Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
M. Perdriat, P. Huillery, C. Pellet-Mary, G. Hetet
Summary: This study predicts and reports the strong diamagnetism of nanodiamonds with embedded NV centers. The ability to control the magnetic susceptibility and crystalline axis direction shows promising potential for various applications.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Umberto Celano, Hai Zhong, Florin Ciubotaru, Laurentiu Stoleriu, Alexander Stark, Peter Rickhaus, Felipe Favaro de Oliveira, Mathieu Munsch, Paola Favia, Maxim Korytov, Patricia Van Marcke, Patrick Maletinsky, Christoph Adelmann, Paul van der Heide
Summary: In this study, nonperturbative field distribution mapping in ultra-scaled magnetic nanowires with diameters down to 6 nm was achieved using scanning nitrogen-vacancy magnetometry, enabling localized, minimally invasive magnetic imaging with sensitivity down to 3 μT Hz(-1/2). The imaging revealed the presence of weak magnetic inhomogeneities inside in-plane magnetized nanowires, largely undetectable with standard metrology. The strong magnetic field confinement in the nanowires allowed for the study of the interaction between the stray magnetic field and the nitrogen-vacancy sensor, clarifying the formation mechanisms for technologically relevant magnetic nanostructures.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qi Zhang, Yuhang Guo, Wentao Ji, Mengqi Wang, Jun Yin, Fei Kong, Yiheng Lin, Chunming Yin, Fazhan Shi, Ya Wang, Jiangfeng Du
Summary: The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is crucial for achieving high-fidelity single-shot readout of qubits, with a new spin-to-charge conversion method introduced to suppress spin-flip errors. This technique shows potential for exceeding fault-tolerant thresholds and may have applications in integrated optoelectronic devices.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
William C. Mackrodt, Francesco S. Gentile, Roberto Dovesi
Summary: This paper reports the energies, charge, and spin distributions of both the vertically excited and fully relaxed GR1 states of the neutral singlet vacancy in diamond. The calculations suggest that both states are excitonic and insulating, with extensive re-distribution of charge and spin density. The paper also provides an explanation for why only the GR1 luminescence is observed and suggests an alternative channel for the recovery of the ground state in photoluminescence studies.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Gary Wolfowicz, F. Joseph Heremans, Christopher P. Anderson, Shun Kanai, Hosung Seo, Adam Gali, Giulia Galli, David D. Awschalom
Summary: Defects with associated electron and nuclear spins in solid-state materials have a long history relevant to quantum information science, rapidly expanding to various applications and requiring in-depth understanding of their properties, host materials, and engineering opportunities.
NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Erin S. Grant, Liam T. Hall, Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg, Gawain McColl, David A. Simpson
Summary: In this study, the magnetic properties of ferritin, the primary storage protein in the body, were systematically studied using diamond-based quantum spin relaxometry. An anomalous magnetic behavior was observed at relatively low iron loads due to a morphological change in the iron core of ferritin. The inclusion of this morphological change in a theoretical model was supported by electron microscopy studies and provided evidence for the magnetic consequence of the morphological change.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kirill Vasilev, Benjamin Doppagne, Tomas Neuman, Anna Roslawska, Herve Bulou, Alex Boeglin, Fabrice Scheurer, Guillaume Schull
Summary: The authors demonstrate the internal Stark effect by observing spectral shifts in the fluorescence spectrum of a phthalocyanine molecule caused by electrostatic fields generated within the molecule itself. This phenomenon of tuning chromophores' optical properties using electrostatic fields is known as the internal Stark effect (ISE) and plays a crucial role in optimizing complex functions in living organisms. By sequentially removing central protons from a free-base phthalocyanine chromophore with a scanning tunneling microscope, the authors were able to measure the Stark shift in the emission energy caused by the charges confined within the chromophore.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael S. J. Barson, Lachlan M. Oberg, Liam P. McGuinness, Andrej Denisenko, Neil B. Manson, Jorg Wrachtrup, Marcus W. Doherty
