Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalia Ferreira Mendes, Carlos Poblete Jara, Ariane Maria Zanesco, Eliana Pereira de Araujo
Summary: Under high-fat feeding, the hypothalamus undergoes pro-inflammatory signaling activation, with recent data revealing microglial heterogeneity throughout the brain. The roles of microglial subpopulations in hypothalamic inflammation have been studied, but how each subset functions in response to inflammatory stimuli remains unclear. Novel experimental models have been developed to study the characteristics and roles of microglial subtypes, and transcriptomic data is being used to identify changes in hypothalamic microglial signature under short-term and long-term high-fat feeding.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Fabia Filipello, Claire Goldsbury, Shih Feng You, Alberto Locca, Celeste M. Karch, Laura Piccio
Summary: This article reviews the role of TREM2, focusing on its potential functions as a biomarker in neurological disorders and as a potential therapeutic target for CNS diseases.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Maria del Mar Fernandez-Arjona, Ana Leon-Rodriguez, Jesus M. Grondona, Maria D. Lopez-Avalos
Summary: Exposure of microglia to an inflammatory environment can lead to a heightened response to future inflammatory stimuli. This study explores the priming of hypothalamic microglia and its impact on energy balance regulation. The findings suggest that a single acute neuroinflammatory event can induce sustained priming in microglial cells, particularly those in the hypothalamus, affecting hypothalamic cytoarchitecture and its regulatory function in nutritional challenges.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Roberta Ribeiro, Emanuele Guimaraes Silva, Felipe Caixeta Moreira, Giovanni Freitas Gomes, Gabriela Reis Cussat, Barbara Stehling Ramos Silva, Maria Carolina Machado da Silva, Heliana de Barros Fernandes, Carolina de Sena Oliveira, Leonardo de Oliveira Guarnieri, Victoria Lopes, Claudia Natalia Ferreira, Ana Maria Caetano de Faria, Tatiani Uceli Maioli, Fabiola Mara Ribeiro, Aline Silva de Miranda, Grace Schenatto Pereira Moraes, Antonio Carlos Pinheiro de Oliveira, Luciene Bruno Vieira
Summary: Chronic consumption of hyperpalatable and hypercaloric foods has been shown to be associated with cognitive decline and memory impairment in obesity. This study investigates the effects of a highly palatable diet on neuroinflammation, glutamatergic dysfunction, and memory impairment. The results suggest that the diet leads to decreased memory reconsolidation and extinction, increased hippocampal glutamate levels, and elevated hippocampal fractalkine levels.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Grao-Cruces, Maria C. Millan-Linares, Maria E. Martin-Rubio, Rocio Toscano, Sergio Barrientos-Trigo, Beatriz Bermudez, Sergio Montserrat-de la Paz
Summary: High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are important for brain health in the central nervous system, but their functions may be compromised in obese patients. Obesity-related metabolic disturbances can reverse the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of HDLs in microglial cells, leading to higher pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
Article
Immunology
Eric A. Woodcock, Ansel T. Hillmer, Christine M. Sandiego, Paul Maruff, Richard E. Carson, Kelly P. Cosgrove, Robert H. Pietrzak
Summary: This study found that LPS administration in healthy adults can impair memory processes, specifically affecting verbal learning and recall, hippocampal memory processes. Furthermore, LPS also leads to increased neuroinflammation, which is correlated with decreased performance in memory in the hippocampus, putamen, and thalamus. This experimental paradigm may be useful for investigating the mechanistic relationships between neuroinflammatory signaling and cognitive dysfunction in psychiatric and neurologic disorders.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Stephanie M. Muscat, Michael J. Butler, Sabrina E. Mackey-Alfonso, Ruth M. Barrientos
Summary: Global populations are consuming diets high in saturated fats and refined carbohydrates, which are associated with inflammation and neurological dysfunction. Older individuals, especially females, are vulnerable to the impact of unhealthy diet on cognition. The present study found that short-term consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) impaired auditory-cued memory in both young and aged female rats, while contextual memory remained unaffected. Dysregulation of IL-1 beta and PACAP signaling may contribute to these differential effects.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anju Saxena, Roberta R. M. Moran, Meghan R. Bullard, Emma O. Bondy, Matthew Foster Smith, Lainie Morris, Nicaella Fogle, Jagroop Singh, Brendan Jarvis, Tammy Ray, Juhi Saxena, Linnea Ruth Freeman
Summary: Rising obesity rates have become a major public health concern in the United States. This study aimed to analyze the changes in gut microbiome and evaluate the neurogliosis in the hippocampus following the consumption of a high-fat diet and antibiotic treatment in male and female mice. The results showed that antibiotic treatment significantly reduced gut microbiome diversity and male mice fed the high-fat diet had significantly greater body weights. Female mice fed the low-fat diet and administered antibiotics showed decreased microgliosis and astrogliosis in the hippocampus, while male mice fed the low-fat diet and administered antibiotics showed increased microgliosis but decreased astrogliosis. These findings highlight the importance of considering sex differences in nutrient metabolism, gut microbiome composition, and response to antibiotics in relation to obesity.
