Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shannon Hall
Summary: Geologists were aware of an impending earthquake in southeastern Turkey decades ago, but accurate prediction remains a concept confined to science fiction.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Bernard Hallet, Ronald S. Sletten, Michael Malin, Nicolas Mangold, Robert J. Sullivan, Alberto G. Fairen, German Martinez, Mariah Baker, Juergen Schieber, Javier Martin-Torres, Maria-Paz Zorzano
Summary: The diverse and intriguing ground patterns in Gale Crater on Mars are in contrast to the typical terrain and eolian bedforms. These patterns may arise from the cyclic expansion and contraction of bedrock and regolith, driven by oscillating transfers of energy and moisture between the atmosphere and the terrain.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2022)
News Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandra Witze
Summary: NASA's InSight mission has provided the first data on the internal structure of a planet other than Earth, revealing surprising cake-like layers in the crust of Mars.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Quentin Brissaud, Siddharth Krishnamoorthy, Jennifer M. Jackson, Daniel C. Bowman, Attila Komjathy, James A. Cutts, Zhongwen Zhan, Michael T. Pauken, Jacob S. Izraelevitz, Gerald J. Walsh
Summary: By detecting an earthquake for the first time from a balloon-borne microbarometer, this study demonstrates that seismic activity can be detected from a high-altitude platform on Earth. It also shows that Rayleigh wave-induced infrasound can be used to constrain subsurface velocities, laying the groundwork for the detection and characterization of such signals on Venus.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Hessa Almatroushi, Hoor AlMazmi, Noora AlMheiri, Mariam AlShamsi, Eman AlTunaiji, Khalid Badri, Robert J. Lillis, Fatma Lootah, Maryam Yousuf, Sarah Amiri, David A. Brain, Michael Chaffin, Justin Deighan, Christopher S. Edwards, Francois Forget, Michael D. Smith, Michael J. Wolff, Philip R. Christensen, Scott England, Matthew Fillingim, Gregory M. Holsclaw, Sonal Jain, Andrew R. Jones, Mikki Osterloo, Bruce M. Jakosky, Janet G. Luhmann, Roland M. B. Young
Summary: The Emirates Mars Mission's Hope Probe aims to understand Mars' atmospheric circulation, dynamics, and processes. Through a unique orbit and scientific objectives, the probe will provide data on global and seasonal variations in Mars' atmosphere, covering visible, ultraviolet, and infrared wavelengths to enhance our understanding of the planet.
SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
P. Lognonne, W. B. Banerdt, J. Clinton, R. F. Garcia, D. Giardini, B. Knapmeyer-Endrun, M. Panning, W. T. Pike
Summary: Through the InSight mission, the shallow and deep interiors of Mars have been explored for the first time using seismology. With the help of reliable seismometers and their robotic installation, a total of 1,319 seismic events have been detected, including approximately 90 marsquakes at teleseismic distances with magnitudes ranging from 2.5 to 4.7, as well as at least 6 impacts with craters larger than 130 m. The majority of these marsquakes occur in Cerberus Fossae, indicating active tectonic activity in the region. By analyzing pressure-induced seismic noise and signals from a heat flow probe, subsurface models below the lander have been established. Furthermore, advanced analysis techniques have provided the first interior models of Mars, revealing valuable information about crustal thickness, mantle structure, thermal lithospheric thickness, and core characteristics.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
G. Nishiyama, T. Kawamura, N. Namiki, B. Fernando, K. Leng, K. Onodera, S. Sugita, T. Saiki, H. Imamura, Y. Takagi, H. Yano, M. Hayakawa, C. Okamoto, H. Sawada, Y. Tsuda, K. Ogawa, S. Nakazawa, Y. Iijima
Summary: Simulations and evaluations of seismic wave propagation on the Ryugu asteroid reveal that low-quality factor or low seismic efficiency can explain the lack of geomorphological change after the SCI experiment. The weak yield strength in porous materials is proposed to efficiently decrease seismic wave energies.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
