Review
Neurosciences
Rhys Knowles, Nathalie Dehorter, Tommas Ellender
Summary: This review discusses the development of striatal neurons and associated circuits with a focus on their embryonic origin and the role of embryonic progenitors in generating diverse striatal interneurons and projection neurons. Recent evidence suggests that the origin of embryonic progenitors determines key characteristics of postnatal cells, including their neurochemical content and synaptic inputs. Dysfunction in embryonic progenitors can alter striatal formation and have implications for research on Huntington's disease and autism spectrum disorder.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Maryanna S. Owoc, Maria E. Rubio, Brian Brockway, Srivatsun Sadagopan, Karl Kandler
Summary: This study investigated the survival and integration of transplanted MGE cells in the auditory center of mice with and without prior noise exposure. The results showed that transplanted MGE cells could survive, form synapses, and receive synaptic connections in the inferior colliculus (IC), suggesting that MGE cell transplantation may be a new strategy for treating central auditory pathologies following noise exposure.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mercedes F. Paredes, Cristina Mora, Quetzal Flores-Ramirez, Arantxa Cebrian-Silla, Ashley Del Dosso, Phil Larimer, Jiapei Chen, Gugene Kang, Susana Gonzalez Granero, Eric Garcia, Julia Chu, Ryan Delgado, Jennifer A. Cotter, Vivian Tang, Julien Spatazza, Kirsten Obernier, Jaime Ferrer Lozano, Maximo Vento, Julia Scott, Colin Studholme, Tomasz J. Nowakowski, Arnold R. Kriegstein, Michael C. Oldham, Andrea Hasenstaub, Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, Arturo Alvarez-Buylla, Eric J. Huang
Summary: Research has revealed that the human embryonic ventral forebrain contains nests of proliferative neuroblasts which play a crucial role in generating a sufficient number of functional interneurons for the human brain.
Article
Developmental Biology
Shiona Biswas, C. Savio Chan, John L. R. Rubenstein, Lin Gan
Summary: The external globus pallidus (GPe) is crucial for controlling action, and changes in GPe neuron activity are associated with both passive and active body movements. Aberrant GPe neuron activity is linked to motor symptoms seen in Parkinson's Disease, Huntington's disease, and dystonia.
DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yathindar Giffin-Rao, Jie Sheng, Bennett Strand, Ke Xu, Leslie Huang, Margaret Medo, Kirstin A. Risgaard, Samuel Dantinne, Sruti Mohan, Aratrika Keshan, Roger A. Daley, Bradley Levesque, Lindsey Amundson, Rebecca Reese, Andre M. M. Sousa, Yunlong Tao, Daifeng Wang, Su-Chun Zhang, Anita Bhattacharyya
Summary: Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have smaller brains with fewer neurons, indicating impaired neurogenesis during development. This study found a reduction of calretinin-expressing interneurons in the DS cortex and demonstrated that altered WNT signaling contributes to the defective development of cortical interneurons in DS.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saurabh Sonkusare, Ding Qiong, Yijie Zhao, Wei Liu, Ruoqi Yang, Alekhya Mandali, Luis Manssuer, Chencheng Zhang, Chunyan Cao, Bomin Sun, Shikun Zhan, Valerie Voon
Summary: Using intracranial electroencephalography, this study investigated the amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and found that they play important roles in the emotion circuit. The three regions showed different emotion-induced responses and interactions. The results demonstrated greater broadband gamma activity in the negative condition, increased beta activity in the amygdala and OFC, and decreased beta activity in mPFC during the emotional picture viewing task. Furthermore, model-based computational analyses revealed unidirectional connectivity from mPFC to the amygdala and bidirectional communication between OFC-amygdala and OFC-mPFC.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Cansel Ficici, Ziya Telatar, Osman Erogul
Summary: In this study, a method for automated discrimination of patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizure (PNES) and epileptic seizure, as well as healthy subjects, from EEG signals is proposed to eliminate misdiagnosis and the time-consuming EEG examination. Experimental results show that the method achieves high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity in classification and discrimination.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Satoshi Yoshinaga, Minkyung Shin, Ayako Kitazawa, Kazuhiro Ishii, Masato Tanuma, Atsushi Kasai, Hitoshi Hashimoto, Ken-Ichiro Kubo, Kazunori Nakajima
