Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Peng-Cheng Li, Mei-Juan Tu, Pui Yan Ho, Neelu Batra, Michelle M. L. Tran, Jing-Xin Qiu, Theodore Wun, Primo N. Lara, Xiang Hu, Ai-Xi Yu, Ai-Ming Yu
Summary: A novel platform for in vivo fermentation production of humanized recombinant ncRNA molecules was developed, demonstrating their important roles in cellular processes and anti-tumor activities. The technology represents a unique addition to conventional technologies for basic research and drug development.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Li Chen, Man He, Meng Zhang, Qiang Sun, Sha Zeng, Hui Zhao, Han Yang, Maolun Liu, Shan Ren, Xianli Meng, Haibo Xu
Summary: Colorectal cancer is a malignant affliction commonly caused by lack of effective medical intervention and poor understanding of its pathogenesis, with non-coding RNAs and autophagy playing intricate roles in its initiation, progression, metastasis, recurrence, and therapeutic resistance. The interactions between ncRNAs and autophagy can serve as valuable clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CRC.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Haijun Wang, Ke Zhang, Jia Liu, Jie Yang, Yidan Tian, Chen Yang, Yushan Li, Minglong Shao, Wei Su, Na Song
Summary: Curcumin, a natural polyphenol derived from turmeric, demonstrates anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and especially anti-tumor activities through multiple biological signaling pathways. Additionally, it inhibits tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, EMT, invasion, and metastasis by regulating tumor-related ncRNA expression. The cross regulatory relationship between ncRNA and signaling pathways illustrates the anti-tumor mechanism of curcumin.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Tingting Xu, Mengyan Xie, Xinming Jing, Jiahua Cui, Xi Wu, Yongqian Shu
Summary: Increasing evidence suggests that chronic inflammatory processes play a role in tumor occurrence and development. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to act as oncogenic drivers and tumor suppressors in inflammation-induced cancers. Understanding the function of inflammation-associated ncRNAs may lead to new therapeutic strategies for malignant diseases.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Eain A. Murphy
Summary: The necessity for viruses to modulate the innate immune response significantly impacts the outcome of viral infections. Viruses encode factors that undermine antiviral responses, with recent research highlighting the impact of virus-encoded noncoding RNAs on key components of the interferon pathway, particularly focusing on Epstein-Barr virus microRNAs.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Malgorzata Guz, Witold Jeleniewicz, Marek Cybulski
Summary: The role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in cancer is undeniable. Aberrant expression of ncRNAs, including circular RNAs (circRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), is involved in the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis. CircRNAs, as a part of the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNAs) network, play a central role in regulating the accessibility of miRNAs to their mRNA targets. The imbalance between circRNAs and miRNAs is crucial in various pathologies, including cancer. This review focuses on the interaction between circRNAs and miR-141, a well-known member of the miR-200 family, in malignant transformation, highlighting the biological role of circRNA/miR-141/mRNA networks as a potential target for future anti-cancer therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Laboni Roy, Oishika Chatterjee, Debopriya Bose, Ananya Roy, Subhrangsu Chatterjee
Summary: The epigenetic landscape plays a crucial role in cellular homeostasis and its disruption can lead to cancer. Noncoding RNA networks, through regulation of processes like histone modification and DNA methylation, are key intracellular components involved in controlling cellular epigenetic characteristics. Understanding the effects of these RNA networks on epigenetic programming is important for the development of targeted cancer therapeutics.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joshua Altschuler, Jennifer A. Stockert, Natasha Kyprianou
Summary: Prostate cancer mortality poses a significant public health challenge, with therapeutic resistance being a complex issue involving various biological mechanisms. Understanding the mechanisms of resistance is crucial for improving therapeutic outcomes and developing predictive biomarkers. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, and long non-coding RNAs play important roles in therapeutic resistance and cancer progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haixiu Yang, Changlu Qi, Boyan Li, Liang Cheng
Summary: Recent studies have revealed the significant role of non-coding RNAs in regulating drug resistance in tumor cells. Understanding the relationship between ncRNAs and drug resistance can provide valuable insights into the mechanisms and biomarkers of chemoresistance, as well as facilitate personalized anticancer treatment regimens.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
S. Shome, R. L. Jernigan, D. C. Beitz, S. Clark, E. D. Testroet
Summary: The study reveals that bovine milk contains a significant number of ncRNAs with putative regulatory targets associated with immune and developmental functions important for neonatal bovine health. Processing significantly affects ncRNA expression values, but overall abundance values of miRNA samples are not greatly impacted.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naveen Soni, Gargi Nandi, Megha Chaudhary, Bhawana Bissa
Summary: Since its discovery, autophagy has been recognized as a crucial pathway involved in the recycling of cellular components in nutrient stress. Autophagy plays a dual role in tumorigenesis by sequestering and degrading dysfunctional organelles, biomolecules, and misfolded proteins. The communication between autophagy and exosome pathways, regulated by ncRNA, represents a promising therapeutic approach in targeting cancer chemoresistance.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jia Liu, Shan Song, Rong Zhao, He-Yi Zhang, Sheng-Xiao Zhang
Summary: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial tissue inflammation, irreversible joint damage, and severe physical impairment. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are important regulators that are incapable of encoding proteins but play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of RA by mediating fundamental cellular processes. Several confirmed ncRNAs have been identified as prospective biomarkers for diagnosing and treating RA. This paper aims to elucidate the role of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of RA and propose new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of this condition.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Karolina Seborova, Radka Vaclavikova, Lukas Rob, Pavel Soucek, Pavel Vodicka
Summary: Although advances have been made in cancer research, efficient predictive biomarkers for ovarian cancer progression and metastasis remain elusive. This review critically discusses recent findings on non-coding RNAs and DNA methylation as promising novel biomarkers in ovarian cancer. Identifying molecular changes in primary tumors and their metastases can help reveal the nature of metastatic development and provide early biomarkers for prognosis and disease progression. Regulatory elements from non-coding RNA families appear to play a role in these processes and may serve as potential molecular biomarkers for patient prognosis.