S. Maurice, B. Chide, N. Murdoch, R. D. Lorenz, D. Mimoun, R. C. Wiens, A. Stott, X. Jacob, T. Bertrand, F. Montmessin, N. L. Lanza, C. Alvarez-Llamas, S. M. Angel, M. Aung, J. Balaram, O. Beyssac, A. Cousin, G. Delory, O. Forni, T. Fouchet, O. Gasnault, H. Grip, M. Hecht, J. Hoffman, J. Laserna, J. Lasue, J. Maki, J. McClean, P. -y. Meslin, S. Le Mouelic, A. Munguira, C. E. Newman, J. A. Rodriguez Manfredi, J. Moros, A. Ollila, P. Pilleri, S. Schroder, M. de la Torre Juarez, T. Tzanetos, K. M. Stack, K. Farley, K. Williford
Summary: The acoustic environment on Mars was unknown before the Perseverance rover landing. This study presents the first characterization of the acoustic environment on Mars using Perseverance microphone recordings, providing important data for atmospheric studies.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Marlon D. Ramos, Yihe Huang, Thomas Ulrich, Duo Li, Alice-Agnes Gabriel, Amanda M. Thomas
Summary: The Pacific Northwest coast faces earthquake and tsunami hazards from the Cascadia subduction zone, with evidence of previous megathrust earthquakes occurring every few centuries. Research focused on understanding key questions for the next great megathrust event, such as initiation location, conditions for rupture, and expected slip amount. Dynamic rupture simulations and geological analyses are used to explore the sensitivity of earthquake size to slip deficit in the central Cascadia region, providing insights for earthquake and tsunami hazard assessment in similar subduction zones.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
S. Nagihara, P. Ngo, M. Grott
Summary: The thermal conductivity and specific heat of regolith on Mars vary with atmospheric conditions. In this study, the thermal properties of Mars regolith were measured using Mars simulant under Mars-like atmospheric conditions. The results showed that the thermal conductivity and specific heat of the regolith changed with atmospheric pressure and temperature fluctuations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
David Hinson, John Wilson
Summary: Boundary-layer winds near steeply sloped topography on Mars can generate distinct atmospheric waves. Analysis of temperature profiles from Mars Climate Sounder and simulations with NASA Ames Mars General Circulation Model provide insights into their properties. These waves are found near prominent surface features, such as volcanoes, and are forced by horizontal convergence near the surface. They exhibit diurnal pulses rather than steady oscillations, with variations in amplitude and location depending on the Martian season and latitude.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Courtney M. L. Batterson, Melinda A. Kahre, Alison F. C. Bridger, R. John Wilson, Richard A. Urata, Tanguy Bertrand
Summary: Regional dust storms occur in the southern hemisphere of Mars during spring and summer, with one storm specifically confined to the south pole. The NASA Ames Mars Global Climate Model (MGCM) is used to recreate this storm and investigate the mechanisms responsible for the uplift of dust into the middle atmosphere. The study finds that semi-regular dust pluming events poleward of 70 degrees S contribute to the dust load in the middle atmosphere during the storm.
Article
Microbiology
Ines P. E. Macario, Telma Veloso, Silja Frankenbach, Joao Serodio, Helena Passos, Clara Sousa, Fernando J. M. Goncalves, Sonia P. M. Ventura, Joana L. Pereira
Summary: This study evaluated the growth ability of four species of cyanobacteria and microalgae under Mars simulation conditions and found that N. muscorum performed the best. Cyanobacteria and microalgae also showed good potential as biofertilizers. Spectral analysis revealed differences in polysaccharides between plants grown with and without Martian regolith.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhaopeng Wu, Tao Li, Jing Li, Chengyun Yang, Jun Cui
Summary: Simulation studies have shown the significant thermal effect of water ice clouds on the Martian atmosphere and climate. This work investigates the diurnal variations of water ice on Mars using multi-local time data, revealing a close correlation between thermal tide and water ice diurnal variations. The results suggest a low threshold of tidal amplitude for generating water ice diurnal variations and have implications for understanding the phase transition process in the Martian atmosphere and improving the Martian global climate model.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Paula Koelemeijer, Jeff Winterbourne