Summary: The study revealed regional differences in neuronal migration profiles in different regions of the mammalian cerebral neocortex, depending on developmental stage. These differences, observed using FlashTag technology, were not well-replicated by thymidine analogs, suggesting a biological significance different from neurogenic gradient. The findings advance understanding of cortical development and demonstrate the utility of FlashTag in studying migration for future neurodevelopmental research.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Viktor Sip, Julia Scholly, Maxime Guye, Fabrice Bartolomei, Viktor Jirsa
Summary: Intracranial electroencephalography is a standard tool for evaluating patients with focal epilepsy. The most common seizure pattern in areas of propagation is theta-alpha activity (TAA), characterized by oscillations in the theta-alpha range. This study evaluates the hypothesis that TAA patterns are caused by seizures spreading across the cortex, with simulations showing qualitative consistency between spreading seizures and recorded evidence.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Idrish Ali, Juliana Silva, Pablo M. Casillas-Espinosa, Emma Braine, Glenn R. Yamakawa, Matthew R. Hudson, Rhys D. Brady, Brendan Major, Peravina Thergarajan, Mohammad B. Haskali, David K. Wright, Bianca Jupp, Lucy Vivash, Sandy R. Shultz, Richelle Mychasiuk, Patrick Kwan, Nigel C. Jones, Kazuyuki Fukushima, Pallavi Sachdev, Jocelyn Y. Cheng, Terence J. O'Brien
Summary: The objective of this study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and neurological toxicity of a novel antiseizure medication, E2730, and to test its ability to suppress seizures in a rat model of chronic MTLE. The results show that continuous subcutaneous infusion of E2730 effectively suppresses seizures with minimal adverse neurological effects.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Marina Bershteyn, Sonja Broer, Mansi Parekh, Yves Maury, Steven Havlicek, Sonja Kriks, Luis Fuentealba, Seonok Lee, Robin Zhou, Geetha Subramanyam, Meliz Sezan, Eric Steven Sevilla, Whitney Blankenberger, Julien Spatazza, Li Zhou, Hubert Nethercott, David Traver, Philip Hampel, Hannah Kim, Michael Watson, Naomi Salter, Anastasia Nesterova, Wai Au, Arnold Kriegstein, Arturo Alvarez-Buylla, John Rubenstein, Gautam Banik, Alessandro Bulfone, Catherine Priest, Cory R. Nicholas
Summary: This study reports a cell therapy alternative for drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). The transplantation of inhibitory interneurons derived from human embryonic stem cells effectively suppressed seizures and improved pathological features in a mouse model of chronic MTLE.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martine Manuel, Kai Boon Tan, Zrinko Kozic, Michael Molinek, Tiago Sena Marcos, Maizatul Fazilah Abd Razak, Daniel Dobolyi, Ross Dobie, Beth E. P. Henderson, Neil C. Henderson, Wai Kit Chan, Michael Daw, John O. Mason, David J. Price
Summary: The development of stable specialized cell types in multicellular organisms relies on mechanisms controlling intercellular signals and cell responsiveness. The specific expression of transcription factor Pax6 in the developing cerebral cortex is hypothesized to limit the competence of progenitor cells to generate different neuronal types. Study findings indicate that conditional deletion of Pax6 allows some progenitors to generate abnormal lineages, suggesting that Pax6 plays a role in limiting their competence. Additionally, the loss of Pax6 increases the responsiveness of cortical progenitor cells to external signals, potentially leading to inappropriate lineage development.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Eric Ternisien, Thierry Cecchin, Sophie Colnat-Coulbois, Louis Georges Maillard, Laurent Koessler
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility of extracting deep mesial temporal sources that are not visible in scalp EEG signals using blind source separation methods and statistical measures. The results show that deep source extraction is possible under certain conditions and with the use of common signal analysis toolboxes.