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of using NV centers for nanoscale electric field imaging with high sensitivity, showing near single-charge sensitivity and subelementary charge detection. The results provide motivation for further sensing and imaging of electric fields using NV centers in diamond.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hyma H. Vallabhapurapu, Chris Adambukulam, Andre Saraiva, Arne Laucht
Summary: This work theoretically demonstrates the high-speed control of the 29Si nuclear spin using indirect control through the electron spin-orbit effect. The impact of nuclear spin precession frequency on gate times and the exciting possibility of all-optical nuclear spin control are discussed.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Camila Ianhez-Pereira, Ariano De Giovanni Rodrigues, Marcio Peron Franco de Godoy
Summary: This study investigated the infrared optical emission of Er3+ doped ZnO hosts, using spray pyrolysis during thin film growth. Different molarity conditions affected the growth of the films and their optical properties. The infrared emissions were influenced by the Stark effect, which was dependent on synthesis parameters.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Abdul Rashid Umar, Austin L. Dorris, Naresh M. Kotadiya, Noel C. Giebink, Graham S. Collier, Christopher Grieco
Summary: Conjugated polymers (CPs) are a unique class of materials that can be easily doped to produce mobile charge carriers, but their interplay with the local environment and polaronic properties is not well-understood. In this study, transient absorption spectroscopy was used to investigate the photoexcited polarons in a lightly doped ProDOT-co-EDOT polymer film, revealing a Stark effect that is sensitive to their local environments. The resulting electroabsorption signal indicates that polaron excitations spatially separate the hole from its counterion within 200 fs. The photoinduced Stark effect in transient absorption experiments can serve as a sensitive probe of the local environment of polarons in doped CPs and refine electronic structure models describing their polaronic states and transitions.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gerald Q. Yan, Senlei Li, Hanyi Lu, Mengqi Huang, Yuxuan Xiao, Luke Wernert, Jeffrey A. Brock, Eric E. Fullerton, Hua Chen, Hailong Wang, Chunhui Rita Du
Summary: This paper reports on the nanoscale imaging of spin-orbit-torque-induced deterministic magnetic switching and chiral spin rotation in non-collinear antiferromagnet Mn3Sn films using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. Direct evidence of the off-resonance dipole-dipole coupling between the spin dynamics in Mn3Sn and proximate NV centers is also demonstrated by NV relaxometry measurements.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Denis R. Candido, Michael E. Flatte
Summary: The authors present a quantitative theory on the suppression of optical linewidth due to charge fluctuation noise in a p-n diode. They connect local electric field with diode voltage to identify defect depth, and show that accurately describing decoherence of spin centers requires a complete spin-1 formalism and predicts how reduced charge fluctuation noise suppresses spin center's decoherence rate.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Suvechhya Lamichhane, Kayleigh A. McElveen, Adam Erickson, Ilja Fescenko, Shuo Sun, Rupak Timalsina, Yinsheng Guo, Sy-Hwang Liou, Rebecca Y. Lai, Abdelghani Laraoui
Summary: [Fe(Htrz)2(trz)](BF4) (Fe-triazole) spin crossover molecules exhibit thermal, electrical, and optical switching between high spin (HS) and low spin (LS) states, making them promising for molecular spintronics. In this study, nitrogen vacancy (NV) based magnetometry is used to investigate the magnetic properties of the Fe-triazole LS state in nanoparticle clusters and individual nanorods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy are employed to determine the size of the nanoparticles/nanorods and confirm their spin states. The results demonstrate the potential of NV quantum sensors for studying the magnetic properties of spin crossover molecules and molecular magnets.
