Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
James K. Ruffle, Linda Tinkler, Christopher Emmett, Alexander C. Ford, Parashkev Nachev, Qasim Aziz, Adam D. Farmer, Yan Yiannakou
Summary: Machine learning analysis of a large prospective cohort of patients with chronic constipation revealed that irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) and functional constipation (FC) only differ significantly in the presence of abdominal pain, suggesting that they may not be distinct syndromes but rather a single syndrome varying along a single clinical dimension. This has implications for patient recruitment into clinical trials, future disease classifications, and management guidelines.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Emily V. Wechsler, Eric D. Shah
Summary: A review summarized important determinants of choosing IBS treatment, including clinical profiles and cost-effectiveness of prescription drugs; the shared decision-making model helps guide informed discussions for patients to select the appropriate treatment.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Giuseppe Chiarioni, Stefan Lucian Popa, Abdulrahman Ismaiel, Cristina Pop, Dinu Iuliu Dumitrascu, Vlad Dumitru Brata, Traian Adrian Duse, Victor Incze, Teodora Surdea-Blaga, Jose Antonio Uranga
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the efficacy and safety of herbal remedies in the management of IBS-C. The included studies demonstrate some evidence of the beneficial effects of herbal remedies on IBS-C symptoms. However, the heterogeneity of the interventions and outcome measures limits the ability to perform a meta-analysis.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Claudia Di Rosa, Annamaria Altomare, Vittoria Terrigno, Florencia Carbone, Jan Tack, Michele Cicala, Michele Pier Luca Guarino
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. The exact cause of IBS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of factors such as abnormal gut motility, inflammation, increased intestinal permeability, and sensitivity. Diet and gut microbiota have also been identified as important contributors to IBS. This review examines the effects of dietary components, functional foods, prebiotics, probiotics, and symbiotics on symptoms and gut microbiota in individuals with IBS-C.
Article
Neurosciences
Jie Liu, Chaolan Lv, Wei Wang, Yizhou Huang, Bo Wang, Jiashuang Tian, Chenyu Sun, Yue Yu
Summary: This study found that a 6-week slow, deep breathing (SDB) intervention improved symptoms and altered rectal sensation in constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C) patients. Additionally, SDB enhanced vagal activity, suggesting that the effect of SDB on IBS-C may be due to mechanisms involving autonomic responses.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xue Shang, E. Fen-Fen, Kang-Le Guo, Yan-Fei Li, Hong-Lin Zhao, Yan Wang, Nan Chen, Tao Nian, Chao-Qun Yang, Ke-Hu Yang, Xiu-Xia Li
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of probiotics in treating constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C). The findings suggest that probiotics can improve stool consistency and increase the number of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli in feces with good safety. However, the certainty of the evidence is low and more high-quality studies are needed to verify the results.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Annamaria Altomare, Claudia Di Rosa, Elena Imperia, Sara Emerenziani, Michele Cicala, Michele Pier Luca Guarino
Summary: The study explores the effects of different nutritional protocols on IBS-D symptoms and intestinal microbiota variations. An ideal nutritional protocol does not yet exist for IBS-D patients, but it is crucial to consider the impact of different nutritional approaches on the composition of the intestinal microbiota for better management of this functional disorder.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Juan J. Sebastian Domingo
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome is a common functional bowel disorder with significant impact on patients' daily lives and society's economy. It is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel movements, and its etiology and pathophysiological mechanism are still unknown.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Haomeng Wu, Kai Zhan, Kehan Rao, Huan Zheng, Shumin Qin, Xudong Tang, Shaogang Huang
Summary: The effects of different rat models of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) on the brain-gut-microbiota (BGM) axis were evaluated in this study. The results showed that these models caused changes in brain gut peptides, cytokine levels, spinal cord neuronal activity, intestinal mucosal barrier function, and gut microbiota composition and structure.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Li Cui, Yongzhi Hua, Shuting Zou, Chao Gu, Hui Li
Summary: The co-administration of fenchone and sodium hyaluronate improves the symptoms of IBS-C in rats by regulating neurotransmitter balance, enhancing intestinal barrier function, and activating the SCF/c-Kit signaling pathway, as well as restoring gut microbiota structure.
CHEMICAL BIOLOGY & DRUG DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alessia Filippone, Alessio Ardizzone, Valentina Bova, Marika Lanza, Giovanna Casili, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Emanuela Esposito, Michela Campolo, Irene Paterniti
Summary: The combined effects of Xyloglucan and pea protein (XP) and Chia seed powder (CS) were assessed in treating constipation-related alterations in an IBS-C rat model. The results showed that XP + CS treatment attenuated constipation-related parameters and restored colonic histological parameters. XP + CS treatment also exerted a positive effect on barrier integrity by restoring the expression of tight junction proteins Occludin and zona occludens-1 (ZO-1).