Article
Neurosciences
Anup Das, Vinod Menon
Summary: Electrical stimulation of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) can reveal the causal circuit mechanisms underlying memory function. In this study, intracranial EEG recordings were used to investigate how MTL stimulation alters information flow between MTL and PFC, and between MTL and PPC, during a verbal episodic memory task. The results showed that MTL stimulation reduced memory recall, decreased PFC-MTL information flow, and had region-specific effects on directional signaling.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jiawen Xu, Yanan Xie, Kun Fang, Xin Wang, Shengdi Chen, Xueyuan Liu, Yuwu Zhao, Yangtai Guan, Dingfang Cai, Gang Li, Jianmin Liu, JianRen Liu, Jianhua Zhuang, Ying Xian, Haipeng Shen, Hao Li, David Z. Wang, Bruce C. Campbell, Mark W. Parsons, Yi Dong, Qiang Dong
Summary: The intervention by the Shanghai Stroke Service System (4S) has led to improved adherence to stroke care guidelines and better clinical outcomes for stroke patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wanli Yang, Xi Chen, Yu Zhou, Xuelin Tang, Yimin Sun, Yi Dong, Hong Yang, Yan Chen, Ming Zhang
Summary: This study identified a novel FUS splice site mutation in Chinese ALS patients, which resulted in abnormal RNA splicing, upregulated gene expression, truncated FUS protein translation, and cytosolic mislocalization.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Jingwen Bao, Yueming Lv, Kun Wang, Quanwen Wang, Yanling Chen, Yi Dong, Yuli Zhu, Wenping Wang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the methodology and clinical application of ultrasound attenuation imaging (ATI) and compare the diagnostic performance of ATI and controlled attenuation parameters (CAP) for detecting and grading hepatic steatosis. The results showed that ATI had excellent intraobserver consistency and the optimal minimum number of measurements was 4. ATI is a promising noninvasive, quantitative, and convenient tool for assessing hepatic steatosis.
JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yi Dong, Jonas Koch, Amjad Alhyari, Ehsan Safai Zadeh, Christian Gorg, Wen-Ping Wang, Annalisa Berzigotti, Christoph F. Dietrich
Summary: Focal liver lesions (FLL) can be detected by various imaging techniques, and further characterization is necessary. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are commonly used for this purpose. Ultrasound elastography has shown potential for detecting liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, but its use in differentiating malignant and benign liver tumors is not well-established. This review provides an overview of the current data on the utility and performance of ultrasound elastography for characterizing FLL.
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kathleen Moeller, Ehsan Safai Zadeh, Christian Goerg, Yi Dong, Xin-Wu Cui, Siegbert Faiss, Christoph F. Dietrich
Summary: This review analyzes the prevalence and natural history of benign and malignant liver lesions other than hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with established liver cirrhosis, aiming to help avoid misdiagnosis.
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christoph F. Dietrich, Claudia Lucius, Michael Bachmann Nielsen, Eike Burmester, Susan Campbell Westerway, Chit Yan Chu, George Condous, Xin-Wu Cui, Yi Dong, Gill Harrison, Jonas Koch, Barbara Kraus, Christian Pallson Nolsoe, Leizl Joy Nayahangan, Malene Roland V. Pedersen, Adrian Saftoiu, Eric Savitsky, Michael Blaivas
Summary: Simulation has proven to be beneficial in clinical learning, speeding up the learning process and boosting learner confidence. The use of simulators in ultrasound education is explored in a state of the art paper by the WFUMB. The paper discusses different types of simulators, their requirements, technical aspects, and clinical applications. Despite being in its early stages, ultrasound simulation offers a wide range of training opportunities and has the potential for broader ultrasound education in healthcare.
ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND
(2023)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Kellysson Bruno Oliveira, Igor Santana de Melo, Bianca Rodrigues Melo da Silva, Keylla Lavinia da Silva Oliveira, Robinson Sabino-Silva, Lucas Anhezini, Pedro Lourenco Katayama, Victor Rodrigues Santos, Ashok K. Shetty, Olagide Wagner de Castro
Summary: Hypertension is a critical risk factor for COVID-19 as SARS-CoV-2 invasion affects the cardiovascular system and alters blood pressure regulation. The invasion of carotid and aortic baroreceptors by the virus leads to infection of NTS and PVN, causing blood pressure alterations. Additionally, the virus may disrupt the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and increase sympathetic activity, resulting in hypertension and contributing to cardiovascular complications.