Article
Physics, Applied
Thinh N. Tran, Angus Gale, Benjamin Whitefield, Vladimir Dyakonov, Milos Toth, Igor Aharonovich, Mehran Kianinia
Summary: By designing and fabricating a microwave double arc resonator, efficient transferring of the microwave field was achieved for optically addressable spin defects in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), resulting in enhanced optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) contrast and low magnetic field sensitivity. This robust and scalable device engineering holds promise for future applications of spin defects in hBN for quantum sensing.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Masayuki Tsutsumi, Tatsuya Meguro, Akinori Takeyama, Takeshi Ohshima, Yasunori Tanaka, Shin-Ichiro Kuroki
Summary: Radiation-hardened CMOS image sensors (CIS) with 4H-SiC photosensors and APS-type circuits were developed and demonstrated. The 4H-SiC photodiodes had a dark current of <2 nA/cm(2), and their spectral sensitivity was evaluated from 200 nm to 400 nm. The photosensors showed a maximal quantum efficiency of 63% at 270 nm and high responses to UV light. After exposure to 2 MGy irradiation, the APS-type photosensors still functioned with a dark current of 25 nA/cm(2).
IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Ian R. Berkman, Alexey Lyasota, Gabriele G. de Boo, John G. Bartholomew, Brett C. Johnson, Jeffrey C. McCallum, Bin-Bin Xu, Shouyi Xie, Rose L. Ahlefeldt, Matthew J. Sellars, Chunming Yin, Sven Rogge
Summary: We propose a flexible method for studying the optical properties of an Er3+ ensemble in Si through resonant excitation and in situ single-photon detection. This technique allows efficient detection of optically active centers in transparent crystals without nanofabrication. We observe 70 Er3+ resonances in Si, with 62 of them not previously observed, indicating the potential of Er3+ in Si as a quantum information candidate.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
C. T. -K. Lew, V. K. Sewani, N. Iwamoto, T. Ohshima, J. C. Mccallum, B. C. Johnson
Summary: Spin defects in solid-state sensors are investigated for their magnetic sensitivity, with potential applications in various industries. The study utilizes a silicon carbide pn-junction diode to detect a spin defect ensemble and enhance the baseline sensitivity through the hyperfine-induced spin-mixing effect observed at zero magnetic field. Additional electron-hole pairs are generated through above bandgap optical excitation, and a balanced detection scheme is implemented to reject common-mode noise, achieving an ultimate sensitivity of 30 nT/root Hz. Both techniques greatly enhance the magnetic sensitivity of the device by a total factor of approximately 24, paving the way for sub-nanotesla magnetic field sensitivities with electrical detection.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Tamotsu Okamoto, Fumiya Furumaki, Eiku Sato, Ippei Isogai, Yuji Kurimoto, Yasuki Okuno, Mitsuru Imaizumi, Masafumi Akiyoshi, Takeshi Ohshima
Summary: In this study, the effects of He ion and electron beam irradiation on substrate-type CdTe solar cells for detecting alpha and beta radiation were investigated. The induced current in the CdTe solar cell dosimeter increased proportionally with He ion current, indicating its potential for alpha radiation detection. The induced current in the dosimeter also showed proportionality to electron flux, with sensitivity depending on electron energy. Furthermore, the substrate-type CdTe solar cell dosimeter demonstrated sufficient resistance to electron beam irradiation, with no significant degradation in short-circuit current observed.