Article
Biology
Valentina Murtaj, Silvia Penati, Sara Belloli, Maria Foti, Angela Coliva, Angela Papagna, Cecilia Gotti, Elisa Toninelli, Remy Chiaffarelli, Stefano Mantero, Susanna Pucci, Michela Matteoli, Maria Luisa Malosio, Rosa Maria Moresco
Summary: The study found that male mice exposed to a high fat diet are more susceptible to metabolic changes compared to female mice, showing faster and higher weight gain, elevated cholesterol and liver enzyme levels, and more prominent brain inflammation.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Mohamed-Amine Jabri, Kais Rtibi, Hichem Sebai
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a high fat diet on the rat brain and the potential protective effects of chamomile decoction extract. The results showed that a high fat diet led to obesity and anxiogenic-like symptoms, as well as oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain. Interestingly, treatment with chamomile decoction extract alleviated these behavioral and biochemical alterations.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Natalia F. Mendes, Licio A. Velloso
Summary: Brain macrophages and microglia play important roles in immune surveillance of the central nervous system. They release key molecules to prevent further damage to the neuronal network upon inflammatory stimuli. Perivascular macrophages in the hypothalamic area are the first line of defense against pathogens and substances from the blood.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Geoffrey A. Dunn, A. J. Mitchell, Matthew Selby, Damien A. Fair, Hanna C. Gustafsson, Elinor L. Sullivan
Summary: The obesity epidemic affects 40% of adults in the US, with approximately one-third of pregnant women classified as obese. Previous research suggests that children born to obese mothers are at increased risk for a number of health conditions, but the mechanisms behind this increased risk are poorly understood.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simon W. So, Kendra M. Fleming, Cayla M. Duffy, Joshua P. Nixon, David A. Bernlohr, Tammy A. Butterick
Summary: Lack of FABP4 can prevent diet-induced cognitive decline and reduce neuroinflammation and microgliosis. These results support the potential therapeutic role of the FABP4-UCP2 axis in preventing diet-induced cognitive decline.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Marsha Maredia, John Hamilton, Panayotis K. Thanos
Summary: This study found that a high-fat diet may increase microglial activation in certain brain regions in rats, while the antipsychotic drugs haloperidol and olanzapine had no effect on this activation. Additionally, the two different antipsychotic medications had differing effects on brain regions.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiye Kang, Ziwei Wang, Eleonora Cremonini, Gwenaelle Le Gall, Matthew G. Pontifex, Michael Muller, David Vauzour, Patricia I. Oteiza
Summary: Mounting evidence shows that consuming a high-fat diet (HFD) and developing obesity can lead to changes in cognition and mood. However, certain dietary bioactives, such as (-)-epicatechin (EC), may help prevent obesity-related cognitive decline. This study investigated the effects of EC supplementation on HFD-induced obesity-associated alterations in memory and mood. The results demonstrate that EC can mitigate anxiety-related behaviors and impact BDNF and glucocorticoids-mediated signaling.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Joshua P. Nixon, Vijayakumar Mavanji, Tammy A. Butterick, Charles J. Billington, Catherine M. Kotz, Jennifer A. Teske
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2015)
Article
Neurosciences
Cayla M. Duffy, Ce Yuan, Lauren E. Wisdorf, Charles J. Billington, Catherine M. Kotz, Joshua P. Nixon, Tammy A. Butterick
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2015)
Article
Neurosciences
Cayla M. Duffy, Joshua P. Nixon, Tammy A. Butterick
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2016)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cayla M. Duffy, Shihab Ahmed, Ce Yuan, Vijayakumar Mavanji, Joshua P. Nixon, Tammy Butterick