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Giusi Desire Sciume, Ginevra Berti, Christian Lambiase, Italia Paglianiti, Vincenzo Villanacci, Francesco Rettura, Antonio Grosso, Angelo Ricchiuti, Nicola de Bortoli, Paolo Usai Satta, Gabrio Bassotti, Massimo Bellini
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea (IBS-D) and functional diarrhea (FD) are disorders of gut-brain interaction that have a significant impact on the patient's quality of life. Bile acid malabsorption (BAM) and microscopic colitis (MC) are often responsible for the lack of response to conventional treatments in these patients. Therefore, considering these factors and finding appropriate treatments should be part of the diagnostic process.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Patrick Hawker, Li Zhang, Lu Liu
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition characterized by persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The cause of IBD is unknown and many patients are unresponsive to medication. Understanding the immunopathogenesis of IBD is crucial for determining its cause and improving treatments.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Florian Mourey, Amelie Decherf, Jean-Francois Jeanne, Mathieu Clement-Ziza, Marie-Lise Grisoni, Francois Machuron, Sophie Legrain-Raspaud, Arnaud Bourreille, Pierre Desreumaux
Summary: This study confirmed the efficacy of S. cerevisiae I-3856 in managing gastrointestinal symptoms in IBS-C, particularly in alleviating abdominal pain. The relief of abdominal pain was associated with improved quality of life.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Michael Camilleri
Summary: This narrative review summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which has a high prevalence in the United States, especially among women and young people. The diagnosis is traditionally based on the positive identification of symptoms related to various syndromes, while treatment methods should be customized based on specific symptoms.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giovanni Di Nardo, Cesare Cremon, Annamaria Staiano, Vincenzo Stanghellini, Osvaldo Borrelli, Caterina Strisciuglio, Claudio Romano, Saverio Mallardo, Elena Scarpato, Giovanni Marasco, Silvia Salvatore, Letizia Zenzeri, Enrico Felici, Licia Pensabene, Simona Sestito, Ruggiero Francavilla, Paolo Quitadamo, Mariella Baldassarre, Valentina Giorgio, Renato Tambucci, Chiara Ziparo, Pasquale Parisi, Maria Raffaella Barbaro, Giovanni Barbara
Summary: Functional gastrointestinal disorders, such as IBS, affect many children worldwide due to disturbed neuroimmune function. Low-grade inflammation and mucosal immune activation play a significant role in symptom generation among pediatric patients with IBS, potentially influencing new therapeutic strategies.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Camille Petitfils, Sarah Maurel, Gaelle Payros, Amandine Hueber, Bahija Agaiz, Geraldine Gazzo, Remi Marrocco, Frederic Auvray, Geoffrey Langevin, Jean-Paul Motta, Pauline Floch, Marie Tremblay-Franco, Jean-Marie Galano, Alexandre Guy, Thierry Durand, Simon Lachambre, Anaelle Durbec, Hind Hussein, Lisse Decraecker, Justine Bertrand-Michel, Abdelhadi Saoudi, Eric Oswald, Pierrick Poisbeau, Gilles Dietrich, Chloe Melchior, Guy Boeckxstaens, Matteo Serino, Pauline Le Faouder, Nicolas Cenac
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between prenatal stress (PS), gut microbiota, and visceral hypersensitivity. The findings indicate that PS impacts the composition and metabolic function of the gut microbiota in adulthood. The reduced capacity of the gut microbiota to produce lipopeptides containing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) could be one of the mechanisms linking PS and visceral hypersensitivity in adulthood.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Celine Deraison, Chrystelle Bonnart, Philippe Langella, Karine Roget, Nathalie Vergnolle
Summary: Elafin and its precursor trappin-2 play an important role in protecting the intestinal mucosal barrier from microbial invasion, especially in gut inflammation. They have shown protective effects in gut intestinal disorders associated with acute or chronic inflammation, as well as gluten sensitization disorders, through various mechanisms. The potential therapeutic application of delivering trappin-2/elafin to the intestinal mucosa surface and its role in intestinal tissue repair are also discussed.