Summary: The article introduces a simple method for creating globe models using 3D printing technology to showcase geophysical parameters. This method is particularly effective for long-wavelength fields and can aid learning and increase public engagement. These models can provoke new questions, have educational value, and are more inclusive for visually impaired individuals and students with learning disabilities.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Sebastian Carrasco, Brigitte Knapmeyer-Endrun, Ludovic Margerin, Cedric Schmelzbach, Keisuke Onodera, Lu Pan, Philippe Lognonne, Sabrina Menina, Domenico Giardini, Eleonore Stutzmann, John Clinton, Simon Stahler, Martin Schimmel, Matthew Golombek, Manuel Hobiger, Miroslav Hallo, Sharon Kedar, William Bruce Banerdt
Summary: The study investigates the local subsurface structure at the InSight landing site on Mars using the horizontal-to-vertical (H/V) spectral ratio inversion technique. Different H/V curves were obtained from ambient vibrations and seismic events. The recordings during high-wind periods were less favorable for traditional analysis, while the S-wave coda of marsquakes provided better results. The derived H/V curve showed a trough at 2.4 Hz and a peak at 8 Hz.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. E. Stott, R. F. Garcia, A. Chedozeau, A. Spiga, N. Murdoch, B. Pinot, D. Mimoun, C. Charalambous, A. Horleston, S. D. King, T. Kawamura, N. Dahmen, S. Barkaoui, P. Lognonne, W. B. Banerdt
Summary: The SEIS experiment on the NASA InSight mission uses machine learning methods to analyze the relationship between weather data and seismic energy on Mars, detecting previously undetected marsquakes.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
M. P. Panning, W. B. Banerdt, C. Beghein, S. Carrasco, S. Ceylan, J. F. Clinton, P. Davis, M. Drilleau, D. Giardini, A. Khan, D. Kim, B. Knapmeyer-Endrun, J. Li, P. Lognonne, S. C. Staehler, G. Zenhaeusern
Summary: Prior to the 2018 landing of the InSight mission, the InSight science team proposed an approach to locate Marsquakes using multiple orbit surface waves, independent of seismic velocity models. On May 4, 2022, the largest Marsquake, S1222a M(W)4.7, was recorded, providing an opportunity to test this method. Through the analysis of group arrivals of Rayleigh waves, the distance, timing, and epicenter of the Marsquake were determined. The results agreed with previous measurements and enhanced our confidence in locating Marsquakes.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. A. Rodriguez-Manfredi, M. de la Torre Juarez, A. Sanchez-Lavega, R. Hueso, G. Martinez, M. T. Lemmon, C. E. Newman, A. Munguira, M. Hieta, L. K. Tamppari, J. Polkko, D. Toledo, E. Sebastian, M. D. Smith, I. Jaakonaho, M. Genzer, A. De Vicente-Retortillo, D. Viudez-Moreiras, M. Ramos, A. Saiz-Lopez, A. Lepinette, M. Wolff, R. J. Sullivan, J. Gomez-Elvira, V. Apestigue, P. G. Conrad, T. Del Rio-Gaztelurrutia, N. Murdoch, I. Arruego, D. Banfield, J. Boland, A. J. Brown, J. Ceballos, M. Dominguez-Pumar, S. Espejo, A. G. Fairen, R. Ferrandiz, E. Fischer, M. Garcia-Villadangos, S. Gimenez, F. Gomez-Gomez, S. D. Guzewich, A. -m. Harri, J. J. Jimenez, V. Jimenez, T. Makinen, M. Marin, C. Martin, J. Martin-Soler, A. Molina, L. Mora-Sotomayor, S. Navarro, V. Peinado, I. Perez-Grande, J. Pla-Garcia, M. Postigo, O. Prieto-Ballesteros, S. C. R. Rafkin, M. I. Richardson, J. Romeral, C. Romero, H. Savijarvi, J. T. Schofield, J. Torres, R. Urqui, S. Zurita
Summary: NASA's Perseverance rover's Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer is collecting data at Jezero crater, revealing the spatial and temporal variability of meteorology. Measurements of temperature, aerosol concentrations, wind patterns, and relative humidity indicate diurnal variations, complex hydrologic cycles, and local topography-driven wind patterns.
Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
David Mimoun, Alexandre Cadu, Naomi Murdoch, Baptiste Chide, Anthony Sournac, Yann Parot, Pernelle Bernardi, P. Pilleri, Alexander Stott, Martin Gillier, Vishnu Sridhar, Sylvestre Maurice, Roger Wiens
Summary: The Mars Microphone is one of the measurement techniques of SuperCam that records sounds on Mars and helps study various scientific objectives. It has been integrated with the SuperCam instrument and has been operating perfectly since early 2019. The Mars 2020 Mission, which launched in July 2020, is expected to continue until at least August 2023.
SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ralph D. Lorenz, Sylvestre Maurice, Baptiste Chide, David Mimoun, Alexander Stott, Naomi Murdoch, Martin Giller, Xavier Jacob, Roger C. Wiens, Franck Montmessin, Havard Grip, Theodore Tzanetos, Bob Balaram, Nathan Williams, Matt Keennon, Sara Langberg, Jeremy Tyler, Tanguy Bertrand, Adrian Brown, Nicolas Randazzo, Benjamin Pipenberg
Summary: The sounds of the Ingenuity Helicopter flying in the Martian atmosphere were recorded by the microphone on the SuperCam instrument. The recorded audio signals show distinct frequencies at 84 Hz and occasionally at 168 Hz, corresponding to the blade crossing frequency and its first harmonic. The sound recordings also exhibit a deep modulation with nulls spaced by around 15-20s, in addition to the expected decline in amplitude with distance.
PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Golombek, T. Hudson, P. Bailey, N. Balabanska, E. Marteau, C. Charalambous, M. Baker, M. Lemmon, B. White, R. D. Lorenz, T. Spohn, J. Maki, P. Kallemeyn, J. B. Garvin, C. Newman, K. Hurst, N. Murdoch, N. Williams, W. B. Banerdt, P. Lognonne, P. Delage, R. Lapeyre, E. Gaudin, C. Yana, N. Verdier, M. Panning, A. Trebi-Ollennu, K. Ali, A. Mittelholz, C. Johnson, B. Langlais, N. Warner, J. Grant, I. J. Daubar, V. Ansan, C. Vrettos, A. Spiga, D. Banfield, A. Gomez, P. Mishra, R. Dotson, C. Krause, G. Sainton, T. Gabsi
Summary: The InSight lander carried an Instrument Deployment System (IDS) with a variety of components such as an Instrument Deployment Arm (IDA), scoop, and cameras. The IDA was used for multiple activities including surface imaging, instrument deployment, assisting in underground penetration, and surface geology investigation. It was extensively used for almost 22 months to assist in drilling into the subsurface.
SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. Vicente-Retortillo, G. M. Martinez, M. T. Lemmon, R. Hueso, J. R. Johnson, R. Sullivan, C. E. Newman, E. Sebastian, D. Toledo, V. Apestigue, I. Arruego, A. Munguira, A. Sanchez-Lavega, N. Murdoch, M. Gillier, A. Stott, L. Mora-Sotomayor, T. Bertrand, L. K. Tamppari, M. de la Torre Juarez, J. -A. Rodriguez-Manfredi
Summary: We analyzed the temporal variations in surface albedo at Jezero crater during the first 350 sols of the Mars 2020 mission. The measurements showed that the albedo changes were caused by dust devils under normal conditions and a dust storm at a specific solar longitude. The albedo decrease during the dust storm was significantly larger than the changes caused by dust devils during calm periods.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Alexander E. Stott, Naomi Murdoch, Martin Gillier, Don Banfield, Tanguy Bertrand, Baptiste Chide, Manuel De la Torre Juarez, Ricardo Hueso, Ralph Lorenz, German Martinez, Asier Munguira, Luis Mora Sotomayor, Sara Navarro, Claire Newman, Paolo Pilleri, Jorge Pla-Garcia, Jose Antonio Rodriguez-Manfredi, Agustin Sanchez-Lavega, Michael Smith, Daniel Viudez Moreiras, Nathan Williams, Sylvestre Maurice, Roger C. Wiens, David Mimoun
Summary: We use SuperCam's Mars microphone to provide information on high-frequency wind speed and turbulence on Mars. We demonstrate the sensitivity of the microphone signal level to wind speed and establish a power law dependence. A calibration function is developed using Gaussian process regression, which takes the microphone signal and air temperature as inputs to estimate the wind speed. This enables us to analyze the fast fluctuations and turbulent behavior of the wind on Mars.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
M. de la Torre Juarez, A. Chavez, L. K. Tamppari, A. Munguira, G. Martinez, R. Hueso, B. Chide, N. Murdoch, A. E. Stott, S. Navarro, A. Sanchez-Lavega, G. S. Orton, D. Viudez-Moreiras, D. J. Banfield, J. A. Rodriguez-Manfredi