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Cayla M. Duffy, Hongliang Xu, Joshua P. Nixon, David A. Bernlohr, Tammy A. Butterick
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2017)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Vijayakumar Mavanji, Tammy A. Butterick, Cayla M. Duffy, Joshua P. Nixon, Charles J. Billington, Catherine M. Kotz
NEUROBIOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Cayla M. Duffy, Jacob Swanson, William Northrop, Joshua P. Nixon, Tammy A. Butterick
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tammy A. Butterick, Charles J. Billington, Catherine M. Kotz, Joshua P. Nixon
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2013)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simon W. So, Kendra M. Fleming, Cayla M. Duffy, Joshua P. Nixon, David A. Bernlohr, Tammy A. Butterick
Summary: Lack of FABP4 can prevent diet-induced cognitive decline and reduce neuroinflammation and microgliosis. These results support the potential therapeutic role of the FABP4-UCP2 axis in preventing diet-induced cognitive decline.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Janeen H. Trembley, Simon W. So, Joshua P. Nixon, Elizabeth C. Bowdridge, Krista L. Garner, Julie Griffith, Kevin J. Engles, Thomas P. Batchelor, William T. Goldsmith, Julie M. Tomaska, Salik Hussain, Timothy R. Nurkiewicz, Tammy A. Butterick
Summary: Chronic multisymptom illness (CMI) is an idiopathic disease affecting thousands of U.S. Veterans exposed to open-air burn pits emitting aerosolized particulate matter (PM) while serving in Central and Southwest Asia and Africa. In this study, a rat model of whole-body inhalation exposure using carbon black nanoparticles (CB) as a surrogate for military burn pit-related exposure was described. The results showed that CB inhalation exposure increased CMI-related proinflammatory biomarkers in multiple tissue samples and induced cardiovascular injury markers in plasma.
BMC RESEARCH NOTES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rishav Aggarwal, Steven S. Qi, Simon W. So, Cory Swingen, Christina P. Reyes, Rebecca Rose, Christin Wright, Laura L. Hocum Stone, Joshua P. Nixon, Edward O. McFalls, Tammy A. Butterick, Rosemary F. Kelly
Summary: This study used a porcine model to investigate diastolic dysfunction in hibernating myocardium (HM) and the recovery with coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). The results showed that diastolic peak filling rate was lower in HM compared with the control group, but there was partial recovery with CABG. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and histological examination supported these findings.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simon W. So, Joshua P. Nixon, David A. Bernlohr, Tammy A. Butterick
Summary: Our study demonstrates the crucial role of microglial fatty-acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) in regulating high fat diet (HFD)-induced cognitive decline. FABP4 knockout mice showed decreased neuroinflammation and cognitive decline. RNA-seq analysis of hippocampal tissue revealed neuroprotective transcriptome changes in HFD-fed FABP4 knockout mice, including decreased proinflammatory signaling and increased neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Simon W. So, Kendra M. Fleming, Joshua P. Nixon, Tammy A. Butterick
Summary: Obesity, a known risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, increases microglial activation and inflammation. In this study, we found that a high fat diet led to neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in mice. The activation of brain microglia in obesity exacerbated AD pathology and increased the accumulation of amyloid beta plaques. Our results showed that a high fat diet decreased locomotor activity and increased anxiety-like behavior and behavioral despair. It also led to memory deficits and increased microgliosis and Aβ deposition in a young adult AD mouse model.
Correction
Neurosciences
Vijayakumar Mavanji, Apostolos P. Georgopoulos, Joshua P. Nixon, Tammy A. Butterick, Catherine M. Kotz
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)