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giovanni Marasco, Cesare Cremon, Maria Raffaella Barbaro, Giulia Cacciari, Francesca Falangone, Anna Kagramanova, Dmitry Bordin, Vasile Drug, Egidia Miftode, Pietro Fusaroli, Salem Youssef Mohamed, Chiara Ricci, Massimo Bellini, Mohammed Masudur Rahman, Luigi Melcarne, Javier Santos, Beatriz Lobo, Serhat Bor, Suna Yapali, Deniz Akyol, Ferdane Pirincci Sapmaz, Yonca Yilmaz Urun, Tugce Eskazan, Altay Celebi, Huseyin Kacmaz, Berat Ebik, Hatice Cilem Binicier, Mehmet Sait Bugdayci, Munkhtsetseg Banzragch Yagci, Husnu Pullukcu, Berrin Yalinbas Kaya, Ali Tureyen, Ibrahim Hatemi, Elif Sitre Koc, Goktug Sirin, Ali Riza Caliskan, Goksel Bengi, Esra Ergun Alis, Snezana Lukic, Meri Trajkovska, Keren Hod, Dan Dumitrascu, Antonello Pietrangelo, Elena Corradini, Magnus Simren, Jessica Sjoelund, Navkiran Tornkvist, Uday C. Ghoshal, Olga Kolokolnikova, Antonio Colecchia, Jordi Serra, Giovanni Maconi, Roberto De Giorgio, Silvio Danese, Piero Portincasa, Antonio Di Sabatino, Marcello Maggio, Elena Philippou, Yeong Yeh Lee, Daniele Salvi, Alessandro Venturi, Claudio Borghi, Marco Zoli, Paolo Gionchetti, Pierluigi Viale, Vincenzo Stanghellini, Giovanni Barbara
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and post-COVID-19 disorders of gut-brain interaction among hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that patients with COVID-19 had higher rates of gastrointestinal symptoms on hospital admission and lower rates of constipation and hard stools at 12 months post-infection compared to the control group. Additionally, the rate of irritable bowel syndrome was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 than in controls.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Amandine Hueber, Martin Green, Jakub Ujma, Keith Richardson, Yves Gimbert, Nicolas Cenac, Justine Bertrand-Michel, Jean-Claude Tabet
Summary: This study investigates the structural characterization of lipopeptides synthesized from bacteria using mass spectrometry. A particular lipopeptide showed surprising fragmentation pathways, which were analyzed using energy-resolved mass spectrometry. The results provided insights into the mechanisms and structures of the fragmented product ions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giovanni Marasco, Marcello Maida, Cesare Cremon, Maria Raffaella Barbaro, Vincenzo Stanghellini, Giovanni Barbara
Summary: This article is connected to Marasco et al papers. To view these articles, visit and...
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Paulina Urriola-Munoz, Luke A. A. Pattison, Ewan St. J. Smith
Summary: The naked mole-rat is of interest to aging research due to its resistance to age-associated diseases like cancer. In this study, it was found that mature ADAM10 is expressed in the skin fibroblasts of naked mole-rats, and the ionomycin can increase the localization of ADAM10 on the cell surface. However, ADAM10-mediated cleavage of CD44 and betacellulin was not observed in the naked mole-rat fibroblasts, unlike in mouse fibroblasts where it was induced by ionomycin. Overexpression of ANO6, a Ca2+-dependent phospholipid scramblase, increased phosphatidylserine exposure and rescued ADAM10 sheddase activity and cell migration in naked mole-rat fibroblasts in an ADAM10-dependent manner.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Matthias Zilbauer, Kylie James, Mandeep Kaur, Sebastian Pott, Zhixin Li, Albert Burger, Jay L. Thiagarajah, Joseph Burclaff, Frode L. Jahnsen, Francesca Perrone, Alexander D. Ross, Gianluca Matteoli, Nathalie Stakenborg, Tomohisa Sujino, Andreas Moor, Raquel Bartolome-Casado, Espen S. Baekkevold, Ran S. Zhou, Bingqing Xie, Ken T. Lau, Shahida Din, Scott T. Magness, Qiuming Yao, Semir Beyaz, Mark Arends, Alexandre Denadai-Souza, Lori A. Coburn, Jellert T. Gaublomme, Richard Baldock, Irene Papatheodorou, Jose Ordovas-Montanes, Guy Boeckxstaens, Anna Hupalowska, Sarah A. Teichmann, Aviv Regev, Ramnik J. Xavier, Alison Simmons, Michael P. Snyder, Keith T. Wilson
Summary: The number of single-cell profiling studies in the human gastrointestinal tract has significantly increased, presenting an opportunity to generate the first Human Gut Cell Atlas (HGCA). However, there are still major challenges that need to be addressed, including the need for structured and coordinated efforts globally. This Roadmap provides a comprehensive direction and overview of the challenges, as well as recommendations for future studies and the integration of the healthy gut atlas with diseases and gut organoids.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elise Parey, Diego Fernandez-Aroca, Stephanie Frost, Ainhoa Uribarren, Thomas J. Park, Markus Zottl, Ewan St John Smith, Camille Berthelot, Diego Villar
