Novel preparation of Au nanoparticles loaded Laponite nanoparticles/ECM injectable hydrogel on cardiac differentiation of resident cardiac stem cells to cardiomyocytes

Cardiac tissue engineering offers a facile biomedical technology to develop a cardiac tissue regeneration or tissue repair by involving combinations of effective biomaterials and nanomaterials with engineering strategies. The cardiac regenerative materials were fabricated by electrically active nanoparticles onto the biocompatible matrix to inspire low-resistance electrical signal in the native heart tissues. In the current report, we investigated on the improvement of cardiac functionally inspired conductive injectable hydrogel fabricated from the electroactive gold (Au) and laponite (Lap) nanoparticles loaded myocardial extracellular matrix (ECM) to enhance the functional and biological properties of cardiomyocytes. The incorporation of nanoformulations into the ECM was maintained the functionality behaviors and maintenance of electrical conductivity into cardiomyocytes. The effects of nanoparticles onto the ECM were provided decreasing porous structure and interconnected pores in the hydrogel structure for the favorable environment of cardiac tissues. The biological analysis of cell survival and immunostaining studies of cardiomyocytes established that Au loaded Lap/ECM hydrogel improve cell compatibility and phenotypes maturation of cardiac specific proteins. The combination of electrically active nanoformulations and biologically active ECM was enhanced the cell expression of cardiac specific markers (SAC, cTnl and Cx43), indicating the potential role of nanoparticles loaded ECM hydrogel as an appropriate cardiac regenerative material for the repair of infarcted myocardium.