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Shu Motoki, Shin-ichiro Sato, Seiichi Saiki, Yuta Masuyama, Yuichi Yamazaki, Takeshi Ohshima, Koichi Murata, Hidekazu Tsuchida, Yasuto Hijikata
Summary: In this study, the potential of V-Si(-) defects for magnetic sensors operating at high temperatures was demonstrated, with the resonance frequency of the ground level being independent of temperature, indicating the possibility of calibration-free magnetic sensors in temperature-varying environments. The results also showed a linear relationship between magnetic sensing sensitivity and V-Si(-) concentration.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Artur Lozovoi, YunHeng Chen, Gyorgy Vizkelethy, Edward Bielejec, Johannes Flick, Marcus W. Doherty, Carlos A. Meriles
Summary: We investigate the capture of photogenerated holes by an individual negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond at room temperature. Using Monte Carlo simulations and experimental results, we find that the electric field-dependent capture probability shows an asymmetric-bell-shaped response with maximum at zero voltage.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tihomir Knezevic, Eva Jelavic, Yuichi Yamazaki, Takeshi Ohshima, Takahiro Makino, Ivana Capan
Summary: In this study, boron-related defects in low-doped n-type 4H-SiC semitransparent Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) were investigated using minority carrier transient spectroscopy (MCTS). Boron, introduced during chemical vapor deposition (CVD) crystal growth, led to the presence of shallow (B) and deep boron (D-center) defects, with concentrations as high as 1 x 10(15) cm(-3). Despite the higher concentration of boron compared to nitrogen doping, the steady-state electrical characteristics of the n-type 4H-SiC SBDs remained unaffected.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Robert Bernat, Tihomir Knezevic, Vladimir Radulovic, Luka Snoj, Takahiro Makino, Takeshi Ohshima, Ivana Capan
Summary: We investigated the impact of large-area 4H-SiC Schottky barrier diodes on the radiation response to ionizing particles. Two diode areas, 1 mm x 1 mm and 5 mm x 5 mm, were compared. We utilized (LiF)-Li-6 and (B4C)-B-10 films as thermal neutron converters on top of the diodes. A thermal neutron efficiency of 5.02% was achieved with (LiF)-Li-6, which is among the highest reported efficiencies. Additionally, a temperature-dependent radiation response to alpha particles was presented, with neutron irradiations conducted in a JSI TRIGA dry chamber and an Am-241 wide-area alpha source used for testing.
Article
Physics, Applied
Hiroki Morishita, Naoya Morioka, Testuri Nishikawa, Hajime Yao, Shinobu Onoda, Hiroshi Abe, Takeshi Ohshima, Norikazu Mizuochi
Summary: In this study, positive contrast in photocurrent detected magnetic resonance (PDMR) of nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) centers in diamond is observed. The sign of the PDMR contrast depends on the difference in the photocurrent generated from the excited states and the metastable state of N-V centers. Additionally, noise suppression using a phase-cycling-based noise-canceling technique is introduced to achieve electrically detected ac magnetic field sensing with a sensitivity of 29 nT Hz-1/2.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2023)
Editorial Material
Physics, Applied
Khalid Hattar, Rudy J. M. Konings, Lorenzo Malerba, Takeshi Ohshima
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
C. t. -k. Lew, V. K. Sewani, T. Ohshima, J. C. McCallum, B. C. Johnson
Summary: Silicon carbide (SiC) power devices are crucial in high voltage electronics, but defects at interfaces and in the bulk affect their reliability and performance. This study presents a charge pumping method to characterize SiC/SiO 2 interface defects in commercial SiC power metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). The method is also used to investigate spin states at the SiC/SiO 2 interface through charge pumping electrically detected magnetic resonance (CP-EDMR).
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Charlotte K. Duda, Kate R. Ferguson, Rose L. Ahlefeldt, Morgan P. Hedges, Matthew J. Sellars
Summary: In this study, the efficiency of rephased amplified spontaneous emission (RASE) in generating entangled light was investigated. The experiments were conducted on the H-3(4) -> D-1(2) transition in the Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal. The results showed that the efficiency of RASE increased from 3% to 14% as the optical depth decreased from 2.0 to 0.8. However, the achieved efficiency was lower than the predicted value, indicating the presence of limiting mechanisms.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Liam Hanlon, Michael Olney-Fraser, Marcus W. Doherty, Lukas Razinkovas
Summary: The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a highly studied defect with potential applications in quantum metrology and computation in ambient conditions. The ability to read out the spin state of the NV is crucial for its applications, and optical contrast is a key metric for electron spin readout fidelity. We propose a mechanism for high contrast readout using spin-to-charge conversion and electrode manipulation of NV energy levels, which predicts an optical spin contrast of 42% at room temperature and opens up alternative research pathways for the NV.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rose L. Ahlefeldt, Alexey Lyasota, Jodie Smith, Jinliang Ren, Matthew J. Sellars
Summary: In this study, the effect of hybrid dipole moment in Er3+:Y2SiO5 crystal is investigated using Stark-modulated photon echo measurements. The results show that the hybrid moment reduces the visibility of the modulated signal and causes phase and polarization shifts.