Review
Immunology
Yongmei Liu, Linlin Cheng, Haoting Zhan, Haolong Li, Xiaomeng Li, Yuan Huang, Yongzhe Li
Summary: Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) make up more than 90% of the RNAs in the human genome. Recent studies have shown that ncRNAs are not just junk products, but play a role as functional regulatory molecules in important processes such as chromosomal modifications, mRNA splicing and stability, translation, and signaling pathways. Abnormal expression of ncRNAs has been observed in cancer and autoimmune diseases like systemic sclerosis (SSc), making them potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of SSc. However, our understanding of the functions and mechanisms of ncRNAs in SSc is still incomplete.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Farzad Rahmani, Mehrdad Zandigohar, Pegah Safavi, Maryam Behzadi, Zeynab Ghorbani, Mahya Payazdan, Gordon Ferns, Seyed Mahdi Hassanian, Amir Avan
Summary: non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play important regulatory roles in various pathological conditions, including human cancer, by targeting cell cycle-related proteins at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. P21, a key cell cycle regulatory protein, has both tumor-suppressive and oncogenic effects depending on its localization and post-translational modifications. It regulates G1/S and G2/M checkpoints by interacting with cyclin-dependent kinase enzymes (CDKs) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Several ncRNAs, including lncRNAs and miRNAs, have been found to regulate the p21 signaling axis, which is involved in gastrointestinal tumorigenesis. Understanding the regulatory effects of ncRNAs on p21 may lead to the discovery of novel therapeutic targets in gastrointestinal cancer.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Maxine Umeh-Garcia, Catalina Simion, Pui-Yan Ho, Neelu Batra, Anastasia L. Berg, Kermit L. Carraway, Aiming Yu, Colleen Sweeney
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wanrong Yi, Mei-Juan Tu, Zhenzhen Liu, Chao Zhang, Neelu Batra, Ai-Xi Yu, Ai-Ming Yu
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hannah Petrek, Pui Yan Ho, Neelu Batra, Mei-Juan Tu, Qianyu Zhang, Jing-Xin Qiu, Ai-Ming Yu
Summary: This study introduces a novel technology for dual-targeting of two miRNAs in NSCLC cells, showing greater efficacy in inhibiting cell growth and colony formation compared to using individual miRNAs alone. Additionally, a specific miRNA-loaded nanomedicine demonstrated the best effectiveness in controlling tumor growth in NSCLC patient-derived xenograft mouse models.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Young Hee Choi, Chao Zhang, Zhenzhen Liu, Mei-Juan Tu, Ai-Xi Yu, Ai-Ming Yu
Summary: This study developed a novel pharmacokinetic (PK)-pharmacodynamic (PD) model for assessing combination treatment by considering contributions from individual drugs, and incorporated the combination index method to define in vivo synergism accurately. The research found that sorafenib contributed more to tumor growth inhibition compared to coadministered doxorubicin, explaining previously inexplicable clinical observations. This model and strategy will have broad applications in translational research for identifying optimal dosage combinations with stronger synergy to improve therapeutic outcomes.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Baitang Ning, Ai-Ming Yu
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Xiong Zhang, Zenghong Huang, Junjian Wang, Zhao Ma, Joy Yang, Eva Corey, Christopher P. Evans, Ai-Ming Yu, Hong-Wu Chen
Summary: Prostate cancer is a common cancer in men with limited therapeutic options, but targeting drivers other than AR, such as RORgamma, may provide new treatment strategies. The study demonstrated that RORgamma antagonists effectively inhibit the growth of advanced prostate cancer tumors, suggesting a promising new approach for treating this aggressive disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chengfei Liu, Cameron M. Armstrong, Shu Ning, Joy C. Yang, Wei Lou, Alan P. Lombard, Jinge Zhao, Chun-Yi Wu, Aiming Yu, Christopher P. Evans, Clifford G. Tepper, Pui-kai Li, Allen C. Gao
Summary: The use of a novel AR/AR-V7 degrader ARVib effectively degrades AR/AR-V7 protein in prostate cancer cells and attenuates AR/AR-V7 downstream target gene expression. Mechanistically, ARVib degrades AR/AR-V7 protein through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway mediated by HSP70/STUB1 machinery modulation, which inhibits resistant prostate tumor growth and improves enzalutamide treatment both in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that ARVib has potential as a therapy for resistant CRPC by targeting AR/AR-V7 degradation.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Linglong Deng, Hannah Petrek, Mei-Juan Tu, Neelu Batra, Ai-Xi Yu, Ai-Ming Yu