Summary: We investigate the rapid thermal fluctuations observed by the Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer on the Perseverance rover at Jezero Crater, and their dependence on local time and season. The study also sheds light on wind fluctuations that contribute to turbulent flows and expands our knowledge of near-surface fluctuations on Mars. The findings highlight the need for stochastic models to account for sudden events that cause exponential tails in the probability distribution functions of fluctuations.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jorge Pla-Garcia, A. Munguira, S. Rafkin, C. Newman, T. Bertrand, G. Martinez, R. Hueso, A. Sanchez-Lavega, T. del Rio Gaztelurrutia, A. Stott, N. Murdoch, M. de la Torre Juarez, M. Lemmon, B. Chide, D. Viudez-Moreiras, H. Savijarvi, M. Richardson, M. Marin, E. Sebastian, A. Lepinette-Malvitte, L. Mora, J. A. Rodriguez-Manfredi
Summary: Based on data from the Mars 2020 MEDA instrument and modeling efforts, it is found that Jezero crater experiences nocturnal turbulence mainly caused by wind shear within the atmosphere. This wind shear is generated by the interaction between downslope winds from the west rim and weak winds aloft. The study provides insights into the seasonal evolution and variability of the Martian atmosphere.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Keisuke Onodera, Kiwamu Nishida, Taichi Kawamura, Naomi Murdoch, Melanie Drilleau, Ryoji Otsuka, Ralph Lorenz, Anna Horleston, Rudolf Widmer-Schnidrig, Martin Schimmel, Sebastien Rodriguez, Sebastian Carrasco, Satoshi Tanaka, Clement Perrin, Philippe Lognonne, Aymeric Spiga, Don Banfield, Mark Panning, William Bruce Banerdt
Summary: Convective vortices and dust devils are common phenomena on Mars that reflect the atmospheric structure and drive the dust cycle. Investigating these vortices can improve our understanding of the Martian atmosphere and subsurface properties. NASA's InSight was used to study the vortices with meteorological and seismic data, resulting in a catalog of parameters to characterize their structure and subsurface properties. The study found that most vortices move with a tilted wall in the advection direction and that the subsurface structure can be modeled with two layers transitioning at depths of 5-15 meters.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Claudia Finger, Marco P. Roth, Marco Dietl, Aileen Gotowik, Nina Engels, Rebecca M. Harrington, Brigitte Knapmeyer-Endrun, Klaus Reicherter, Thomas Oswald, Thomas Reinsch, Erik H. Saenger
Summary: Passive seismic analyses are crucial for exploring and monitoring subsurface reservoirs. The Lower Rhine Embayment in Germany has a high potential for geothermal exploitation and experiences continuous natural seismicity. We present a passive seismic dataset recorded at Eschweiler-Weisweiler, showing that the network design allows for state-of-the-art analysis methods.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Melanie Drilleau, Eric Beucler, Jing Shi, Brigitte Knapmeyer-Endrun, Raphael F. Garcia, Veronique Ansan, Doyeon Kim, Philippe Lognonne, William B. Banerdt
Summary: This study measures the group velocity dispersion of surface waves generated by meteoroid impacts on Mars and provides insights into the crustal structure of the planet. The results reveal a four-layer model for the Martian crust near the InSight landing site, with a shallow low-velocity layer approximately 1.2 km thick.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
M. de la Torre Juarez, A. Chavez, L. K. Tamppari, A. Munguira, G. Martinez, R. Hueso, B. Chide, N. Murdoch, A. E. Stott, S. Navarro, A. Sanchez-Lavega, G. S. Orton, D. Viudez-Moreiras, D. J. Banfield, J. A. Rodriguez-Manfredi
Summary: This study examines the diurnal cycle of rapid thermal fluctuations on Mars, revealing exponential tails in the probability distribution functions and different power density spectra. The scale dependence of the fluctuations confirms intermittent outbursts associated with slower fluctuations, contributing to a better understanding of the near-surface Martian atmosphere.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2023)
