Article
Agronomy
Maria Pobozniak, Marta Olczyk, Tomasz Wojtowicz
Summary: Research shows distinct differences in susceptibility of different onion cultivars to Thrips tabaci Lindeman. Leaf colour is correlated with thrips preference, with higher lightness, yellowness, chroma, hue, and lower redness attracting more thrips; resistant cultivars have darker, green-grey-yellowish leaves.
Article
Agronomy
Lindsy Iglesias, Russell L. Groves, Benjamin Bradford, Riley S. Harding, Brian A. Nault
Summary: The study found that the bioinsecticide spinosad was the most effective in reducing thrips densities, feeding damage, and increasing onion yield. Co-applications of spinosad with neem oil or salts of fatty acids were more effective, while Isaria fumosorosea and azadirachtin + pyrethrins did not control thrips effectively. The results highlight the importance of evaluating the performance of insecticide and adjuvant combinations for optimal pest management.
Article
Agronomy
Pin-Chu Lai, Lindsy Iglesias, Russell L. Groves, Michael J. Havey, Brian A. Nault
Summary: This study compared the performance of two onion cultivars on organic farms and found that the semi-glossy onion did not reduce thrips infestations as anticipated, but was similar in susceptibility to bacterial bulb rot disease and produced similar large bulb yields as the waxy cultivar.
Article
Agronomy
Tessa R. Belo, Lindsey J. du Toit, Timothy D. Waters, Michael L. Derie, Betsy Schacht, Gabriel T. Lahue
Summary: Onion bacterial diseases pose a significant economic risk to growers, and irrigation management can be a promising strategy for controlling these diseases. This study found that irrigation frequency and timing of the final irrigation can influence the incidence of bacterial diseases and bulb rot in onions. Careful irrigation management, especially at the end of the season, is important for managing onion bacterial diseases in semi-arid regions.
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Frank Hay, Daniel W. Heck, Audrey Klein, Sandeep Sharma, Christy Hoepting, Sarah J. Pethybridge
Summary: This study investigated the Stemphylium leaf blight (SLB) in onion production in New York, finding that seed transmission is unlikely to be a significant source of inoculum. The disease showed a polycyclic epidemic pattern and the presence of external inoculum sources may reduce the effectiveness of in-field management techniques.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Nguyen Thi Thu Nga, Tran Ngoc Tran, Dominique Holtappels, Nguyen Le Kim Ngan, Nguyen Phuoc Hao, Marta Vallino, Doan Thi Kieu Tien, Nguyen Huan Khanh-Pham, Rob Lavigne, Kaeko Kamei, Jeroen Wagemans, Jeffrey B. Jones
Summary: The study found that using phi 31 alone provides higher disease prevention in greenhouse conditions, while both phage phi 31 alone and the phage cocktail treatments can effectively suppress disease symptoms and increase yield in field conditions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Stefanie De Armas, Guillermo A. Galvan, Maria Lapaz, Pablo Gonzalez-Barrios, Esteban Vicente, Maria J. Pianzzola, Maria Siri
Summary: The study aimed to identify the causal agents of bulb rots and leaf blight of onion crops in Uruguay. Five Pantoea species were found, including two that were not previously reported as onion pathogens. The aggressiveness of different strains on different onion cultivars was also assessed.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Kazeem D. Adeyemi, Blessing M. Obaaro, Elizabeth T. Awoyeye, Anne E. Edward, Tobechukwu N. Asogwa
Summary: Dietary supplementation of 5 g kg(-1) OLP in broiler chickens improved growth performance, immune indices, and reduced blood cholesterol and muscle oxidative stress markers. The supplemented birds showed higher bacterial counts compared to the control group. Additionally, dietary supplements enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced drip loss in meat.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Takayuki Sekine, Masaaki Osaka, Takeru Itabashi, Naoki Chiba, Hideto Yoshimura, Ryuji Uesugi, Ken Tabuchi, Takeshi Shimoda
Summary: Syrphid larvae, commonly known as hoverfly larvae, are natural predators of aphids. However, a study found that they were sometimes present on onion plants without aphids but with thrips, a different type of pest. This led to the hypothesis that syrphid larvae might feed on thrips in the absence of aphids. DNA analysis of syrphid larvae collected from onion plants intercropped with barley confirmed that they preyed on three species of thrips. Furthermore, laboratory experiments showed that the larvae fed on one of these thrips species. The results supported the hypothesis and suggested that intercropping barley could enhance the role of native syrphid species as generalist predators in onion fields.
APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Entomology
Takayuki Sekine, Toshio Masuda, Shota Inawashiro
Summary: Intercropping with barley in onion cultivation can effectively reduce the population of onion thrips, especially when insecticide is applied early in the cultivation period. However, the intercropping may affect onion growth, but trimming barley can mitigate the adverse effects on bulb size and enhance the abundance of natural enemies like carabid beetles.
APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
John Paul Matthew D. Guzman, Pattanan Yatip, Chumporn Soowannayan, Mary Beth B. Maningas
Summary: The crude ethanolic extract and crude alkaloids from Piper betle L. were found to significantly inhibit biofilm formation and quorum sensing of V. harveyi, without negatively affecting shrimp growth and pre-infection mortality rate. These extracts showed potential for supplementation in shrimp feed as protection against Vibriosis.