apoptosis and improved the preservation of retinal ganglion cells. It also decreased microglial activation and modulated inflammatory reactions. These findings suggest that azithromycin may have a role in preserving retinal ganglion cells after optic neuropathies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jie Chen, Hui Li, Changming Yang, Yinjia He, Tatsuo Arai, Qiang Huang, Xiaodong Liu, Linqing Miao
Summary: Traumatic nerve injury activates cell stress pathways, resulting in neuronal death and loss of vital neural functions. This study found that the citrus component naringenin provides neuroprotection through the inhibition of JUN phosphorylation in the JNK-JUN pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fa Yuan, Mingwei Wang, Kangxin Jin, Mengqing Xiang
Summary: The text discusses the pathogenesis of glaucoma and the characteristics of RGCs, highlighting the differences in regenerative abilities post-injury and the latest research findings. It proposes potential directions for future therapeutics in treating neurodegenerative diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Michiel W. E. De Boeck, Bruno Cozzi, Jean-Marie Graic
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the visual system of multiple toothed whales, focusing on the neurological aspects such as the optic nerve and retina. The research found species-specific differences in the optic nerve and retinal characteristics among toothed whale species and other reference species. The study provides important anatomical evidence for the visual adaptations of toothed whales.
Article
Cell Biology
Syed A. H. Zaidi, Zhimin Xu, Tahira Lemtalsi, Porsche Sandow, Sruthi Athota, Fang Liu, Stephen Haigh, Yuqing Huo, S. Priya Narayanan, David J. R. Fulton, Modesto A. Rojas, Abdelrahman Y. Fouda, Robert W. Caldwell, Ruth B. Caldwell
Summary: This study demonstrates that cell-specific expression of A2 plays a neurotoxic role in optic nerve crush-induced retinal neurodegeneration. Deletion of A2 in neurons expressing Calb2 limits ONC-induced retinal neurodegeneration and improves visual function.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Hirotaka Yokouchi, Toshiyuki Oshitari
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Tomoaki Tatsumi, Toshiyuki Oshitari, Takayuki Baba, Yoko Takatsuna, Shuichi Yamamoto
BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yuko Hayashi, Tomoaki Tatsumi, Toshiyuki Oshitari, Tomomi Kaiho, Yoko Takatsuna, Miyuki Arai, Takayuki Baba, Shuichi Yamamoto
Summary: The study compared the efficacy of one initial intravitreal injection of aflibercept followed by a pro re nata (PRN; 1+PRN) regimen to those of three consecutive monthly injections followed by the PRN (3+PRN) regimen for diabetic macular edema. The results showed that despite the 3+PRN regimen requiring more injections than the 1+PRN regimen, it led to better visual outcomes at 12 months.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshiyuki Oshitari
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy, a major retinal disease and top cause of blindness worldwide, involves neurovascular unit disturbances leading to neuronal and vascular abnormalities, particularly neuronal cell death and axon degeneration, directly impacting vision reduction in diabetic patients. Establishing neuroprotective and regenerative therapies for diabetic neuropathy in the retina is crucial in preventing blindness.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Norihiro Shimizu, Toshiyuki Oshitari, Jiro Yotsukura, Hirotaka Yokouchi, Takayuki Baba, Shuichi Yamamoto
Summary: The study aimed to determine the epidemiology of tumors of the ocular adnexa and orbit in Japan. Malignant lymphoma was found to be the major malignant tumor in the study, and proactive pathological biopsies should be conducted to prevent missing IgG4-positive MALT lymphomas.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Toshiyuki Oshitari
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biology
Tomoaki Tatsumi, Toshiyuki Oshitari, Yoko Takatsuna, Ryoichi Ishibashi, Masaya Koshizaka, Yuki Shiko, Takayuki Baba, Koutaro Yokote, Shuichi Yamamoto
Summary: This study found that systemic SGLT2i can reduce DMEs, suggesting that SGLT2i may be an additional treatment option to anti-VEGF treatments for eyes with DMEs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tomoaki Tatsumi, Yoko Takatsuna, Toshiyuki Oshitari, Tomomi Kaiho, Yohei Kawasaki, Yuki Shiko, Takeshi Sugawara, Takayuki Baba, Shuichi Yamamoto