Summary: Changes in gene regulation play a crucial role in the phenotypic differences between species. In this study, researchers investigate the regulatory evolution in the heart and liver of African mole-rats and other rodent species using epigenomic profiling. The study reveals the association between specific regulatory changes and phenotypic adaptations, such as metabolic pathways, in mole-rats. Additionally, the study proposes a phylogenetic modeling framework that improves upon the existing methods and has broad implications for comparative functional genomics.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emilie Moens de Hase, Camille Petitfils, Mireille Alhouayek, Clara Depommier, Pauline Le Faouder, Nathalie M. Delzenne, Matthias Van Hul, Giulio G. Muccioli, Nicolas Cenac, Patrice D. Cani
Summary: The newly identified bacterium D. welbionis J115(T) improves host metabolism in high-fat diet-fed mice through the production of bioactive lipids. These metabolic effects are associated with a whitening of brown adipose tissue and upregulation of genes related to PPAR-γ agonists.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jimena Perez-Sanchez, Steven J. Middleton, Luke A. Pattison, Helen Hilton, Mosab Ali Awadelkareem, Sana R. Zuberi, Maria B. Renke, Huimin Hu, Xun Yang, Alex J. Clark, Ewan St John Smith, David L. Bennett
Summary: Hyperexcitability in sensory neurons plays a key role in neuropathic pain, and the chemogenetic system PSAM(4)-GlyR can effectively suppress this hyperexcitability and produce reversible effects in both mouse and human sensory neurons. This system has great potential for application in pain treatment.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Kieran A. Boyle, Erika Polgar, Maria Gutierrez-Mecinas, Allen C. Dickie, Andrew H. Cooper, Andrew M. Bell, Evelline Jumolea, Adrian Casas-Benito, Masahiko Watanabe, David I. Hughes, Gregory A. Weir, John S. Riddell, Andrew J. Todd
Summary: This study investigates the role of interneurons that continue to express neuropeptide Y (NPY-INs) in the adult mouse spinal cord. The findings suggest that activation of NPY-INs reduces acute pain and pruritogen-evoked itch, while silencing them causes exaggerated itch responses. Silencing another population of inhibitory interneurons also increases itch, but to a lesser extent.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giovanni Barbara, Maria R. Barbaro, Giovanni Marasco, Cesare Cremon
Summary: Chronic constipation (CC) is a common gastrointestinal condition characterized by infrequent bowel movements and/or hard stools. It can affect people of all races, ages, and sexes, but is more common in women and the elderly. CC significantly impairs patients' quality of life. Diagnosis is based on symptoms, and treatment options include lifestyle changes, fiber supplementation, laxatives, and other medications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, classification, pathophysiology, clinical evaluation, and management of CC.
MINERVA GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Caroline Carle, Delphine Boucher, Luisa Morelli, Camille Larue, Ekaterina Ovtchinnikova, Louise Battut, Kawthar Boumessid, Melvin Airaud, Muriel Quaranta-Nicaise, Jean-Luc Ravanat, Gilles Dietrich, Sandrine Menard, Gerard Eberl, Nicolas Barnich, Emmanuel Mas, Marie Carriere, Ziad Al Nabhani, Frederick Barreau
Summary: Perinatal exposure to foodborne titanium dioxide (TiO2) can affect the intestinal barrier function and increase susceptibility to develop inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This exposure alters the gut microbiota composition, increases intestinal permeability, and enhances colonic cytokines and myosin light chain kinase expression. Additionally, perinatal TiO2 exposure affects the ability of intestinal stem cells to form a functional epithelium. Maternal TiO2 exposure also increases the susceptibility of offspring mice to develop severe DSS-induced colitis. Furthermore, transfer of TiO2-induced microbiota dysbiosis to pregnant germ-free mice affects intestinal mucosal barrier homeostasis early in life and increases susceptibility to develop colitis in adult offspring.
PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Xavier Mas-Orea, Lea Rey, Louise Battut, Cyrielle Bories, Camille Petitfils, Anne Abot, Nadine Gheziel, Eve Wemelle, Catherine Blanpied, Jean-Paul Motta, Claude Knauf, Frederick Barreau, Eric Espinosa, Meryem Aloulou, Nicolas Cenac, Matteo Serino, Lionel Mouledous, Nicolas Fazilleau, Gilles Dietrich
Summary: Immune cell-derived enkephalins play a crucial role in maintaining gut homeostasis and normal behavior in mice, and defects in this system can mimic major symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. These findings provide new insights into the classification and treatment of intestinal diseases.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)