NEUROSCIENCE INSIGHTS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jiawen Xu, Xi Chen, Yanan Xie, Yi Wang, Shidong Chen, Qiang Dong, Yi Dong, Kun Fang
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of low-dose alteplase in Chinese patients with acute ischemic stroke through a real-world registry. The results showed that the low-dose group had higher rates of death or disability and lower functional independence compared to the standard-dose group, without reducing the risk of bleeding or in-hospital mortality.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
ZeFeng Tan, Lei Zhang, Li'an Huang, Hongyu Qiao, Min Guan, Bing Yang, Pengfei Yang, Yongwei Zhang, Hongjian Shen, Yu Zhou, Bo Hong, Huaizhang Shi, Hongxing Han, Xinyi Leng, Yi Dong, Changlin Lian, Wenhuo Chen, Anding Xu, Jianmin Liu
Summary: This study investigated the impact of thrombus migration (TM) before endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) on clinical outcomes and revascularization rates. The results showed that TM does not modify the treatment effects of direct EVT versus bridging EVT in acute large vessel occlusion patients, but it leads to a lower complete recanalization rate.
STROKE AND VASCULAR NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Claudia A. Collier, Steven Foncerrada, Abigail J. Clevenger, Ashok Shetty, Shreya A. Raghavan
Summary: Gulf War Illness (GWI), resulting from chemical exposure during the Gulf War, affects gastrointestinal motility. This study examines the hypothesis that exposure to pyridostigmine bromide (PB) leads to severe enteric neuro-inflammation and disruptions in colonic motility. Experiments conducted on male mice show reduced colonic forces, increased inflammation, and decreased numbers of enteric neurons responsible for mediating colonic motility in GWI. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying GWI and can potentially lead to improved therapeutic options for affected individuals.
Article
Neurosciences
Victor R. Santos, Cristiane Q. Tilelli, Artur Fernandes, Olagide Wagner de Castro, Flavio Del-Vecchio, Norberto Garcia-Cairasco
Summary: About 1-2% of people worldwide suffer from epilepsy, which is characterized by unpredictable and intermittent seizure occurrence. Temporal lobe epilepsy is often associated with early triggering insults like brain damage, tumors, or Status Epilepticus (SE). In an experimental study, electrical stimulation of the amygdaloid complex was used to induce two distinct SE states: Type I (fully convulsive) and Type II (partial convulsive), which differed in seizure behaviors and brain damage severity. The study aimed to understand the impact of these SE types on the hippocampus and the development of epilepsy. Neurodegeneration showed variations between the two behaviors, but neurogenesis demonstrated a comparable increase in Ki-67+ cells and Doublecortin (DCX) in both types of SE.
IBRO NEUROSCIENCE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Igor Santana de Melo, Robinson Sabino-Silva, Maisa Araujo Costa, Emilia Rezende Vaz, Cassius Iury Anselmo-e-Silva, Thaina de Paula Soares Mendonca, Kellysson Bruno Oliveira, Fernanda Maria Araujo de Souza, Yngrid Mickaelli Oliveira dos Santos, Amanda Larissa Dias Pacheco, Jucilene Freitas-Santos, Douglas Carvalho Caixeta, Luiz Ricardo Goulart, Olagide Wagner de Castro
Summary: This study investigated the effects of fMLP peptides on limbic seizures, memory consolidation, and hippocampal neurodegeneration. The results showed that fMLP reduced the severity and number of seizures, protected memory function, and attenuated neurodegeneration in the hippocampus. These findings have important implications for the potential use of fMLP peptides as a therapeutic agent for brain disorders.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sheng Chen, Xiao Huan, Chun-Zuan Xu, Su-Shan Luo, Chong-Bo Zhao, Hua-Hua Zhong, Xue-Ying Zheng, Kai Qiao, Yi Dong, Ying Wang, Chang-Yun Liu, Hua-Pin Huang, Yan Chen, Zhang-Yu Zou
Summary: This study aimed to clarify the role of Eomesodermin (EOMES) as a disease-relevant biomarker and the intracellular molecules underlying the immunophenotype shifting of CD4+T subsets in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The results showed that increased CD4(+)EOMES(+)T-cell subsets in ALS were associated with disease progression and poor prognosis.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Zhuang-Yao D. Wei, Ketty Liang, Ashok K. Shetty
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 uses a spike protein to enter human cells by binding to ACE-2, resulting in COVID-19. COVID-19 primarily causes respiratory infection and can lead to severe systemic inflammation. Neurological symptoms are also common in some patients.