Summary: This study compared the efficacy and safety of intravitreal aflibercept combined with subthreshold laser therapy to intravitreal aflibercept monotherapy for treating diabetic macular edema. The results showed that the combination therapy did not reduce the number of injections needed and there was no significant difference in treatment outcomes between the two groups.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshiyuki Oshitari
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy is a tissue-specific neurovascular impairment in diabetic patients that affects the retina. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are a major pathological factor causing neurovascular coupling impairments. Mechanisms such as AGE-receptor axis, reactive oxygen species, inflammation, and cell death pathways contribute to the impairment of neurovascular units. Neuronal cell death is directly associated with vision reduction in diabetic patients, highlighting the need for neuroprotective therapies targeting AGEs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Tatsuya Nagai, Hirotaka Yokouchi, Gen Miura, Masaya Koshizaka, Yoshiro Maezawa, Toshiyuki Oshitari, Koutaro Yokote, Takayuki Baba
Summary: This study documented three cases of Werner syndrome patients with thinning of the RNFL, GCC, and choroidal thickness observed using OCT. Visual field tests revealed visual field loss mainly due to glaucoma. These findings highlight the importance of considering Werner syndrome in the differential diagnosis for patients with juvenile cataracts of unknown cause showing abnormal retinal and choroidal thinning in the OCT images.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guzel Bikbova, Toshiyuki Oshitari, Mukharram Bikbov
Summary: There is a clear connection between diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, necessitating therapeutic approaches that target both diseases. Ongoing clinical trials are examining the roles of obesity, adipose tissue, gut microbiota, and pancreatic beta cell function in diabetes. Inflammation plays a crucial role in diabetes pathophysiology and associated metabolic disorders, leading to increased interest in targeting inflammation for diabetes prevention and control. Diabetic retinopathy, a neurodegenerative and vascular disease that develops after poorly controlled diabetes, is also increasingly linked to inflammation. Molecular pathways such as oxidative stress and advanced glycation end-products contribute to the inflammatory response in diabetes-related complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshiyuki Oshitari
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes and a prominent cause of blindness globally. Recently, DR has been defined as a neurovascular disease that impairs the retinal neurovascular function in individuals with diabetes. Neurovascular cell death is the primary cause of this impairment, and protecting neurovascular cells offers a potential therapy for preventing DR progression. Various cell death pathways, including apoptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis, are associated with neurovascular cell death in DR, and targeting these regulated cell death mechanisms may serve as therapies to ameliorate DR pathogenesis. This review focuses on these cell death mechanisms and presents potential therapies that protect against neurovascular cell death in the treatment of DR.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Toshiyuki Oshitari
Summary: This review focuses on the pathogenesis of neurovascular impairments in diabetic retinopathy and introduces possible neurovascular protective therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Takayuki Baba, Tomoaki Tatsumi, Toshiyuki Oshitari, Shuichi Yamamoto
Summary: This study reported 4 cases of recurrent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment 10-17 years after primary reattachment surgery by pars plana vitrectomy. The new retinal breaks were punched-out shaped without horseshoe tears or atrophic holes, and all cases achieved reattachment with combined vitrectomy and scleral buckling surgery. Best-corrected visual acuity ranged from 20/30 to 20/25 among patients.
CASE REPORTS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Ophthalmology
Toshiyuki Oshitari
Summary: Adult neurons in the mammalian central nervous system do not regenerate after injury primarily due to reduced intrinsic regenerative pathways and inhibitory glial environment. Research focusing on optic nerve crush models has shed light on the basic knowledge and trends in CNS axonal regeneration. Expert suggest that stabilization of growth cones and multiple strategies are essential for successful optic nerve regeneration.
EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