Summary: This study investigates the molecular and cellular mechanisms of miR-124-3p in controlling tumor metastasis by downregulating proteins critical for metastatic potential. The findings suggest that miR-124-3p therapy could inhibit cancer cell invasion and metastasis by disrupting cell structures and interactions.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Anastasia L. Berg, Ashley Rowson-Hodel, Michelle Hu, Michael Keeling, Hao Wu, Kacey VanderVorst, Jenny J. Chen, Jason Hatakeyama, Joseph Jilek, Courtney A. Dreyer, Madelyn R. Wheeler, Ai-Ming Yu, Yuanpei Li, Kermit L. Carraway
Summary: Preventing drug resistance in cancer stem cells is crucial for improving treatment outcomes in cancer patients. This study found that cationic amphiphilic drugs can effectively target therapy-resistant cancer stem cell populations by inducing cell death through a different mechanism. This discovery has the potential to improve treatment outcomes for breast cancer patients and reduce the risk of tumor recurrence and metastasis.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gavin M. Traber, Ai-Ming Yu
Summary: RNA interference (RNAi) is a versatile method for regulating gene expression. Endogenous microRNAs (miRNAs) and exogenous small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) form RNA-induced silencing complexes to achieve gene regulation. RNAi-based drugs have been approved for clinical use and advancements in technology aim to improve their efficacy and safety. Chemical modifications and delivery platforms are being explored to enhance the structure, stability, and activity of RNA molecules. Novel biologic RNAi agents are also being developed for research purposes.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Shu Ning, Chengfei Liu, Wei Lou, Joy C. Yang, Alan P. Lombard, Leandro S. D'Abronzo, Neelu Batra, Ai-Ming Yu, Amy R. Leslie, Masuda Sharifi, Christopher P. Evans, Allen C. Gao
Summary: Next-generation antiandrogen drugs improve survival and quality of life in advanced prostate cancer patients, but resistance to these drugs is not well understood. This study found that the Wnt5a/FZD2 signaling pathway plays a critical role in promoting enzalutamide resistance, and targeting this pathway could be a potential therapy for advanced prostate cancer.
MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Joseph M. Cronin, Ai -Ming Yu
Summary: The development of medications requires a thorough understanding of their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. The study of ADME gene products and their functions has been revolutionized by recombinant DNA technologies. These technologies enable the investigation of drug metabolism and disposition, as well as the study of posttranscriptional regulation of ADME genes.
DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yixin Chen, Mei-Juan Tu, Fangwei Han, Zhenzhen Liu, Neelu Batra, Primo N. Lara, Hong -Wu Chen, Huichang Bi, Ai -Ming Yu
Summary: The research found that miR-22-3p, miR-9-5p, and miR-218-5p are antiproliferative miRNAs targeting non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and they inhibit folate metabolism and alter amino acid metabolism in NSCLC cells. In addition, the inhibition of glucose uptake by miR-22-3p and the reduction of serine biosynthesis from glucose by miR-9-5p and -218-5p were also confirmed. Recombinant miR-22-3p was more effective than miR-9-5p and -218-5p in inhibiting NSCLC cell respiration, glycolysis, and colony formation, without causing any toxicity.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yixin Chen, Yanying Zhou, Fangwei Han, Yingyuan Zhao, Meijuan Tu, Yongtao Wang, Can Huang, Shicheng Fan, Panpan Chen, Xinpeng Yao, Lihuan Guan, Ai -Ming Yu, Frank J. Gonzalez, Min Huang, Huichang Bi
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Peng-Cheng Li, Mei-Juan Tu, Pui Yan Ho, Neelu Batra, Michelle M. L. Tran, Jing-Xin Qiu, Theodore Wun, Primo N. Lara, Xiang Hu, Ai-Xi Yu, Ai-Ming Yu
Summary: A novel platform for in vivo fermentation production of humanized recombinant ncRNA molecules was developed, demonstrating their important roles in cellular processes and anti-tumor activities. The technology represents a unique addition to conventional technologies for basic research and drug development.